Current Opinion in Oncology最新文献_第2页

Targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in metastatic prostate cancer: current landscape and future directions. 靶向聚腺苷核糖聚合酶在转移性前列腺癌中的应用：现状和未来方向。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-05 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001230

Xiaolei Shi, Safiullah Rifai, Zumar Meher, Arif Hussain

{"title":"Targeting poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase in metastatic prostate cancer: current landscape and future directions.","authors":"Xiaolei Shi, Safiullah Rifai, Zumar Meher, Arif Hussain","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001230","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001230","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have rapidly reshaped the treatment landscape for metastatic prostate cancer, moving from biomarker-selected monotherapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) to first-line combination strategies with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPIs) and more recently, into metastatic hormone-sensitive disease (mHSPC). This review summarizes the evidence-based use of PARPi in metastatic prostate cancer, integrating the mechanistic rationale and guideline perspectives. We also highlight the resistance mechanisms that inform patient selection and underpin emerging strategies.Recent findings: The most consistent and clinically meaningful benefit from PARPi is observed among patients with deleterious BRCA1/2 alterations, whereas outcomes among patients with non- BRCA defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene subsets are heterogeneous and often modest. Pairing PARPi with ARPI in mCRPC patients bearing HRR mutations, especially BRCA1/2 mutations, not only improves clinical outcomes but also increases toxicity. Furthermore, uncertainty remains regarding the overall impact of the incremental benefit of PARPi/ARPI combinations over sequential therapy. Expansion into mHSPC further underscores the field's shift toward earlier, genomically guided treatment intensification strategies.Summary: Clinical practice is converging on early comprehensive genomic testing and prioritization of PARPi-based therapy for HRR-altered, especially BRCA1/2 -mutated, prostate cancer. Key research priorities include functional biomarkers beyond gene panels, rational combinations to prevent/overcome resistance, and optimized sequencing across disease states.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"249-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13084598/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent developments and outstanding challenges in germ cell tumors. 生殖细胞肿瘤的最新进展和突出的挑战。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001228

Ahmed Bilal Khalid, Tareq Salous

{"title":"Recent developments and outstanding challenges in germ cell tumors.","authors":"Ahmed Bilal Khalid, Tareq Salous","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001228","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001228","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Remaining challenges in management of patients with germ cell tumors (GCTs) include selecting the optimal treatment modality in patients with early metastatic disease, biomarker development and developing newer treatments in patients with refractory disease. This review aims to highlight recent developments in these domains.Recent findings: For patients with testicular seminoma with low-volume retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, retroperitoneal lymph node dissection is a viable treatment option. Novel biomarkers showing promise in patients with GCTs include circulating tumor DNA and microRNA 371; with further validation from larger prospective studies, these may be useful in clinical decision making in patients with GCTs. Claudin 6's ubiquitous expression in testicular GCTs has enabled the development of several ongoing clinical trials targeting it and these therapies may be promising in treating patients with refractory GCTs.Summary: Management of patients with GCT requires a multidisciplinary approach and patients with advanced disease being considered for surgery or those with refractory disease should be referred to a high-volume treatment center. Outcomes in refractory GCT remain poor, but several novel treatment options and approaches are being explored in clinical trials to improve cure rates in this patient population.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"261-265"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Improving oral cancer surgery by objective intraoperative assessment of resection margins: a new era. 客观术中评估切除边缘改善口腔癌手术：一个新时代。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001219

Omid Elahi, Yassine Aaboubout, Senada Koljenović

引用次数: 0

Circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA as a precision biomarker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: from risk stratification to real-time treatment adaptation and disease surveillance. 循环eb病毒DNA作为鼻咽癌的精确生物标志物：从风险分层到实时治疗适应和疾病监测

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001231

Emma R Y Zhang, Jia Ling Neo, Melvin L K Chua

{"title":"Circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA as a precision biomarker in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: from risk stratification to real-time treatment adaptation and disease surveillance.","authors":"Emma R Y Zhang, Jia Ling Neo, Melvin L K Chua","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001231","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001231","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a virally driven malignancy with marked biological heterogeneity that is inadequately captured by anatomical staging alone. Circulating plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA has emerged as an archetypal biomarker with expanding roles across the disease continuum. This review summarizes the recent evidence that had expanded plasma EBV DNA utility beyond prognostication to real-time treatment adaptation and disease surveillance.Recent findings: Contemporary studies had demonstrated that baseline EBV DNA refines risk stratification beyond TNM staging and identifies patients suitable for treatment escalation or de-escalation. Longitudinal on-treatment EBV DNA kinetics revealed distinct response phenotypes, with persistent detection during therapy indicative of treatment-resistant disease. Emerging risk-adapted therapeutic (RAT) strategies that tailor systemic therapy based on EBV DNA clearance have shown promising improvements in disease control. In the posttreatment setting, EBV DNA may guide surveillance protocols, and complement radiological investigations.Summary: EBV DNA is evolving from a static biomarker into an operational tool for precision oncology in NPC. Its integration enables biologically informed risk stratification, dynamic response assessment, and adaptive treatment strategies, with important implications for personalized management of NPC.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":"170-175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147364433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor. 结缔组织增生小圆细胞瘤。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001239

