Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases最新文献_第8页

Sexual health challenges in migrant, immigrant, and displaced populations 2022-2023. 2022-2023 年移徙者、移民和流离失所者的性健康挑战。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000990

Sofya Panchenko, Amanda Gabster, Philippe Mayaud, Jennifer Toller Erausquin

{"title":"Sexual health challenges in migrant, immigrant, and displaced populations 2022-2023.","authors":"Sofya Panchenko, Amanda Gabster, Philippe Mayaud, Jennifer Toller Erausquin","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000990","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000990","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This article reviews recently published research on sexual health challenges and HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among migrant, immigrant and displaced people (MIDP) worldwide. We aimed to identify current evidence gaps regarding HIV/STI epidemiology, sexual health needs and interventions.Recent findings: Incidence and prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and syphilis were higher among MIDP compared to host populations. However, research studies are limited in geographical distribution and few routine surveillance data are collected. Barriers to sexual health services use and participation in preventive interventions include low HIV/STI symptom knowledge and risk awareness, and intersectional experiences of stigma/discrimination. Better targeted promotion messages are needed to increase utilization of preventive sexual health interventions.Summary: Access to, and use of, sexual health services and interventions are evident needs among MIDP. These needs are intertwined with social determinants of health, including cultural/language barriers and stigma. Effective interventions require involvement of multiple stakeholder groups, encouraging engagement and providing social protection. Promising directions for interventions and further research include developing sexual health supportive environments through peer-strategies and provider training in trauma-informed care.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138486945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Community engagement tools in HIV/STI prevention research. 艾滋病毒/性传播感染预防研究中的社区参与工具。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000993

Chunyan Li, Peipei Zhao, Rayner K J Tan, Dan Wu

{"title":"Community engagement tools in HIV/STI prevention research.","authors":"Chunyan Li, Peipei Zhao, Rayner K J Tan, Dan Wu","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000993","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000993","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Community engagement is key to the success of sustainable public health interventions. This review highlights recent published studies that describe the use of community-engaged methods in sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention research.Recent findings: We organized the findings using a socio-ecological model. At the individual level, communities were engaged through participation in formative research, short-term consultations and community advisory board participation, as well as co-creation activities. At the interpersonal level, studies reviewed described peer-led interventions that leverage the influence and guidance of peers, patient-led interventions in the form of patient navigation and notification, as well as those that mobilize social networks and the power of social relationships to promote health. At the organizational and community level, multisectoral, multifacility collaborations between community, government, and academic stakeholders were highlighted. At the policy and population level, communities were engaged through community dialogues to disseminate research findings, as well as in developing strategic frameworks and clinical guidelines. Digital tools have also been leveraged for effective community engagement.Summary: Communities have an effective role to play in STI prevention and can be engaged at multiple levels. Future efforts may consider the use of community engagement tools highlighted in this review, including digital technologies that have the potential to reach more diverse end-users.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138482144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promising developments in gonococcal vaccines. 淋球菌疫苗有希望的发展。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000992

Andreea Waltmann, Jane S Chen, Joseph A Duncan

{"title":"Promising developments in gonococcal vaccines.","authors":"Andreea Waltmann, Jane S Chen, Joseph A Duncan","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000992","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000992","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: While effective vaccines to prevent invasive infections by Neisseria meningitidis have been deployed around the world, development of a vaccine to prevent Neisseria gonorrhoeae has lagged. After multiple failed vaccine candidates, vaccine development for N. gonorrhoeae is showing promise for the first time in several decades. This review highlights recent progress in the field.Recent findings: Vaccines containing outer-membrane vesicles (OMV) have been used to manage outbreaks of the serogroup B N. meningitidis in a number of countries. Epidemiologic studies indicate these vaccination campaigns were associated with reductions in reported N. gonorrhoeae infections. Recently, a serogroup B N. meningitidis vaccine containing both recombinant antigens and OMV has been licensed through much of the world. Epidemiologic studies also demonstrate associations between 4CMenB immunization and reduced N. gonorrhoeae infections. Additionally, mathematical modeling studies have begun to identify potential strategies for vaccine deployment to maximize reduction of infections.Summary: After several decades with little progress towards an effective gonococcal vaccine, large observational studies have provided evidence that a new generation of group B N. meningitidis vaccines containing OMV have serendipitously restarted the field. Ongoing clinical trials will soon provide definitive evidence regarding the efficacy of these vaccines in preventing N. gonorrhoeae infection.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138482145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large lessons learned from small vessels: coronary microvascular dysfunction in HIV. 从小血管中吸取的大量经验教训：HIV患者的冠状动脉微血管功能障碍。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000987

