Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"A nonlinear synergy-to-antagonism shift between superabsorbent polymers and drip irrigation governs canopy persistence, grain-filling strategy, and yield in drip-irrigated winter wheat","authors":"Yihang Du,&nbsp;Siqi Long,&nbsp;Han Zhang,&nbsp;Yulei Jiang,&nbsp;Lele Zhang,&nbsp;Zihan Wang,&nbsp;Yitao Yin,&nbsp;Changxing Zhao","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70359","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70359","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water scarcity destabilizes winter wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) yield by disrupting the coordination between post-anthesis carbon (source) persistence and grain (sink) filling. Superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) buffer root-zone moisture, yet their interaction with drip irrigation may be nonlinear: excessive hydrogel expansion under high water supply can impair soil aeration. We hypothesized that SAP × irrigation responses shift from synergy to antagonism once a dose-dependent soil physical threshold is exceeded. A 2-year field experiment (2022–2024) tested three irrigation levels (deficit, moderate, and sufficient) and four SAP rates (0, 15, 30, and 45 kg ha⁻¹; p0–p3). Grain yield responded unimodally to SAP rate across all regimes: p2 increased yield by 11.4%–21.4% relative to p0, whereas p3 reduced yield by 2–7 percentage points below the p2 peak. Under moderate irrigation, p2 optimized population stability and canopy physiological persistence, shifting the grain-filling strategy from an “acceleration-only” to a “sustained-efficiency” model by extending the active filling duration and increasing late-stage contribution. Conversely, under sufficient irrigation, p3 induced a threshold effect whereby reduced soil porosity and possible root-zone hypoxia may have constrained gas exchange and impaired grain-filling efficiency. Our findings demonstrate that SAP–irrigation synergy is governed by a trade-off between moisture retention and soil aeration. A moderate SAP dose (30 kg ha⁻¹) optimizes the soil–canopy–grain cascade, providing a framework for precision soil management to stabilize wheat yields in water-limited regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"66 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148915648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of increased population size and three reference genomes on the development of linkage maps in alfalfa","authors":"Harpreet Kaur,&nbsp;Melinda Dornbusch,&nbsp;Laura M. Shannon,&nbsp;Deborah A. Samac","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70361","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70361","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) is an important perennial forage crop and a highly heterozygous autotetraploid species (2<i>n</i> = 4<i>x</i> = 32), making high-density linkage mapping challenging. This study evaluated the effects of reference genome choice and population size on the development of genetic linkage maps using genotyping-by-sequencing-derived single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Three F₁ populations were analyzed: PopA (RegenSY27x × UMN3988; <i>n</i> = 165), PopB (RegenSY27x × FL99; <i>n</i> = 374), and PopC (a subsample of PopB; <i>n</i> = 165). SNPs were called against three reference assemblies: Map1 based on the XinJiangDaYe homolog 1 (XJDY), Map2 based on the ZhongmuNo.1 (Zm1) consensus genome, and Map3 based on a graph-based pangenome constructed from five alfalfa assemblies. The final maps contained 2635–2618 markers in PopA, 3222–3390 markers in PopB, and 1974–2239 markers in PopC across the three references. In the smaller populations, map length varied substantially depending on the reference genome, ranging from 1743.7 to 2701.1 cM in PopA and from 785.2 to 1109.3 cM in PopC. In contrast, the larger population (PopB) produced highly stable maps across references with lengths of 1361.5–1428.6 cM. Sequencing read depth strongly affected SNP discovery, with the UMN3988 cross producing substantially more markers than the FL99 cross. Although the pangenome improved read mapping and captured markers in structural variant regions absent from the linear reference, population size had the greatest influence on map length stability across different reference genomes for accurate linkage mapping in this highly heterozygous autopolyploid species.