Current Medical Mycology最新文献

{"title":"Challenges and future strategies for management of otomycosis caused by <i>Fusarium</i> species: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Iman Haghani, Zahra Taheri Rizi, Firoozeh Kermani, Javad Javidnia, Mona Ghazanfari, Behrad Roohi, Maryam Ghafari, Mohammad Taghi Hedayati, Shaghayegh Khojasteh, Gholamreza Shokoohi, Mohsen Nosratabadi, Mahdi Abastabar, Suzana Otasevic, Zahra Farokhi, Hamid Badali, Abdullah M S Al-Hatmi","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345494.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/cmm.2025.345494.172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Otomycosis caused by <i>Fusarium</i> species has been increasingly documented in recent years. This study aimed at an overview of clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, treatment alternatives, epidemiology, and future management strategies for this infection.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted in five scientific databases from 1966 to July 2023. The keywords included \"<i>Fusarium</i>\", \"fusariosis\", \"otomycosis\", \"otitis externa\", \"ear disorder\", and \"ear infection\". After title and abstract screening, 354 papers advanced to full-text screening; subsequently, 343 were excluded as non-relevant or case reports, leaving 11 studies to be included in this review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Fusarium</i> otomycosis primarily occurs in healthy individuals, particularly those with diabetes or a history of trauma or ear infections. Clinical symptoms include pruritus, pain, otorrhea, hearing loss, and external ear canal inflammation. Diagnosis mainly uses conventional methods, though molecular techniques offer accurate species identification. Treatment is challenging due to resistance to traditional antifungals; however, topical agents, like terbinafine, voriconazole, amphotericin B, and natamycin, show promise in management. In this review, the pooled prevalence of otomycosis due to <i>Fusarium</i> species is estimated at 2.3 (95% CI= 1.2-3.7).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings indicated that otomycosis caused by <i>Fusarium</i> species is an emerging clinical entity that warrants attention. Considering the resistance of <i>Fusarium</i> species to most currently available antifungal drug classes, physician awareness and proper diagnostic techniques are essential for timely diagnosis, accurate identification, and appropriate management of this infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13110377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147765155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of virulence factors between invasive and non-invasive clinical isolates of <i>Candida</i> spp.","authors":"Bryan Zamora, Lizeth Salazar, Marcelo Grijalva, Tatiana Lara, Patricia Jiménez, María José Vallejo-López","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1628","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Invasive fungal infections have high morbidity and mortality rates, with <i>Candida</i> species being the leading cause in hospitalized patients. Virulence factors, such as adhesion, enzyme secretion, and biofilm formation, play a major role in <i>Candida</i> pathogenesis. This study hypothesized that virulence factors in localized Candida infections behave differently than those in systemic infections.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study compared invasive and non-invasive <i>Candida</i> clinical isolates in terms of biofilm formation and enzymatic activity in. Biofilm mass and metabolic activity were assessed using crystal violet and XTT assays, while phospholipase and protease activities were measured in specific media. Qualitative biofilm characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy and scanning confocal laser microscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Candida</i> isolates from invasive infections showed higher bulk biofilm production and metabolic activity, compared to localized infection isolates. Bulk biofilm production and metabolic activity were notably higher in systemic infections, compared to those in localized infections. Non-<i>albicans</i> <i>Candida</i> species exhibited a higher biofilm-forming capacity and metabolic activity, emphasizing their potential for more invasive infections. Conversely, hydrolytic enzyme production was higher in localized infection isolates, compared to that in systemic infection. Phospholipase activity showed no significant differences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The differences in enzymatic activity observed in isolates from various anatomical sites underscores the importance of considering the infection context in assessing virulence These findings highlight the role of proteases and other factors in <i>Candida</i> invasiveness, contributing new insights into <i>Candida</i> virulence factors in Ecuador.