Teressa S Thomas, Allie R Walpert, Suman Srinivasa

{"title":"Large lessons learned from small vessels: coronary microvascular dysfunction in HIV.","authors":"Teressa S Thomas, Allie R Walpert, Suman Srinivasa","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000987","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000987","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Large cohort studies have consistently shown the presence of heart failure is approximately doubled among persons with HIV (PWH). Early studies of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in HIV were primarily focused on atherosclerotic burden, and we now have a greater understanding of large vessel disease in HIV. More recent studies have begun to inform us about small vessel disease, or coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), in HIV. CMD is recognized to be an important risk factor for adverse events related to heart failure, associated with cardiovascular mortality, and often presents without overt atherosclerotic disease.Recent findings: In this review, we highlight implications for CMD and relevant clinical studies in HIV. Inflammation and endothelial dysfunction, well known risk factors in HIV, may mediate the pathogenesis of CMD. Initial studies suggest that CMD worsens with ART initiation. Newer studies reveal CMD is present among well treated PWH without known CVD. In addition, myocardial flow reserve (MFR), a marker of CMD, is reduced in HIV similar to diabetes. There also appears to be sex differences, such that CMD is worse among women vs. men with HIV.Summary: Alterations in the coronary microvasculature may be an important mediator of subclinical myocardial dysfunction that deserves further clinical attention among PWH without known CVD.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54228130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Left ventricular assist device-associated driveline infections as a specific form of complicated skin and soft tissue infection/acute bacterial skin and skin structure infection - issues and therapeutic options. 左心室辅助装置相关的驱动线感染是一种特殊形式的复杂皮肤和软组织感染/急性细菌性皮肤和皮肤结构感染--问题和治疗方案。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-12 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000999

Christian Eckmann, Cord Sunderkötter, Karsten Becker, Béatrice Grabein, Stefan Hagel, Frank Hanses, Dominic Wichmann, Florian Thalhammer

引用次数: 0

STI pathogens in the oropharynx: update on screening and treatment. 口咽部的性传播感染病原体：筛查和治疗的最新进展。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000997

Eric P F Chow, Christopher K Fairley, Fabian Y S Kong

引用次数: 0

Mpox in people living with HIV. 艾滋病毒感染者中的 Mpox。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.1097/qco.0000000000000994

Irfaan Maan, Manik Kohli, Richard Gilson

引用次数: 0

A new direction for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis among transplant recipients: Benefits and nonviral outcomes of letermovir use as primary CMV prophylaxis. 在移植受者中预防巨细胞病毒的新方向：使用莱特莫韦作为主要巨细胞病毒预防的益处和非病毒结果。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-29 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000983

