Current Medical Mycology最新文献

{"title":"Mixed invasive fungal infections among COVID-19 patients.","authors":"Vanya Singh,&nbsp;Amber Prasad,&nbsp;Prasan Kumar Panda,&nbsp;Manjunath Totaganti,&nbsp;Amit Kumar Tyagi,&nbsp;Abhinav Thaduri,&nbsp;Shalinee Rao,&nbsp;Mukesh Bairwa,&nbsp;Ashok Kumar Singh","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The healthcare system in India collapsed during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A fungal epidemic was announced amid the pandemic with several cases of COVID-associated mucormycosis and pulmonary aspergillosis being reported. However, there is limited data regarding mixed fungal infections in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, we present a series of ten consecutive COVID-19 patients with mixed invasive fungal infections (MIFIs).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Among COVID-19 patients hospitalized in May 2021 at a tertiary care center in North India, 10 cases of microbiologically confirmed COVID-19-associated mucormycosis-aspergillosis (CAMA) were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had diabetes and the majority of them were infected with severe COVID-19 pneumonia (6/10, 60%) either on admission or in the past month while two were each of moderate (20%) and mild (20%) categories of COVID-19; and were treated with steroid and cocktail therapy. The patients were managed with amphotericin-B along with surgical intervention. In total, 70% of all CAMA patients (<i>Rhizopus arrhizus</i> with <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> in seven and <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> complex in three patients) survived.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings reflected the critical importance of a high index of clinical suspicion and accurate microbiological diagnosis in managing invasive dual molds and better understanding of the risk and progression of MIFIs among COVID-19 patients. Careful scrutiny and identification of MIFIs play a key role in the implementation of effective management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"7 4","pages":"19-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9837020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmic infections caused by <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i>: A case series and short review of literature.","authors":"Prachala G Rathod,&nbsp;Atul Kumar,&nbsp;Radhika Tandon,&nbsp;Nishat H Ahmed","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Although <i>Aspergillus fumigatus</i> and <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> are more commonly implicated with ocular infections; there are some saprophytic species, such as <i>Aspergillus nidulans</i> (<i>A. nidulans</i>) which may occasionally lead to serious ocular infections. There is a paucity of data on ocular infections caused by <i>A. nidulans</i>. We report a case series of three ophthalmic infections caused by <i>A. nidulans</i> from a tertiary care eye center in North India.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Three cases of ophthalmic infections, including two cases of keratitis and one case of recurrent endophthalmitis caused by <i>A. nidulans</i> were diagnosed at the ocular microbiology section of a tertiary eye care center. One case of keratitis had a history of ophthalmic surgery and underlying diabetes mellitus. The case of recurrent endophthalmitis had undergone cataract surgery in the recent past. Diminution of vision was the most common presenting feature in all three cases. The microbiological diagnosis was made by conventional microscopy and culture techniques.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case series illustrates the potential of uncommon fungal pathogens, such as <i>A. nidulans</i> to cause devastating ocular infections and has an emphasis on the importance of timely microbiological diagnosis in the management of such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40394718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of <i>Candida</i> species isolated from vulvovaginal candidiasis by MALDI-TOF with <i>in vitro</i> antifungal susceptibility profiles.","authors":"Narges Aslani,&nbsp;Roya Kokabi,&nbsp;Fatemeh Moradi,&nbsp;Kiana Abbasi,&nbsp;Narges Vaseghi,&nbsp;Mohammad Hosein Afsarian","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is an opportunistic infection due to <i>Candida</i> species, one of the most common genital tract diseases among reproductive-age women. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of VVC among non-pregnant women and identify the epidemiology of the involved <i>Candida</i> species with the evaluation of antifungal susceptibilities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) was performed to identify <i>Candida</i> species isolated from the genital tract of 350 non-pregnant women. Moreover, antifungal susceptibility testing was performed according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method guidelines (M27-A3 and M27-S4).