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Candida auris</i> as an emerging fungal pathogen: Is climate change a perfect breeding ground for this fungal pathogen?","authors":"Raman Thakur","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1612","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, there has been an increasing level of concern regarding <i>Candida auris</i>. This fungus was initially identified in the auditory canal of an elderly Japanese woman in a medical facility in Tokyo, Japan, in 2009. Over the course of the upcoming decade, the fungus emerged concurrently on four distinct continents, with each strain exhibiting sufficient genetic distinctiveness to dispel the notion of intercontinental disease transmission. With climate change, fungal infection rates have increased throughout the world. In the Indian subcontinent, the temperature has been rising over the years, which could be the leading reason for the increase in fungal infections. Hence, it is postulated that climate change can be the breeding ground for emerging fungal pathogens as they adapt themselves to high temperatures.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limitations of inflammatory biomarkers in differentiating patients with fungal pneumonia and bacterial co-infection.","authors":"Sergey A Pogodin, Daniel F M Gonzalez, Rajkumar Rajendran, Juan U Rojo","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1602","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>With the increasing number of fungal infections due to antibiotic use and growing numbers of immunocompromised patients, it has become imperative to understand the nature of these infections. Fungal infections, however, remain largely understudied and underdiagnosed, especially when it comes to co-infections with other organisms. This study aimed to compare inflammatory biomarkers in fungal pneumonia patients with and without bacterial co-infections and analyze the frequencies of the causative bacterial and fungal organisms.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study used electronic medical records from patients diagnosed with fungal pneumonia from January 2013 to December 2023. Fungal and bacterial etiologies were identified with International Classification of Diseases-10 codes and summarized with descriptive statistics. Baseline characteristics, comorbidities, and length of stay were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Chi-squared test. Inflammatory biomarkers, including C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, procalcitonin, white blood cell count, body temperature, ferritin, and electrolytes, were collected using Current Procedural Terminology codes and compared using Chi-squared test between patients diagnosed with fungal pneumonia alone or with fungal pneumonia and bacterial co-infection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> A total of 1,024 patients were diagnosed with fungal pneumonia. The most common diagnosis among the patients was unspecified mycosis. Moreover, the most common organism-specific mycotic disease was pneumocystosis. Comorbidities, including diabetes and chronic inflammatory disease, were more common in patients with co-infection (<i>p</i> < 0.05). None of the inflammatory biomarkers investigated were statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lack of specificity of most fungal organisms responsible for pneumonia highlights the critical lack of specific diagnostic methods for fungal diseases. The results show that inflammatory biomarkers are not significantly different between fungal pneumonia patients with and without bacterial co-infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry: A breakthrough in rapid and precise mold identification.","authors":"Aparna Naik, Kanchan Ajbani, Asmita Salvi, Camilla Rodrigues, Shaoli Basu, Anjali Shetty","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1617","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Rapid and accurate identification of molds is critical in clinical microbiology, particularly for immunocompromised patients at increased risk of fungal infections. Traditional methods, such as culture and microscopy, are time-consuming and may lack species-level specificity. The matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) provides a promising alternative due to its speed and accuracy. This study aimed to standardize Vitek MS for mold identification and compare its effectiveness with traditional phenotypic methods, assessing its reliability, turnaround times, and cost-effectiveness in clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective examination of 248 anonymized mold isolates was conducted at Hinduja Hospital, with 182 isolates successfully revived. Both Vitek MS and phenotypic techniques were used to identify the molds, and the concordance rate between the two methods was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitek MS accurately identified 169 out of the 182 isolates, yielding a concordance rate of 92.85% with phenotypic methods. Of the remaining isolates, 1 was misidentified, 4 could not be identified, and 8 were not represented in the database.