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"66 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70361","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148902312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soybean flour as an alternative plant-based fertilizer for perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort] lawns","authors":"Tyler VanLandingham,&nbsp;Brenda A. Medina Privatt,&nbsp;Florence Breuillin-Sessoms,&nbsp;David Gardner,&nbsp;Edward Nangle,&nbsp;Jada Powlen,&nbsp;Cale Bigelow,&nbsp;Dominic Petrella","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70358","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70358","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Demand for organic fertilizers has prompted the exploration of different sources of sustainable, plant-based alternatives for turfgrass lawns. This study evaluated defatted soybean flour as a potential plant-based fertilizer option for high-cut turfgrass systems such as lawns, parks, recreational facilities, and commercial landscapes when applied as a powder, drench, or spray to perennial ryegrass (<i>Lolium perenne</i> L.) and tall fescue [<i>Schedonorus arundinaceus</i> (Schreb.) Dumort]. The fertilizer response of soybean flour was compared to corn gluten meal (CGM) and untreated controls in greenhouse and field experiments in Wooster and Columbus, OH, and West Lafayette, IN. In a greenhouse, soybean flour was applied as a powder in a proof-of-concept experiment, which resulted in positive dose-dependent turfgrass responses, with an optimal nitrogen rate between 19.5 and 29.3 kg N ha⁻¹. Staged-up proof-of-concept field trials in which soybean flour was drenched on turfgrass plots confirmed these greenhouse findings. Unlike CGM, which showed a gradual improvement in turfgrass quality when applied to field plots, soybean flour produced more rapid initial growth responses from 7 to 14 days post application. Following initial proof-of-concept experiments, soybean flour was sprayed on turfgrass plots, in which turfgrass growth and other parameters increased with soybean flour application compared to untreated controls. The results suggest that soybean flour could be a viable plant-based fertilizer for high-cut cool-season lawns, offering comparable performance to CGM, with potential for broader adoption in environmentally conscious turfgrass management. Future work should focus on refining application methods and nutrient release profiles to improve practicality and consistency for industry and homeowner use.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"66 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.70358","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148894687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of abiotic stress environments in maize (Zea mays L.) across Argentina","authors":"Lucas Pedro Haxhi,&nbsp;María Elena Otegui,&nbsp;Gustavo Rubén Rodríguez,&nbsp;Samuel Trachsel","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70348","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) production is challenged by climate change, particularly increasing drought stress conditions. Enhancing drought tolerance is essential to obtain yield stability across environments. This study aimed to generate an environmental classification from multi-environment trials in Argentina and to compare classification methods for identifying abiotic stress environments relevant to maize breeding. The effectiveness of three environmental classification methods—visual, combined biplot and clustering, and self-organizing map (SOM)—was evaluated to identify abiotic stress environments in maize multi-environment trials (METs) conducted in Argentina. Fifteen hybrids were assessed across 221 environments, including early and late planting dates, over four growing seasons. Classifications were based on grain yield and weather variables and compared based on the variance explained by genotypic-related effects. The SOM method explained the highest proportion of genotype + genotype × environment group (EG) variance and more effectively identified abiotic stress environments while minimizing confounded effects from disease or agronomic issues. Environments classified as affected by abiotic stress showed yield reductions of approximately 50% compared with non-stress environments. The wide geographical distribution of stress-affected environments highlighted the non-predictable nature of repeatable genotype × environment interaction caused by abiotic stress. Two hybrids showed broad adaptation across all EGs, while others showed specific adaptation to stress or non-stress conditions. These findings support SOM as a robust tool for environmental classification and hybrid characterization. Its application in early breeding stages may enhance the selection of broadly adapted germplasm under increasing climate variability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"66 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi‐environment GWAS trial reveals novel loci for yield traits in a MAGIC population of Upland cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.)","authors":"Abdelraheem Abdelraheem, Lori Hinze, Jinfa Zhang, David D. Fang, Linghe Zeng","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70357","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic architecture underlying yield traits is not fully understood. To dissect the genetic basis of lint yield (LY) and its components, we conducted a genome‐wide association study (GWAS) using a multi‐parent advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population