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vaginal swab cultures of 119 (34%) women yielded <i>Candida</i> species. <i>Candida albicans</i> was the most frequently isolated species (68%), followed by <i>Candida glabrata</i> (19.2%). Voriconazole was the most active drug against all tested isolates showing an MIC50/MIC90 corresponding to 0.016/0.25 µg/mL, followed by posaconazole (0.031/1 µg/mL). Overall, resistance rates to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole were 2.4%, 4.8% and, 0.8% respectively. However, posaconazole showed potent <i>in vitro</i> activity against all tested isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of the current study showed that for the effectual therapeutic outcome of candidiasis, accurate identification of species, appropriate source control, suitable antifungal regimens, and improved antifungal stewardship are highly recommended for the management and treatment of infection with <i>Candida</i>, like VVC.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"6-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175151/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of fungal and bacterial contamination of hazelnut and determination of aflatoxin B by HPLC method in Isfahan, Iran.","authors":"Elham Saffari,&nbsp;Mahboobeh Madani,&nbsp;Vajihe Karbasizade,&nbsp;Pegah Shakib","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Due to the fact that fungal species, such as <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> and <i>Aspergillus parasiticus</i> produce carcinogenic and mutagenic aflatoxins and have the potential to produce fungal secondary metabolites, fungal contamination should be avoided. This study was conducted using the HPLC method and aimed to examine the fungal contamination of Isfahan hazelnuts in order to identify the presence of Aflatoxins.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 100 samples of hazelnuts were randomly collected from supermarkets in Isfahan. The samples were then cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar media and analyzed to determine fungal contaminations. The aflatoxin analysis was carried out using the HPLC method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was discovered that nine genera of fungi, namely <i>Aspergillus</i>, <i>Penicillium</i>, <i>Rhizopus</i>, <i>Ulocladium</i>, <i>Alternaria</i>, <i>Drechselera</i>, <i>Trichothecium</i>, <i>Scopulariopsis</i>, and <i>Mucor</i> were identified in 78% of the samples. Samples contaminated with <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> (22 samples) were studied to determine the presence of aflatoxin. The results showed that 16 (72.72%) of the samples were contaminated with AFB1, AFB2, and AFG2 and the mean concentrations were 0.926, 0.563, and 0.155 ng/g, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some parameters that affect mycotoxin production are temperature, food substrate, the strain of the mold, and other environmental factors. Due to the toxigenic quality of some of these fungi and their hazard to human health, it is crucial that fungal contamination and aflatoxin identification tests are carried out before certain products are made available to the mass market.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis related to occupational roofing: A case report of two brothers.","authors":"Martin Gnoni,&nbsp;Timothy McCann,&nbsp;Adrian Riva-Moscoso,&nbsp;Fortunato S Príncipe-Meneses,&nbsp;Diego Chambergo-Michilot","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong><i>Histoplasma capsulatum</i> is the cause of a prevalent fungal disease in certain regions in the United States of America, like Ohio and the Mississippi River. Its clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic to life-threatening diseases, according to the immune system. A definitive diagnosis is made by biopsy.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Two middle-aged brothers presented with a nine-day history of severe progressive dyspnea. Both were living in Cincinnati, Ohio, and encountered bird droppings 7 days prior to symptoms while working on a roofing project. It should be mentioned that they were not wearing masks. After extensive testing, they were diagnosed with acute pulmonary histoplasmosis. Both were successfully treated with azole-derivative fungal therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first case of histoplasmosis acquired through occupational exposure related to roofing and is unique given the two patients were siblings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"34-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, risk factors, species distribution, and antifungal susceptibility of candidemia among hospitalized patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Hasti Kamali Sarvestani,&nbsp;Shahram Mahmoudi,&nbsp;Pegah Afarinesh Khaki,&nbsp;Saham Ansari,&nbsp;Sara Ghaderkhani,&nbsp;Davoud Roostaei,&nbsp;Roshanak Daei Ghazvini,&nbsp;Seyed Jamal Hashemi,&nbsp;Zahra Rafat,&nbsp;Alireza Abollahi","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The pandemic of COVID-19 has caused a worldwide health crisis. Candidemia is a potentially lethal condition that has not yet been enough discussed in patients with COVID-19. