Current Medical Mycology最新文献

{"title":"Direct molecular analysis of <i>Malassezia</i> species from the clinical samples of patients with pityriasis versicolor.","authors":"Esmaeil Eghtedarnejad,&nbsp;Somayeh Khajeh,&nbsp;Kamiar Zomorodian,&nbsp;Zeinab Ghasemi,&nbsp;Somayeh Yazdanpanah,&nbsp;Marjan Motamedi","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.345029.1398","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.345029.1398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Species identification of <i>Malassezia</i> using culture-dependent methods is time-consuming due to their fastidious growth requirements. This study aimed to evaluate a rapid and accurate molecular method in order to diagnose the pityriasis versicolor (PV) and identify <i>Malassezia</i> species from direct clinical samples.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Skin scraping or tape samples from patients with PV and healthy volunteers as the control group were collected. Diagnosis of PV was confirmed by direct microscopic examination. The DNA extraction was performed according to the steel-bullet beating method. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay using <i>Hha</i>I restriction enzyme was applied for the identification and differentiation of <i>Malassezia</i> species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PCR method was able to detect <i>Malassezia</i> in 92.1% of specimens which were also confirmed with microscopic examination. Statistically, a significant association was observed between the results of the two assays (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Moderate agreement was identified between the two methods to diagnose the PV in both populations (Kappa: 0.55). Considering microscopic examination as the gold standard method for confirmation of PV, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value values of the PCR assay for recognition of PV were 85%, 75%, 92%, and 60%, respectively. <i>M. globosa</i> and <i>M. restricta</i> were the most prevalent species isolated from patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the two-step molecular method based on the amplification of the D1/D2 domain and digestion of the PCR product by one restriction enzyme was able to diagnose and identify <i>Malassezia</i> directly from clinical samples. Consequently, it can be said that the molecular-based method provides more facilities to identify fastidious species, such as <i>M. restricta</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"28-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590189/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rise of mucormycosis during the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges faced.","authors":"Malavika Kottarathil,&nbsp;Premamalini Thayanidhi,&nbsp;Sathyamurthy P,&nbsp;Anupma Jyoti Kindo","doi":"10.18502/cmm.2023.345032.1400","DOIUrl":"10.18502/cmm.2023.345032.1400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mucormycosis (previously called zygomycosis) is a diverse group of increasingly recognized and frequently fatal mycotic diseases caused by members of the class zygomycetes. Mucormycosis is around 80 times more common in India, compared to other developed countries, with a frequency of 0.14 cases per 1,000 population. The most frequent causative agent of mucormycosis is the following genera from the Order <i>Mucorales Rhizopus</i>, <i>Mucor</i>, <i>Rhizomucor</i>, <i>Absidia</i>, <i>Apophysomyces</i>, <i>Cunninghamella</i>, and <i>Saksenaea</i>. The major risk factors for the development of mucormycosis are diabetic ketoacidosis, deferoxamine treatment, cancer, solid organ or bone marrow transplantations, prolonged steroid use, extreme malnutrition, and neutropenia. The common clinical forms of mucormycosis are rhino-orbital-cerebral, pulmonary, cutaneous, and gastrointestinal. During the second wave of COVID-19, there was a rapid increase in mucormycosis with more severity than before. Amphotericin B is currently found to be an effective drug as it is found to have a broad-spectrum activity and posaconazole is used as a salvage therapy. Newer triazole isavuconazole is also found effective against mucormycosis. This study aimed to review various studies on the laboratory diagnosis and treatment of mucormycosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"44-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590187/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical appraisal of mucormycosis in COVID- 19 patients in a tertiary care centre in India.","authors":"Sujata Raychaudhuri,&nbsp;Juhi Taneja,&nbsp;Jaseetha Sasidharan,&nbsp;Mukta Pujani,&nbsp;Kanika Singh,&nbsp;Tathagata Chatterjee,&nbsp;Manjula Jain,&nbsp;Rajkumar Chandoke,&nbsp;Anil Rai,&nbsp;Zafar Abbas,&nbsp;Asim Das","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150667","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Morbidity and mortality of opportunistic fungal infections in COVID-19 patients are less studied and defined. The patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, broad-spectrum antibiotics, corticosteroids, and invasive and non-invasive ventilation are the high-risk groups.