Current Atherosclerosis Reports最新文献_第8页

Implications of Bias in Artificial Intelligence: Considerations for Cardiovascular Imaging. 人工智能偏差的影响：心血管成像的考虑因素。

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01190-x

Marly van Assen, Ashley Beecy, Gabrielle Gershon, Janice Newsome, Hari Trivedi, Judy Gichoya

{"title":"Implications of Bias in Artificial Intelligence: Considerations for Cardiovascular Imaging.","authors":"Marly van Assen, Ashley Beecy, Gabrielle Gershon, Janice Newsome, Hari Trivedi, Judy Gichoya","doi":"10.1007/s11883-024-01190-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-024-01190-x","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Bias in artificial intelligence (AI) models can result in unintended consequences. In cardiovascular imaging, biased AI models used in clinical practice can negatively affect patient outcomes. Biased AI models result from decisions made when training and evaluating a model. This paper is a comprehensive guide for AI development teams to understand assumptions in datasets and chosen metrics for outcome/ground truth, and how this translates to real-world performance for cardiovascular disease (CVD).Recent findings: CVDs are the number one cause of mortality worldwide; however, the prevalence, burden, and outcomes of CVD vary across gender and race. Several biomarkers are also shown to vary among different populations and ethnic/racial groups. Inequalities in clinical trial inclusion, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment are preserved in health data that is ultimately used to train AI algorithms, leading to potential biases in model performance. Despite the notion that AI models themselves are biased, AI can also help to mitigate bias (e.g., bias auditing tools). In this review paper, we describe in detail implicit and explicit biases in the care of cardiovascular disease that may be present in existing datasets but are not obvious to model developers. We review disparities in CVD outcomes across different genders and race groups, differences in treatment of historically marginalized groups, and disparities in clinical trials for various cardiovascular diseases and outcomes. Thereafter, we summarize some CVD AI literature that shows bias in CVD AI as well as approaches that AI is being used to mitigate CVD bias.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"91-102"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139740672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Young Patients with CKD and the Role of Lipid-Lowering Therapy. 慢性肾脏病年轻患者的心血管风险增加与降脂疗法的作用。

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01191-w

Vojtech Kratky, Anna Valerianova, Zdenka Hruskova, Vladimir Tesar, Jan Malik

{"title":"Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Young Patients with CKD and the Role of Lipid-Lowering Therapy.","authors":"Vojtech Kratky, Anna Valerianova, Zdenka Hruskova, Vladimir Tesar, Jan Malik","doi":"10.1007/s11883-024-01191-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-024-01191-w","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review summarizes known risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms, and current therapeutic possibilities, focusing on lipid-lowering therapy in CKD.Recent findings: Novel data on lipid-lowering therapy in CKD mainly stem from clinical trials and clinical studies. In addition to traditional CVD risk factors, patients with CKD often present with non-traditional risk factors that include, e.g., anemia, proteinuria, or calcium-phosphate imbalance. Dyslipidemia remains an important contributing CVD risk factor in CKD, although the mechanisms involved differ from the general population. While statins are the most commonly used lipid-lowering therapy in CKD patients, some statins may require dose reduction. Importantly, statins showed diminished beneficial effect on cardiovascular events in patients with severe CKD and hypercholesterolemia despite high CVD risk and effective reduction of LDL cholesterol. Ezetimibe enables the reduction of the dose of statins and their putative toxicity and, in combination with statins, reduces CVD endpoints in CKD patients. The use of novel drugs such as PCSK9 inhibitors is safe in CKD, but their potential to reduce cardiovascular events in CKD needs to be elucidated in future studies.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"103-109"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychological Health and Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: A Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Considerations across the Healthspan. 女性心理健康与缺血性心脏病：当前证据回顾与跨健康期的临床考虑。