Mehdi Brahmi, Clémence Romeo, Alexandra Meurgey, Margaux Dupont, Armelle Dufresne

{"title":"Desmoplastic small round cell tumor.","authors":"Mehdi Brahmi, Clémence Romeo, Alexandra Meurgey, Margaux Dupont, Armelle Dufresne","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0000000000001239","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is an ultra-rare, fusion-driven sarcoma with a dismal prognosis despite multimodal therapy. Most patients present with advanced intra-abdominal and/or metastatic disease at diagnosis, and long-term survival remains uncommon. This review summarizes recent advances in the molecular and biological understanding of DSRCT. It highlights current diagnostic and therapeutic standards, and discusses emerging targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies with translational relevance.Recent findings: DSRCT is defined by the pathognomonic EWSR1::WT1 fusion, which acts as an aberrant transcription factor driving oncogenesis. Although there is no consensus standard of care, multimodal strategies combining dose-intense chemotherapy, complete cytoreductive surgery, and whole abdominopelvic radiotherapy remain the cornerstone of management when feasible. However, outcomes remain poor, particularly in patients with extra-peritoneal disease. Recent genomic studies have identified actionable vulnerabilities, including dysregulation of the angiogenic pathways, and IGF axis. In parallel, innovative immunotherapeutic approaches - particularly antibody-drug conjugates targeting HER2 and B7-H3 - have shown encouraging early signals of activity.Summary: Despite multimodal treatment, DSRCT remains a highly lethal malignancy. Advances in molecular characterization are reshaping the therapeutic landscape and supporting the development of targeted strategies, especially antibody-drug conjugates. Enrollment in prospective clinical trials and international collaborative efforts are essential to improve outcomes in this orphan disease.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epithelioid sarcoma: from SMARCB1 loss to therapeutic vulnerabilities. 上皮样肉瘤：从SMARCB1缺失到治疗脆弱性。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-03-24 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001236

Pawel Sobczuk, Cristina Gómez-Palmero, César Serrano

{"title":"Epithelioid sarcoma: from SMARCB1 loss to therapeutic vulnerabilities.","authors":"Pawel Sobczuk, Cristina Gómez-Palmero, César Serrano","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0000000000001236","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is one of the ultra-rare subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas, with an incidence <0.5 new cases/million/year. It is characterized by loss of SMARCB1 expression, a member of chromatin remodelling complexes, leading to transcriptional dysregulation and dependence on the PRC2 complex, with its histone methyltransferase EZH2. This review summarizes the current therapeutic landscape of ES and explores advances in its molecular characterization as well as potential new treatment options.Recent findings: Loss of SMARCB1 in ES is mostly related to homozygous deletion of its locus in chromosome 22. Lack of SMARCB1 leads to global transcriptional changes and the identification of two distinct molecular subtypes that closely resemble the classical and proximal histological subtypes of ES. Transcriptional analyses revealed new potential therapeutic targets, including MYC, mTOR, and TEK. Dependence on EZH2 led to the approval of the EZH2 inhibitor tazemetostat for the treatment of advanced ES; however, multiple resistance mechanisms that decreased its activity have been characterized, and its use recently discontinued due to unexpected secondary hematological malignancies.Summary: Despite progress in understanding ES biology, treatment options are limited, and prognosis remains poor. Further studies are needed, but the rarity of the disease limits opportunities for conducting dedicated clinical trials or broader molecular characterization.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147510252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Antibody-drug conjugates: new drugs - new toxicities. 抗体-药物结合物：新的药物-新的毒性。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001214

Megan H Wong, Nur Rahman, Maryam Lustberg

{"title":"Antibody-drug conjugates: new drugs - new toxicities.","authors":"Megan H Wong, Nur Rahman, Maryam Lustberg","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0000000000001214","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have reshaped the treatment of solid tumors, offering targeted delivery of cytotoxic agents using monoclonal antibodies to achieve precise antineoplastic effects. As the use of ADCs expands with the development of new agents and long-term safety data remain limited, clinicians must recognize, monitor, and manage treatment-related adverse events to optimize patient care.Recent findings: With the expansion of available ADCs, a broad spectrum of acute and chronic toxicities emerged from off-target payload effects, monoclonal antibody components, and linker instability. Recent studies have shown ADCs are associated with both common and serious treatment-related toxicities, underscoring the need for tailored management strategies.Summary: This comprehensive review discusses the toxicity profile of available ADC treatments for solid tumors and outlines practical approaches for toxicity monitoring and management. As the future of ADC therapy continues to evolve, integrating proactive toxicity mitigation and supportive care into clinical practice is crucial for maximizing therapeutic effect while also preserving patients' quality of life.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":"38 2","pages":"120-128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evolving paradigms in the management of basal cell carcinoma. 基底细胞癌治疗模式的演变。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001223