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of candidemia among Iranian COVID-19 patients and characterize its causative agents and the antifungal susceptibility pattern.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The present cross-sectional survey was carried out from March 2020 to March 2021 at Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Blood specimens were obtained from patients with confirmed coronavirus infection who also had criteria for candidemia and were examined for any <i>Candida</i> species by conventional and molecular techniques. Susceptibility of isolates to amphotericin B, voriconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, caspofungin, and 5-flucytosine was tested using the CLSI broth dilution technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 153 patients with COVID-19 were included and candidemia was confirmed in 12 (7.8 %) of them. The majority of patients were ≥ 50 years of age (n=9) and female (n=8). Moreover, 6 out of the 12 patients were diabetic. The presence of central venous catheters, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation was observed in all patients. The <i>C. albicans</i> (n=7, 58.3 %) and <i>C. dubliniensis</i> (n=2, 16.7%) were the most common isolated species. Amphotericin B and 5-flucytosine were the most active drugs. Despite antifungal treatment, 4 out of 12 patients (33.3 %) died.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to the high mortality, the early diagnosis and proper treatment of candidemia are essential requirements for optimal clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal pulmonary <i>Scedosporium aurantiacum</i> infection in a patient after near-drowning: A case report.","authors":"Roya Ghasemian,&nbsp;Azadeh Bandegani,&nbsp;Firoozeh Kermani,&nbsp;Leila Faeli,&nbsp;Behrad Roohi,&nbsp;Elham Yousefi-Abdolmaleki,&nbsp;Mohammad T Hedayati,&nbsp;Emmanuel Roilides,&nbsp;Tahereh Shokohi","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong><i>Scedosporium</i> spp. is a saprophytic fungus that may cause invasive pulmonary infection due to the aspiration of contaminated water in both immunosuppressed and immunocompetent hosts.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>Herein, we report a fatal case of pulmonary infection caused by <i>Scedosporium</i> species associated with a car crash and near-drowning in a sewage canal. <i>Scedosporium aurantiacum</i> isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage was identified by PCR-sequencing of <i>β-tubulin</i> genes. The minimum inhibitory concentration values for amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazole were >16 µg/ml, and >8 µg/ml for anidulafungin, micafungin, and caspofungin. Voriconazole was found to be the most active agent with a MIC of 1 µg/ml.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This report, as the first case of pulmonary scedosporiosis after near-drowning in Iran, highlights the importance of high suspicion in near-drowning victims, prompt identification of <i>Scedosporium</i> spp., and early initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"38-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of <i>Allium cepa</i> loaded polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl pyrrolidone nanofibers on <i>Candida albicans</i> growth and the expression of <i>CDR1</i> and <i>CDR2</i> genes.","authors":"Azam Nademi,&nbsp;Masoomeh Shams-Ghahfarokhi,&nbsp;Mehdi Razzaghi-Abyaneh","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.4.8408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.4.8408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effect of <i>Allium cepa</i> ethanolic extract (ACE) loaded polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) nanofibers on <i>Candida albicans</i> (<i>C. albicans</i>) <i>CDR1</i> and <i>CDR2</i> genes expression.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ACE against <i>C. albicans</i> ATCC 10231 and clinical fluconazole (FLC)-resistant <i>C. albicans</i> PFCC 93-902 were determined using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) protocol (M27-Ed4) at a concentration range of 45.3-5800 µg/ml. The nanofibers containing ACE (60 wt%) were fabricated using the electrospinning technique. The expression of the <i>CDR1</i> and <i>CDR2</i> genes was studied in the fungus exposed to ACE-loaded nanofibers and 0.5×MIC concentration of FLC using the real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MIC₅₀ and MIC₉₀ of ACE against FLC-resistant <i>C. albicans</i> were 725 and 1450 μg/mL, respectively. The expression of <i>CDR1</i> (4.5-fold) and <i>CDR2</i> (6.3-fold) were down-regulated after the exposure of FLC-resistant <i>C. albicans</i> to ACE-loaded nanofibers (<i>P</i><0.05). Furthermore, the expression of <i>CDR1</i> (2.8-fold) and <i>CDR2</i> (3.2-fold) were