IF 5.7 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01185-0

Allison E Gaffey, Erica S Spatz

{"title":"Psychological Health and Ischemic Heart Disease in Women: A Review of Current Evidence and Clinical Considerations across the Healthspan.","authors":"Allison E Gaffey, Erica S Spatz","doi":"10.1007/s11883-023-01185-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-023-01185-0","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Psychological health encompasses a constellation of negative and positive factors-i.e., psychosocial stress, depression, anxiety, trauma, loneliness and social isolation, anger and hostility, optimism, and a sense of purpose. This narrative review presents current evidence at the intersection of psychological health, risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD), and IHD-related outcomes, with an emphasis on associations in women.Recent findings: For women, relations between psychological health and IHD reflect important sex and gender differences in biological and psychosocial factors. Although efforts devoted to understanding psychological health and IHD risk have varied by psychological factor-scientific evidence is strongest for psychosocial stress and depression, while anxiety, trauma, and positive psychological factors warrant more investigation-less optimal psychological health is consistently associated with an earlier and greater risk of IHD morbidity and mortality in women. Still, many past prospective studies of psychological factors and IHD risk had a limited representation of women, did not include analyses by sex, or failed to account for other influential, sex-specific factors. Thus, there are multiple pathways for further, rigorous investigation into psychological health-IHD associations, mechanisms, and empirically supported psychological interventions to mitigate IHD risk among women. Given the robust evidence linking psychological health with women's risk for IHD, implementing routine, brief, psychological screening is recommended. Significant life events, developmental milestones specific to women, and IHD diagnoses or events could cue further psychological assessment and referral, efforts which will mutually strengthen the evidence for integrated psychological and IHD care and delivery of such care to this vulnerable group.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"45-58"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11219074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whether and Why Do We Need a Vaccine Against Atherosclerosis? Can We Expect It Anytime Soon? 我们是否需要预防动脉粥样硬化的疫苗？我们能否很快得到疫苗？

IF 5.7 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01186-z

Stanisław Surma, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Maciej Banach

{"title":"Whether and Why Do We Need a Vaccine Against Atherosclerosis? Can We Expect It Anytime Soon?","authors":"Stanisław Surma, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Maciej Banach","doi":"10.1007/s11883-023-01186-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-023-01186-z","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a leading cause of premature death. Lipid disorders, particularly elevated serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), contribute significantly to ASCVD. The risk of developing ASCVD is influenced by the duration of exposure to elevated LDL-C concentrations (cholesterol-years concept). Implementing lipid-lowering treatments based on the principles of \"the earlier the better,\" \"the lower the better,\" and \"the longer the better\" has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk and significantly extend lifespan. Despite the availability of numerous lipid-lowering drugs, achieving satisfactory control of lipid disorders remains very challenging. Therefore, there is a need for novel approaches to improve treatment adherence.Recent findings: One promising solution under investigation is the development of an anti-PCSK9 vaccine, which could be administered annually to provide long-term control over LDL-C concentrations. Experimental studies and the sole clinical trial conducted thus far have demonstrated that the anti-PCSK9 vaccine induces a durable immune response associated with lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Furthermore, it has exhibited good tolerability and a satisfactory safety profile. However, we still need data from phase 2, 3, and cardiovascular outcome trial to confirm its safety and efficacy and add value in the armamentarium of available and perspective lipid-lowering drugs. This article highlights the significance of developing an anti-PCSK9 vaccine and provides an overview of the current knowledge on various anti-PCSK9 vaccines.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"59-71"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139073610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipoprotein(a): from Causality to Treatment. 脂蛋白（a）：从成因到治疗。

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01187-6

Florian Kronenberg

{"title":"Lipoprotein(a): from Causality to Treatment.","authors":"Florian Kronenberg","doi":"10.1007/s11883-024-01187-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-024-01187-6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: This paper reviews the evidence why lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) is a causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease and how high Lp(a) concentrations should be managed now and with an outlook to the future.Review findings: No optimal and widely available animal models exist to study the causality of the association between Lp(a) and cardiovascular disease. This has been a major handicap for the entire field. However, genetic studies turned the page. Already in the early 1990s, the principle of Mendelian randomization studies was applied for the first time ever (even if they were not named so at that time). Genetic variants of the LPA gene such as the apolipoprotein(a) isoform size, the number and sum of kringle IV repeats and later single nucleotide polymorphisms are strongly associated with life-long exposure to high Lp(a) concentrations as well as cardiovascular outcomes. This evidence provided a basis for the development of specific Lp(a)-lowering drugs that are currently in clinical testing phase. Lp(a) is one of the most important genetically determined risk factors for cardiovascular disease. With the specific Lp(a)-lowering therapies, we might get tools to fight this common risk factor in case the outcome trials will be positive.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"75-82"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139511520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How Will Our Practice Change After the CLEAR Outcomes Trial? CLEAR 成果试验后，我们的实践会有什么变化？