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The demographic profile as well as clinical and radiological findings of all the patients with COVID-19 suspected of Mucormycosis (MM) were recorded. The tissue samples from all the patients were sent for microbiological (KOH mount and culture) and histopathological analysis for confirmation of MM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 45 COVID-19 patients suspected of MM were included in the study and MM was confirmed in 42 patients. The mean age of the patients was 50.30±14.17 years with a female: male ratio of 1.1:1. The most common symptom was headache (52.38%) followed by purulent nasal discharge (38.09%) and facial pain in 33.33% of the cases. The ocular symptoms included a diminution of vision (33.33%) and redness of the eye (2.38%). The most common site of involvement was rhino-orbital (42.85%) followed by sinonasal (23.80%) and rhino cerebral (19.04%). Majority (38.09%) of the patients were diagnosed with stage II of Rhino-orbital-cerebral Mucormycosis (ROCM) based on radiology. A history of diabetes mellitus and steroids was present in 97.61% and 85.71% of the cases, respectively. Moreover, KOH was positive for MM in 97.61% of the cases while the culture was positive in only 35.71% of the cases. In addition, on histopathology, MM was confirmed in 64.28 % of the cases. Mixed growth with <i>Aspergillus</i> species and <i>Rhizopus</i> species was observed in 14.28% of the cases in culture and 11.90% of the cases in histopathology test. Furthermore, angioinvasion was found in 23.80% of the cases according to the histopathology test.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results, the most common conditions associated with MM in COVID-19 patients were diabetes mellitus and steroid therapy. A high level of clinical suspicion aided with diagnostic tests, including KOH mount, culture, histopathology, and radiology which helped the early detection of opportunistic fungal infection in COVID-19 patients to ensure timely treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal activity of <i>Gracilaria corticata</i> methanol extract against <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>, <i>Microsporum canis</i>, and <i>Microsporum gypseum</i> on rat dermatophytosis models.","authors":"Asiyeh Shojaee,&nbsp;Alireza Jahandideh,&nbsp;Ayatollah Nasrollahi Omran,&nbsp;Nakisa Sohrabi Haghdoost,&nbsp;Mehrzad Khosravi","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150672","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Dermatophytosis is one of the most prevalent zoonotic diseases. Increased resistance of dermatophytosis-causing pathogens against antidermatophytic agents highlights the need for alternative medicine with higher efficiency and lower side effects. In the present study, the <i>in vitro</i> antifungal activities of different concentrations of <i>Gracilaria corticata</i> methanol extract against <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>, <i>Microsporum canis</i>, and <i>Microsporum gypseum</i> were assessed and their efficacy was evaluated in rat dermatophytosis models.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The broth microdilution and well diffusion methods were used to determine the <i>in vitro</i> antidermatophytic activity. The <i>in vivo</i> study was carried out using 40 dermatophytosis-infected adults male Wistar rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups (5% and 10% <i>G. corticata</i> ointment, terbinafine, and Vaseline) and treated with ointment until complete recovery. The percentage of wound closure was calculated for each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that <i>G. corticata</i> methanol extract was effective to varying extents against the tested dermatophytes. The highest inhibitory activity of <i>G. corticata</i> was found against <i>T. mentagrophytes</i> with minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum fungicidal concentration values of 4 and 9 µg mL^-1, respectively. The <i>in vivo</i> experiment revealed that 10% <i>G. corticata</i> ointment significantly accelerated skin lesions reduction and completely cured <i>M. gypseum</i>, <i>T. mentagrophytes</i>, and <i>M. canis</i> infections after 19, 25, and 38 days, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The methanol extract of <i>G. corticata</i> exhibited significant antifungal activity <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>, suggesting that it could be used as an alternative to antidermatophytic therapy in a dose-dependent manner.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enablers of <i>Candida auris</i> persistence on medical devices and their mode of eradication.","authors":"Kingsley Chukwuemeka Nwachukwu,&nbsp;Ebubechukwu Nwarunma,&nbsp;Chinaza David Uchenna,&nbsp;Ositadinma Chinyere Ugbogu","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150673","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Candida auris</i> is an emerging pathogen predominantly isolated from immunocompromised patients, hospitalized for a long time. It inhabits the skin surfaces of patients causing ear, wound, and systemic infections; if not treated properly, it could lead to severe mortality. Apart from being a skin pathogen, <i>C. auris</i> colonizes the surfaces of medical devices. Medical devices are hospital tools and components often utilized for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases associated with human skin. The mechanism of survival and persistence of <i>C. auris</i> on medical devices has remained unclear and is a serious concern for clinicians. The persistence of <i>C. auris</i> on medical devices has deterred its effective elimination, hindered the treatment of infections, and increased its antifungal resistance. Evidence has shown that a few surface molecules on the cell wall of <i>C. auris</i> and the extracellular matrix of the biofilm are responsible for its persistence and exist as enablers. Due to the increased cases of ear, skin, and systemic infections as well as death resulting from the spread of <i>C. auris</i> in hospitals, there is a need to study these enablers. This review focused on the identification of the enablers and aimed to evaluate them in relation to their ability to induce persistence in <i>C. auris</i>. In order to reduce the spread of or completely eliminate <i>C. auris</i> and its enablers in hospitals, the efficacy of disinfection and sterilization methods were compared.