New trends in supportive care of head and neck cancers.

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
Current Opinion in Oncology Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-21 DOI:10.1097/CCO.0000000000001135
Ilaria Mascagni, Paolo Bossi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose of review: Supportive care plays a vital role in the management of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, as the disease often affects a frail and older population that is treated with multiple strategies and is associated with severe symptoms. We will focus on mucositis, dermatitis, dysphagia, pain, cachexia, and infections, as they are among the most common and challenging symptoms encountered.

Recent findings: Efforts have focused on multiomics approaches to decipher the complex biological pathways that drive symptom onset and treatment-related toxicities, with the aim of developing novel therapeutic strategies. A notable example is ponsegromab, a monoclonal antibody designed to target cancer cachexia. Other promising areas of research, such as machine-learning models and the role of oral and gut microbiota on cachexia and mucositis, are actively being explored; however, their impact to date remains limited.

Summary: In recent years, new knowledge has emerged regarding the underlying causes and predictive models for the supportive care of HNC patients. Unfortunately, this expanding body of knowledge primarily adds to complexity without translating into practical applications or substantial improvements for patients. Future efforts should prioritize the standardization of therapeutic algorithms, and the generation of robust evidence based on existing preclinical models.

头颈癌支持性护理的新趋势。
综述目的:支持性护理在头颈癌(HNC)患者的治疗中起着至关重要的作用,因为该疾病通常影响体弱多病和老年人群,需要多种治疗策略,并伴有严重症状。我们将重点关注粘膜炎、皮炎、吞咽困难、疼痛、恶病质和感染,因为它们是最常见和最具挑战性的症状。最近的发现:人们致力于用多组学方法来破译驱动症状发作和治疗相关毒性的复杂生物学途径,目的是开发新的治疗策略。一个值得注意的例子是ponsegromab,一种针对癌症恶病质的单克隆抗体。其他有前途的研究领域,如机器学习模型和口腔和肠道微生物群在恶病质和粘膜炎中的作用,正在积极探索中;然而,迄今为止,它们的影响仍然有限。摘要:近年来,关于HNC患者支持性护理的潜在原因和预测模型出现了新的认识。不幸的是,这种不断扩大的知识体系主要增加了复杂性,而没有转化为实际应用或对患者的实质性改善。未来的努力应优先考虑治疗算法的标准化,并根据现有的临床前模型产生强有力的证据。
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来源期刊
Current Opinion in Oncology
Current Opinion in Oncology 医学-肿瘤学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
2.90%
发文量
130
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: With its easy-to-digest reviews on important advances in world literature, Current Opinion in Oncology offers expert evaluation on a wide range of topics from sixteen key disciplines including sarcomas, cancer biology, melanoma and endocrine tumors. Published bimonthly, each issue covers in detail the most pertinent advances in these fields from the previous year. This is supplemented by annotated references detailing the merits of the most important papers.
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