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitek MS proved to be a highly accurate and time-efficient tool for mold identification, enhancing clinical diagnostics. Expansion of its database is crucial for broader mold identification. This study supported integration of Vitek MS into routine laboratory practice, aiding in timely antifungal treatment, improving patient outcomes, and assisting in outbreak detection and public health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905547/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Candida guilliermondii</i> endocarditis in a patient with prosthetic mitral valve: a case report.","authors":"Saravana Priya J K, Gomathi Manju Balasubramaniam, Ramani C P","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1654","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong><i>Candida</i> endocarditis, though rare, presents significant risks, especially in prosthetic valve recipients. <i>Candida guilliermondii</i> is an uncommon causative pathogen, necessitating a high index of suspicion, advanced diagnostics, and prompt antifungal therapy to improve patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 57-year-old male with a history of rheumatic heart disease and prior mitral valve replacement presented with fever, chills, and generalized body aches for 10 days. Laboratory investigations revealed microcytic hypochromic anemia, while echocardiography demonstrated prosthetic valve vegetation with mild to moderate aortic regurgitation. Blood cultures confirmed <i>C. guilliermondii</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early recognition, multidisciplinary collaboration, and tailored antifungal therapy are pivotal for favorable outcomes in <i>C. guilliermondii</i> prosthetic valve endocarditis. This case highlights the importance of comprehensive diagnostics and vigilant patient management to mitigate complications and improve prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12905548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic potential and apoptosis induction of <i>Bunium persicum</i> essential oil and its pure components, cuminaldehyde and γ-terpinene, in combination with fluconazole on <i>Candida albicans</i> isolates: <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> evaluation.","authors":"Mahsa Asgar, Mehdi Bamorovat, Seyyed Amin Ayatollahi Mosavi, Fatemeh Sharifi, Ehsan Salarkia, Ali Karamoozian, Sanaz Hadizadeh, Setareh Agha Kuchak Afshari","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1636","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Fluconazole resistance in <i>Candida</i> species is on the rise, posing a significant clinical challenge. There is a growing interest in using complementary therapies, especially those  from natural sources. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic and apoptotic effects of <i>Bunium persicum</i> essential oil (BPEO) and its two pure components, cuminaldehyde (CA) and γ-terpinene (γ-TPN), combined with fluconazole (FLC) on susceptible and resistant <i>C. albicans</i> isolates. Moreover, molecular docking was used to study the interactions between lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase and each agent.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The BPEO was prepared using the Clevenger apparatus and the hydro-distillation method. The <i>in vitro</i> antifungal activity was evaluated according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline (M60). The checkerboard and isobologram assays assessed the interaction between BPEO, CA, γ-TPN, and FLC. The necrotic and apoptotic effects of different agents were analyzed using a flow cytometry assay. An <i>in-silico</i> study was performed to examine the receptor-ligand interaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CA showed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum fungicidal concentrations, compared to BPEO and γ-TPN. Statistical analyses indicated significant differences between resistant and sensitive <i>C. albicans</i> isolates regarding minimum inhibitory concentration values of BPEO, CA, and γ-TPN. The most synergistic effect was obtained for FLC combined with CA (n=7, 63.6%), followed by BPEO (n=6, 54.5%), and γ-TPN (n=3, 27.2%). Statistical analyses indicated the synergistic effect of FLC in combination with CA was more than γ-TPN (<i>p</i>=0.023). Apoptotic indicators confirmed that the tested compounds could cause cell death in yeast cells. Combination of each natural component with FLC resulted in a greater apoptosis effect than each tested agent alone. The docking study indicated that both pure compounds have interactivity with the protein residue of 14α-demethylase.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicated that the synergistic properties of natural products combined with synthetic antifungal agents available in the market could contribute to developing effective therapeutic strategies, particularly in resistant fungal species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145343788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rare case of invasive necrotizing myositis of the thigh caused by <i>Basidiobolus ranarum</i>: a multi-pronged approach to successfully managing a near-fatal polybacterial mycotic infection.","authors":"Dhira Shobith Munipati, Navin Sundar Arunachalam Jeykumar, Balamourougan Krishnaraj, Venkatesh Arumuga Nainar, Anitha Gunalan, Rakesh Singh, Sanjay Sriram S, Nanda Kishore Maroju","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1614","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Traumatic fungal diseases are relatively less common and present significant challenges in treatment. In some cases, there is progressive spread and deep soft tissue colonization, especially in immunocompromised patients and those showing neglect and non-compliance with treatment. This pattern is common in patients from rural settings who are unaware of the consequences of delaying medical care and the resulting complications.