W Justin Moore, Catherine-Audrey Boutin, Sajal Tanna

{"title":"A new direction for cytomegalovirus prophylaxis among transplant recipients: Benefits and nonviral outcomes of letermovir use as primary CMV prophylaxis.","authors":"W Justin Moore, Catherine-Audrey Boutin, Sajal Tanna","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000983","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000983","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Letermovir has changed the game of primary prophylaxis against cytomegalovirus (CMV) for hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and more recently, solid organ transplant recipients. This is largely due to letermovir's similar efficacy in protecting against CMV reactivation and disease, along with its superior safety profile, notably reduced myelotoxicity, and lack of renal dose adjustment compared to standard agents like valganciclovir. This review will describe the potential benefits and clinical considerations of letermovir as prophylaxis among transplant recipients, with a focus on recent evidence describing nonviral outcomes of CMV.Recent findings: Recent evidence has demonstrated improved safety (e.g., less myelosuppression) and tolerability with no difference in rates of CMV infection or disease in kidney transplant recipients given letermovir compared to valganciclovir. Real-world studies and meta-analyses in HSCT populations have explored various nonviral outcomes with letermovir use. Letermovir prophylaxis was associated with reduced mortality, lower rates of graft versus host disease, delayed CMV immune reconstitution, improved tolerability with extended durations, and decreased healthcare utilization.Summary: Letermovir is an effective antiviral agent for CMV prevention and has demonstrated enhanced safety, which may allow for extended durations of primary prophylaxis among transplant recipients along with other improved clinical outcomes by mitigating the indirect effects of CMV.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41102330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Risk factors for severity in seasonal respiratory viral infections and how they guide management in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients. 季节性呼吸道病毒感染严重程度的危险因素及其如何指导造血细胞移植受者的管理。

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000968

Toshihiro Matsui, Chikara Ogimi

{"title":"Risk factors for severity in seasonal respiratory viral infections and how they guide management in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.","authors":"Toshihiro Matsui, Chikara Ogimi","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000968","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000968","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Seasonal respiratory virus infections (RVIs) often progress to severe diseases in hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. This review summarizes the current evidence on risk factors for the severity of RVIs in this high-risk population and provides clinical management.Recent findings: The likelihood of the respiratory viral disease progression depends on the immune status of the host and the type of virus. Conventional host factors, such as the immunodeficiency scoring index and the severe immunodeficiency criteria, have been utilized to estimate the risk of progression to severe disease, including mortality. Recent reports have suggested nonconventional risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, hypoalbuminemia, prior use of antibiotics with broad anaerobic activity, posttransplant cyclophosphamide, and pulmonary impairment after RVIs. Identifying novel and modifiable risk factors is important with the advances of novel therapeutic and preventive interventions for RVIs.Summary: Validation of recently identified risk factors for severe RVIs in HCT recipients is required. The development of innovative interventions along with appropriate risk stratification is critical to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41103543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Surgical site infection prophylaxis: what have we learned and are we making progress? 手术部位感染预防：我们学到了什么？我们正在取得进展吗？

IF 3.9 3区医学

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000970

Courtney Ierano, Lisa Hall, Rod James

{"title":"Surgical site infection prophylaxis: what have we learned and are we making progress?","authors":"Courtney Ierano, Lisa Hall, Rod James","doi":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000970","DOIUrl":"10.1097/QCO.0000000000000970","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This review aims to discuss the current state of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) evidence for surgical site infection prevention. Despite decades of research, knowledge gaps persist in identifying optimal SAP regimens.Recent findings: Recent randomised controlled trials highlight ongoing heterogeneity in study design. Key new findings support the use of oral preoperative SAP for colorectal surgery and advise against the use of SAP for transperineal prostate biopsy. There is growing evidence for culture-based SAP over empiric use for transrectal prostate biopsy.Contentious issues remain regarding topical antimicrobials for cardiac procedures involving sternotomy, the necessity of SAP for wire lumpectomy and laparoscopic cholecystectomy for both mild or moderate acute cholecystitis. Procedures where SAP is not indicated, yet research is still being conducted on this topic include dental implants and clean orthopaedic procedures.Summary: Research efforts continue with numerous trials published and registered to determine optimal SAP regimens. However, many efforts are suboptimal due to poor statistical design and redundant questions already answered by existing literature. To improve practice and influence surgeons prescribing behaviour future RCTs should be well powered, with large sample sizes across multiple sites, focusing on clinically relevant questions.","PeriodicalId":10880,"journal":{"name":"Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41135184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0