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"36-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Port implantation-related bloodstream infection caused by <i>Wickerhamomyces myanmarensis</i>: A case report.","authors":"Ali Aminasnafi,&nbsp;Sadegh Khodavaisy,&nbsp;Maryam Moslem,&nbsp;Marziye Esmaeilpour Jouneghani,&nbsp;Fatemeh Sarbandi,&nbsp;Mahsa Falahatinejad,&nbsp;Bahareh Bashardoust,&nbsp;Hamid Badali,&nbsp;Neda Kiasat","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150671","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong><i>Wickerhamomyces myanmarensis</i> is a new opportunistic yeast previously named <i>Pichai myanmarensis</i>, which belongs to the order Saccharomycetales. Since its discovery, one environmental isolate of <i>W. myanmarensis</i> has been reported from Myanmar, and one clinical sample from Iran.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a case of bloodstream infection related to an implantable venous access port. <i>W. myanmarensis</i> was isolated from patient's blood after chemotherapy, which was meant to control and heal T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Broth dilution minimum inhibitory concentrations were performed according to the CLSI M27-A3 document. The patient recovered with intravenous voriconazole and was discharged with the recommended prescription of oral voriconazole as a maintenance drug.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>So far, only one case of <i>W. myanmarensis</i> fungemia has been reported in the world in 2019. This is the second case of bloodstream infection with this yeast from a patient undergoing chemotherapy in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"32-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predominance of <i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i> causing tinea capitis: A 12-year retrospective study in the north of Iran.","authors":"Mohammad T Hedayati,&nbsp;Firoozeh Kermani,&nbsp;Javad Javidnia,&nbsp;Mahmood Moosazadeh,&nbsp;Mohsen Nosratabadi,&nbsp;Maryam Salimi,&nbsp;Sabrieh Asadi,&nbsp;Elham Mosayebi,&nbsp;Zohreh Hajheydari,&nbsp;Masoud Golpour,&nbsp;Ghasem Rahmatpour Rokni,&nbsp;Armaghan Kazemi Nejad,&nbsp;Tahereh Shokohi,&nbsp;Felix Bongomin","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.345026.1395","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.345026.1395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Among different clinical entities of dermatophytosis, tinea capitis (TC) is considered a major public health challenge in the world, especially in regions with poor health and low income. Therefore, this study aimed to provide a retrospective analysis of the patients suspected of TC who were referred to the medical mycology laboratory of Mazandaran, a northern province of Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was performed on the patients suspected of TC who were referred to the medical mycology laboratory from July 2009 to April 2022. Hair roots and skin scrapings were collected from the participants. The laboratory diagnosis was confirmed by direct microscopic examination and culture. Finally, 921 out of 11095 (8.3%) patients were suspected of TC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the findings, TC was confirmed in 209 out of 921 patients (22.7%). In terms of gender, 209 TC patients (75.1%) were male. Moreover, the male to female ratio of TC patients was 1:3.0. <i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i> (146/174, 83.91%) was the most etiological agent, followed by <i>T. mentagrophytes</i> (13/174, 7.47%), <i>T. violaceum</i> (9/174, 5.17%), <i>Microsporum canis</i> (3/174, 1.71%), <i>T. verrucosum</i> (2/174, 1.15%) and <i>T. rubrum</i> (1/174, 0.57%). Besides, endothrix (77.0%) was the most prevalent type of hair invasion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results revealed the predominance of <i>T. tonsurans</i>, as a causative agent of TC. Despite the prevalence of TC, the absence of appropriate consideration highlights that it is a neglected complication among children.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of proteases produced by <i>Aspergillus</i> micromycetes active against proteins of the hemostasis system.","authors":"Daria Surkova,&nbsp;Viktoria Lavrenova,&nbsp;Sergey Klyagin,&nbsp;Anna Shestakova,&nbsp;Alexander Osmolovsky","doi":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150674","DOIUrl":"10.18502/CMM.2023.150674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>For these intents, proteases cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of death; hence, accurate diagnosis and treatment are urgently required are regarded as prospective agents . High substrate specificity is needed for an effective enzyme, which makes <i>Aspergillus</i> micromycetes, known for producing proteases with precise action, biotechnologically promising. This study mainly aimed to look at the possibilities of <i>Aspergillus</i> species, which had never been mentioned in terms of general proteolytics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Every species was cultivated in two-stage submerged conditions with two different nitrogen sources; whereupon, proteolytic activity in culture fluid was determined. Chromogenic peptide substrates and fibrin plates were used to evaluate the thrombin, plasmin, factor Xa, urokinase, protein C-like, activating activities towards hemostasis proteins, as well as fibrinolytic and plasminogen-activating activities of these species.