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>This study reported a case of Basidiobolomycosis manifesting as deep necrotizing myositis of the left thigh complicated by secondary bacterial sepsis in a 46-year-old immunocompetent man. <i>Basidiobolus ranarum</i>, was morphologically identified, isolated in culture and supported by wet mount microscopy and histopathology. It was treated with a multipronged strategy due to a refractory infection showing an unsatisfactory response to fungal monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The diagnosis was evasive due to the clinical picture of overt soft-tissue necrosis resembling a highly virulent bacterial infection showing antibiotic resistance. Broad aseptate hyphae in potassium hydroxide mount (KOH 10%) preparation led us to suspect the Entomophthorales organism and initiate prompt antifungal chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caspofungin therapy in prosthetic valve endocarditis and candidemia due to itraconazole-resistant <i>Candida glabrata</i> (<i>Nakaseomyces glabratus</i>): A case report.","authors":"Mohamad Rafi Khurgami, Mahsa Fattahi, Effat Hosseinali Beigi, Pegah Tamimi, Aliasghar Ghaderi, Golnaz Hajiesmail","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1615","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Candidemia is a prevalent nosocomial bloodstream infection with a high mortality rate. Involvement of heart valves by <i>Candida</i> spp. after candidemia can result in native and prosthetic valve endocarditis as biofilm-related infections.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>This report aimed to introduce a case of a 13-year-old male with bloodstream infection and prosthetic valve endocarditis, caused by itraconazole-resistant <i>Candida glabrata</i> (<i>Nakaseomyces glabratus</i>). Despite undergoing itraconazole for 4 weeks, the patient did not improve. White colonies were identified as <i>C. glabrata</i> (<i>N. glabratus</i>) by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism-Polymerase Chain Reaction. The isolate was resistant to itraconazole (MIC=8 µg/mL) but susceptible to amphotericin B and caspofungin. Based on concerns about biofilm-related resistance, treatment was switched to caspofungin for 5 weeks. He continued to do well and showed no signs of relapse during his 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study explored the importance of antifungal susceptibility testing in handling complicated infections, as well as the potential of caspofungin in the treatment of cases of fungal bloodstream infections and endocarditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility profiles of <i>Candida</i> isolates among patients with candiduria: a multiplex PCR assay.","authors":"Sima Darabian, Sepideh Pakravan, Manizhe Jozpanahi, Afsaneh Karami, Saeid Amanloo, Hamid Morovati","doi":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1610","DOIUrl":"10.22034/cmm.2025.345248.1610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Incidence of candiduria attributed to <i>Candida</i> species has been increasing, with a notable rise in cases involving antifungal-resistant non-<i>albicans Candida</i> (NAC) species. This investigation aimed to assess both the prevalence and antifungal susceptibility patterns of <i>Candida</i> isolates obtained from patients diagnosed with candiduria.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In total, 100 urine specimens were collected from patients diagnosed with candiduria and subjected to analysis. Subsequent to the preliminary identification, a 21-plex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was employed for species characterization. Antifungal susceptibility testing was conducted using the broth microdilution technique, which aimed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of fluconazole, amphotericin B, and caspofungin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 100 analyzed patients, <i>Candida albicans</i> was the predominant species, accounting for 70% of isolates, followed by <i>C. tropicalis</i> (11%), <i>C. glabrata</i> (9%), and <i>C. parapsilosis</i> (5%). Resistance to fluconazole was observed in 2.86% of <i>C. albicans</i> isolates, whereas 29.41% of the NAC species exhibited resistance to this antifungal agent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The fluconazole resistance rate was notably higher among NAC species, compared to that of <i>C. albicans</i>. To deepen current understanding, it is recommended that future molecular investigations employ advanced and diverse methodologies, along with larger and more representative patient cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10863,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Mycology","volume":"11 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145344214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}