Gerardo Palmisano, Daniele Omar Traini, Francesco Brunetti, Federico Caponi, Alessandra D'Amore, Alessandro Di Stefani

{"title":"Evolving paradigms in the management of basal cell carcinoma.","authors":"Gerardo Palmisano, Daniele Omar Traini, Francesco Brunetti, Federico Caponi, Alessandra D'Amore, Alessandro Di Stefani","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0000000000001223","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) remains the most common malignancy worldwide. While the majority of tumors are curable with surgery, a subset of locally advanced or metastatic cases requires systemic therapy. Over the last few years, a surge of translational and clinical advances has reshaped management, from Hedgehog pathway inhibition to immune checkpoint blockade and perioperative integration. This review summarizes these developments and their implications for clinical practice.Recent findings: Updated evidence confirms Hedgehog pathway inhibitors (HHIs) as the standard first-line therapy for advanced BCC, while programmed death-1 (PD-1) blockade with cemiplimab has established durable responses after HHI failure. Real-world studies suggest potential benefit of earlier immunotherapy use. Emerging topical and neoadjuvant strategies, including patidegib and combined systemic-local approaches, highlight a transition toward functional preservation. Concurrently, imaging technologies such as line-field confocal optical coherence tomography and ex vivo confocal microscopy improve preoperative assessment and response monitoring, while clinical trials explore multimodal and perioperative regimens.Summary: The modern management of BCC is evolving toward a precision-oncology model integrating molecular targeting, immunotherapy, and advanced imaging. These developments are redefining therapeutic sequencing and the boundaries between surgery and systemic treatment.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":"38 2","pages":"107-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding financial toxicity in cancer care through a social-ecological lens. 从社会生态的角度理解癌症治疗的财务毒性。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001215

Joshua A Budhu, Bridgette Thom, Fumiko Chino

{"title":"Understanding financial toxicity in cancer care through a social-ecological lens.","authors":"Joshua A Budhu, Bridgette Thom, Fumiko Chino","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001215","DOIUrl":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001215","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Financial toxicity, defined as the material hardship and psychological distress associated with the costs of cancer care, has become a central concern in oncology as treatment complexity and patient cost-sharing increase. This review uses the Social-Ecological Model to conceptualize financial toxicity across multiple levels of influence, shifting focus from individual behaviors to the broader interpersonal, organizational, community, and societal systems that shape financial risk.Recent findings: Financial toxicity arises through interconnected drivers across the Social-Ecological Model. At the individual level, direct and indirect treatment costs contribute to material and psychological burden. Interpersonally, limited cost communication and negative insurance interactions exacerbate distress. Organizational factors, including billing practices, ancillary expenses, and inflexible workflows, shape time and financial demands. Community-level inequities such as transportation barriers and area deprivation further compound hardship. Promising interventions include essential-needs programs, patient navigation, food support, financial counseling, structured cost conversations, universal screening, reduced ancillary fees, consolidated appointments, and partnerships with community groups. Societal drivers - including insurance design, cost sharing, and rising out-of-pocket expenses - require policy reforms that expand coverage generosity, address drug pricing, improve utilization-management transparency, and strengthen protections against medical debt.Summary: Conceptualizing financial toxicity through a social-ecological lens underscores that meaningful progress requires multilevel interventions and coordinated efforts across patients, clinicians, institutions, communities, and policymakers.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":"38 2","pages":"146-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13006846/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conducting clinical trials in supportive and palliative oncology: challenges and opportunities. 开展支持性和姑息性肿瘤临床试验：挑战与机遇。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000001216

David Hui, Eduardo Bruera

{"title":"Conducting clinical trials in supportive and palliative oncology: challenges and opportunities.","authors":"David Hui, Eduardo Bruera","doi":"10.1097/CCO.0000000000001216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CCO.0000000000001216","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: High-quality research is essential to enhance the delivery and outcomes of supportive care for patients with cancer. In this review, we discuss key challenges and potential solutions for conducting supportive care clinical trials in oncology.Recent findings: Structural barriers to supportive care research include limited infrastructure and investigators, insufficient funding, a paucity of foundational research, and a lack of standardized terminologies. Process barriers involve challenges in patient recruitment and retention, intervention design, control selection, and outcome assessments. Recognition of these barriers enables the development of targeted strategies to overcome them. Encouragingly, there is growing awareness of the importance of supportive care among investigators, clinicians, patients, and healthcare administrators, leading to an increase in research activity, funding, and publications. Research centers and professional organizations dedicated to supportive care are actively building capacity and fostering collaboration. Additionally, innovative study designs, personalized outcome measures, and multicenter research networks offer promising strategies to enhance both the quantity and quality of clinical trials.Summary: Through interdisciplinary collaborations, we can continue to strengthen the infrastructure and refine the processes in supportive care trials. These efforts will help build a robust evidence base and ultimately improve outcomes for patients with cancer.","PeriodicalId":10893,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Oncology","volume":"38 2","pages":"129-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146212414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0