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-024-01188-5

Timothy Abrahams, Adam J Nelson, Stephen J Nicholls

{"title":"How Will Our Practice Change After the CLEAR Outcomes Trial?","authors":"Timothy Abrahams, Adam J Nelson, Stephen J Nicholls","doi":"10.1007/s11883-024-01188-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-024-01188-5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Bempedoic acid is a novel therapeutic agent that is designed to reduce levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The purpose of this review is to provide the background for development of bempedoic acid, findings from clinical trials and to discuss clinical implications.Recent findings: Bempedoic acid inhibits ATP citrate lyase within the liver and reduces cholesterol synthesis, with the potential to avoid muscle symptoms experienced by patients treated with statins. Early clinical studies demonstrated that administration of bempedoic acid resulted in lowering of LDL-C by 20-30% as monotherapy and by 40-50% when combined with ezetimibe, in addition to lowering of high sensitivity C-reactive protein by 20-30%. The CLEAR Outcomes trial of high cardiovascular risk patients, with elevated LDL-C levels and either unable or unwilling to take statins demonstrated that bempedoic acid reduced the rate of major adverse cardiovascular events. A greater incidence of elevation of hepatic transaminase and creatinine, gout, and cholelithiasis were consistently observed in bempedoic acid-treated patients. Bempedoic acid presents an additional therapeutic option to achieve more effective lowering of LDL-C levels and reduction in cardiovascular risk.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10881600/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139641744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Targeting the Gut Microbiome to Treat Cardiometabolic Disease. 针对肠道微生物组治疗心脏代谢疾病。

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01183-2

Panagiotis Theofilis, Panayotis K Vlachakis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Konstantinos Tsioufis, Dimitris Tousoulis

{"title":"Targeting the Gut Microbiome to Treat Cardiometabolic Disease.","authors":"Panagiotis Theofilis, Panayotis K Vlachakis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Konstantinos Tsioufis, Dimitris Tousoulis","doi":"10.1007/s11883-023-01183-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-023-01183-2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: Cardiometabolic diseases, which include obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, constitute a worldwide health crisis of unparalleled proportions. The human gut microbiota has emerged as a prominent topic of inquiry in the search for novel treatment techniques. This review summarizes current research on the potential of addressing the gut microbiota to treat cardiometabolic disease.Recent findings: Recent studies have highlighted a complex link between the gut microbiota and host physiology, shedding light on the several processes through which gut microorganisms impact metabolic health, inflammation, and cardiovascular function. Furthermore, a growing corpus of research is available on microbiome-based therapies such as dietary interventions, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation. These therapies show promise as methods for reshaping the gut microbiota and, as a result, improving cardiometabolic outcomes. However, hurdles remain, ranging from the intricacies of microbiome research to the necessity for tailored treatments that take individual microbial variations into consideration, emphasizing the significance of furthering research to bridge the gap between microbiome science and clinical practice. The gut microbiome is a beacon of hope for improving the management of cardiometabolic disease in the age of precision medicine, since its association with their pathophysiology is constantly being unraveled and strengthened. Available studies point to the potential of gut microbiome-based therapeutics, which remains to be tested in appropriately designed clinical trials. Further preclinical research is, however, essential to provide answers to the existing obstacles, with the ultimate goal of enhancing patient care.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"25-34"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139097458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Obicetrapib: Reversing the Tide of CETP Inhibitor Disappointments. Obicetrapib：扭转 CETP 抑制剂令人失望的趋势。

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01184-1

John J P Kastelein, Andrew Hsieh, Mary R Dicklin, Marc Ditmarsch, Michael H Davidson