up-regulated in FLC-treated <i>C. albicans</i> (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results revealed that nanofibers containing ACE interact with drug-resistant genes expressed in <i>C. albicans</i>. Further studies are recommended to investigate the mode of action and other biological activities of ACE-loaded nanofibers against <i>C. albicans</i> and other pathogenic fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":" ","pages":"28-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9175147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40395146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High incidence of azole resistance among Candida albicans and C. glabrata isolates in Northeastern Iran","authors":"H. Zarrinfar, Z. Kord, A. Fata","doi":"10.18502/cmm.7.3.7801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/cmm.7.3.7801","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: Resistance to antifungal drugs is increasing among Candida isolates from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). Lack of correct diagnosis of Candida causing VVC and the experimental use of antifungal drugs are the main causes of this resistance. This study aimed to determine the susceptibility of antifungal drugs against Candida species isolated from VVC in Northeastern Iran. Materials and Methods: Among women suspected of VVC, 189 vaginal discharge specimens were evaluated. Candida isolates detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism were examined by standard antifungal disk diffusion susceptibility testing method for voriconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, and ketoconazole. The susceptibility pattern of these antifungals was reported as sensitive, susceptible dose-dependent, and resistant. The results were evaluated by SPSS software and analyzed by Pearson chi-squared test. Results: Among the vaginal specimens, 108 out of 189 Candida isolates were identified as C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. kefyr, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis. The susceptibility rates of Candida isolates to voriconazole, ketoconazole, itraconazole, and fluconazole were 92.6%, 90.7%, 68.5%, and 63.9%, respectively. Moreover, the resistance rates to fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, and itraconazole were 15.7%, 8.3%, 1.9%, and 1.9%, respectively. The C. glabrata and C. albicans isolates were resistant to antifungal discs among 93% and 20% of the specimens, respectively. Conclusion: The C. glabrata and C. albicans species showed the highest resistance to antifungal drugs. Furthermore, Candida isolates showed the highest sensitivity to voriconazole and ketoconazole and the lowest sensitivity to fluconazole.","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"67 1","pages":"18 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90763627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical composition and antifungal activities of aromatic water of Zataria multiflora Boiss.","authors":"Ali Arabi Monfared, Maryam Yazdanpanah, Z. Zareshahrabadi, K. Pakshir, Mehdi Ghahartars, D. Mehrabani, Samira Yazdanpanah, A. Iraji, K. Zomorodian","doi":"10.18502/CMM.7.3.7255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18502/CMM.7.3.7255","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Purpose: In Iranian culture, aromatic waters harboring a slight amount of essential oil have been popularly used for many years as a pleasant non-alcoholic drink with various medicinal properties. In this study, chemical composition of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (ZM) aromatic water was determined and its in vitro and in vivo antifungal properties were investigated. Materials and Methods: Chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from aromatic water (AW) of ZM was analyzed by Gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antimicrobial activity of the AW against Candida species was determined by broth micro-dilution methods. Additionally, biofilm formation inhibition and antioxidant activity of the AW were measured using XTT reduction and DPPH methods, respectively. Antifungal activities of the AW in the prevention and/or treatment of gastrointestinal (GI) candidiasis in animal models were also evaluated. Results: The GC-MS analysis revealed that the major constituents of ZM AW were Carvacrol (46.56%) and Thymol (40.67%). The ZM AW inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of Candida species in the range of 0.25-0.5 V/V. Moreover, ZM AW significantly decreased Candida colonization in therapeutic groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Given the wide therapeutic potential of ZM AW, including antifungal and antioxidant activities, it might be possible to use it in the management of mucocutaneous or alimentary candidiasis.","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"58 1","pages":"29 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80205637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}