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was found that <i>A. aureolatus</i> and <i>A. tennesseensis</i> are active proteolytics exhibiting plasmin-like activities (116.17 and 87.09 U×10^-3, respectively), factor Xa-like activity (76.27 and 77.92 U×10^-3, respectively) and urokinase activity (85.99 and 59.91 U×10^-3, respectively). The thrombin-like activity was found for <i>A. tabacinus</i> (50.37 U×10^-3), and protein C-like activity was noticeable for <i>A. creber</i>, <i>A. jensenii</i>, <i>A. protuberus</i>, and <i>A. ruber</i> (62.90, 65.51, 73.37, and 111.85 U×10^-3, respectively). Additionally, more than half of species had the ability to directly activate plasminogen or operate as fibrinolytics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>New proteolytic strains were discovered, offering hope for the therapy of cardiovascular disorders. The high specificity and activity of fungal enzymes make them useful in a variety of fields, including medicine and diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"9 1","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> cerebral abscess following hemodialysis: A case report.","authors":"Tanu Sagar,&nbsp;Lata Sheoran,&nbsp;Ajay Prajapati,&nbsp;Bembem Khuraijam,&nbsp;Partha Pratin Jana,&nbsp;P N Pandey,&nbsp;Sonal Saxena","doi":"10.32598/CMM.2023.1323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/CMM.2023.1323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Cerebral aspergillosis is a notorious disease that causes rapid clinical deterioration and carries a poor prognosis. Therefore, it requires timely diagnosis and prompt management.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>This study reports a case of fungal cerebral abscess in a 26years old man following hemodialysis,2 months afterdengue-induced acute kidney disease. <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> was recovered from a brain abscess specimen that was subjected to a parietal craniotomy. The patient was successfully treated with oral Voriconazole 400mg BD for 2 days, followed by 200 mg BD for 3months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hemodialysis patients are at high risk offungal infections due to the frequent use of catheters or the insertion of needles to access the bloodstream. Therefore, a high index of suspicion of fungal infection is required in patients with hemodialysis by the clinician for early diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"8 4","pages":"32-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10509493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41110707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of <i>Candida</i> colonization index, molecular identification, and antifungal susceptibility pattern of <i>Candida</i> species isolated from critically ill pediatric patients: A single-center study in Iran.","authors":"Amirhossein Davari,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghi Hedayati,&nbsp;Jalal Jafarzadeh,&nbsp;Bahram Nikmanesh,&nbsp;Mojtaba Nabili,&nbsp;Amir Ali Hamidieh,&nbsp;Mahdi Abastabar,&nbsp;Nasim Ahmadi,&nbsp;Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi,&nbsp;Maryam Moazeni","doi":"10.32598/CMM.2023.1372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/CMM.2023.1372","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Given the high mortality rate of invasive candidiasis in hospitalized pediatric patients, it is crucial to establish a predictive system to achieve early diagnosis and treatment of patients who are likely to benefit from early antifungal treatment. This study aimed to assess the <i>Candida</i> colonization index, species distribution, and antifungal susceptibility pattern of <i>Candida</i> strains isolated from pediatric patients with high <i>Candida</i> colonization index (CI).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was carried out at the Children's Medical Center in Tehran-Iran. In total, 661 samples were collected from 83 patients. The <i>Candida</i> CI was calculated according to the descriptions of previous studies. The isolates were identified using polymerase chain reaction-based techniques. The Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute protocol M60 was used to conduct the antifungal susceptibility test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A colonization index greater than 0.5 was confirmed in 29 cases (58% of positive samples) with two children developing candidemia. <i>Candida albicans</i> (n=53, 49.5%) was the most common <i>Candida</i> species in patients with CI > 0.5. Except for acute lymphoblastic leukemia, no risk factors were linked to a high index in colonized children (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Twelve isolates (7.01%) were multi-azole resistant with high MICs against both isavuconazole and ravuconazole and seven strains (4.09%) were echinocandins resistant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In pediatric intensive care units, patients are at risk of fungal infection, particularly candidemia. In this study, more than half of the children with positive yeast cultures had CI > 0.5, and 6.8% developed candidemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"8 4","pages":"15-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10509495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41110708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}