{"title":"Obicetrapib: Reversing the Tide of CETP Inhibitor Disappointments.","authors":"John J P Kastelein, Andrew Hsieh, Mary R Dicklin, Marc Ditmarsch, Michael H Davidson","doi":"10.1007/s11883-023-01184-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-023-01184-1","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To discuss the history of cardiovascular outcomes trials of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitors and to describe obicetrapib, a next-generation, oral, once-daily, low-dose CETP inhibitor in late-stage development for dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).Recent findings: Phase 1 and 2 trials have evaluated the safety and lipid/lipoprotein effects of obicetrapib as monotherapy, in conjunction with statins, on top of high-intensity statins (HIS), and with ezetimibe on top of HIS. In ROSE2, 10 mg obicetrapib monotherapy and combined with 10 mg ezetimibe, each on top of HIS, significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), apolipoprotein B, total LDL particles, small LDL particles, small, dense LDL-C, and lipoprotein (a), and increased HDL-C. Phase 3 pivotal registration trials including a cardiovascular outcomes trial are underway. Obicetrapib has an excellent safety and tolerability profile and robustly lowers atherogenic lipoproteins and raises HDL-C. As such, obicetrapib may be a promising agent for the treatment of ASCVD.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"35-44"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10838241/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138828665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Body Fat Depletion: the Yin Paradigm for Treating Type 2 Diabetes. 消耗体内脂肪：治疗 2 型糖尿病的阴范例。

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01181-4

Jingjing Zhu, John P H Wilding

{"title":"Body Fat Depletion: the Yin Paradigm for Treating Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Jingjing Zhu, John P H Wilding","doi":"10.1007/s11883-023-01181-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11883-023-01181-4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose of review: To highlight that body fat depletion (the Yin paradigm) with glucose-lowering treatments (the Yang paradigm) are associated with metabolic benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Recent findings: The sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor-mediated sodium/glucose deprivation can directly improve glycemic control and kidney outcome in patients with T2DM. The glucose deprivation might also promote systemic fatty acid β-oxidation to deplete ectopic/visceral fat and thereby contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. As with metabolic surgery, bioengineered incretin-based medications with potent anorexigenic and insulinotropic efficacy can significantly reduce blood glucose as well as body weight (especially in the ectopic/visceral fat depots). The latter effects could be a key contributor to their cardiovascular-renal protective effects. In addition to a healthy diet, the newer glucose-lowering medications, with body fat reduction effects, should be prioritized when treating patients with T2DM, especially for those with established cardiovascular/renal risks or diseases.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10776473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139039639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk Stratification and Treatment of Obesity for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease 为心血管疾病的一级和二级预防进行风险分层和肥胖症治疗

IF 5.8 2区医学

Current Atherosclerosis Reports Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-023-01182-3

John W. Ostrominski, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley

{"title":"Risk Stratification and Treatment of Obesity for Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease","authors":"John W. Ostrominski, Tiffany M. Powell-Wiley","doi":"10.1007/s11883-023-01182-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-023-01182-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3>In this review, we discuss contemporary and emerging approaches for risk stratification and management of excess adiposity for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3>Obesity is simultaneously a pandemic-scale disease and major risk factor for the incidence and progression of a wide range of cardiometabolic conditions, but risk stratification and treatment remain clinically challenging. However, sex-, race-, and ethnicity-sensitive anthropometric measures, body composition–focused imaging, and health burden–centric staging systems have emerged as important facilitators of holistic risk prediction. Further, expanding therapeutic approaches, including comprehensive lifestyle programs, anti-obesity pharmacotherapies, device/endoscopy-based interventions, metabolic surgery, and novel healthcare delivery resources offer new empowerment for cardiovascular risk reduction in individuals with obesity.<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3>Personalized risk stratification and weight management are central to reducing the lifetime prevalence and impact of cardiovascular disease. Further evidence informing long-term safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of novel approaches targeting obesity are critically needed.","PeriodicalId":10875,"journal":{"name":"Current Atherosclerosis Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139070736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0