consisting of 372 recombinant inbred lines (RILs). This population was developed from 16 parents, including 12 exotic germplasm lines derived from five tetraploid <jats:italic>Gossypium</jats:italic> species and four elite Upland cotton cultivars. The population underwent five generations of random mating and five generations of self‐pollination. The RILs were evaluated at three locations in the US Cotton Belt over 8 years. The MAGIC population displayed greater phenotypic variability than the parental lines, with all traits showing transgressive segregation. When GWAS was performed across environments, a total of 244 significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified for LY and related traits. Among them, 75 SNPs were novel. Twelve stable SNPs were identified across different environments and genetic backgrounds, including four for lint index (LI), three for seeds per boll, and two each for LY, lint percent (LP), boll weight, and seed index. In addition, four SNPs exhibited pleiotropic haplotype effects on LY, LP, and LI, consistent with the observed phenotypic correlations among these traits. For yield, the candidate gene ( <jats:italic>Gh_A08G0526</jats:italic> ) known for its role in fiber initiation, elongation, and overall yield was located within the previously identified quantitative trait locus region on A08 at 107 Mb. The discovery of novel and stable pleiotropic loci advances our understanding of the genetic architecture of yield traits.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decades of progress: Breeding modified soybean root systems","authors":"Jose R. Costa Netto, Hussien I. Taresh Almtarfi, Anand Seethepalli, Larry M. York, Alina Zare, Felix B. Fritschi","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70355","url":null,"abstract":"Decades of soybean ( <jats:italic>Glycine max</jats:italic> (L.) Merr.) breeding have delivered substantial yield gains, yet how root systems have changed over this period has remained unclear. We evaluated 24 maturity group IV soybean cultivars released between 1930 and 2005 in field experiments at two locations over 2 years, and quantified topsoil root and nodulation traits alongside seed yield. Root crown complexity (RC) increased with cultivar year of release (YoR), accompanied by increases in convex area, total root length (TRL), root network area, solidity, first‐order lateral root number, second‐order lateral root density, and number of root tips. Across environments, RC increased by 31.3% while TRL increased by 28.3%. In contrast, lateral root crown angle (LRCA) decreased 5.2% with YoR, indicating a shift toward shallower root systems. Nodule size and nodule density also increased 20% and 46% over time, respectively. Correlation and principal component analyses revealed strong integration among traits associated with root branching, crown expansion, and root length density. Stepwise regression identified RC, LRCA, TRL, solidity, and average root diameter as the root traits most strongly associated with yield across environments (cross‐validation <jats:italic>R</jats:italic> <jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.67). Together, these results indicate that soybean breeding has been accompanied by coordinated changes in root system architecture (RSA), favoring larger, more highly branched root systems concentrated in the upper soil profile. While breeders focused on yield and aboveground traits, substantial shifts in RSA occurred alongside historical yield improvements. These findings highlight opportunities to leverage root architectural traits in efforts to improve productivity, resource acquisition, and adaptation to diverse production environments.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The water risk profile of corn, soybean, and potato in Minnesota from 1951 to 2024","authors":"Samikshya Subedi, Aleksei Rozanov, Kenneth Blumenfeld, Michael Kantar, Vasudha Sharma, Bryan Runck","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70336","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is expected to alter crop phenology, temperature regimes, and water availability, posing challenges for agricultural water management. We focus on corn ( <jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic> L.; VT–R1), soybean ( <jats:italic>Glycine max</jats:italic> (L.) Merr.; R3–R4), and potato ( <jats:italic>Solanum tuberosum</jats:italic> L.; tuber initiation‐bulking) to evaluate whether precipitation has historically met evapotranspiration demands during these key sensitive growth stages in Central Minnesota and whether demands or gaps have changed between recent precipitation and crop evapotranspiration (ET). We analyzed accumulated growing degree days (AGDD, 1951–2024) and precipitation using planting windows of April 15–25 for potatoes and May 1–10 for corn and soybean. Field observations from 2023 and 2024 at Becker and Saint Paul confirm that recent years have more AGDD than historical norms. We then compare empirical field measurements with historical AGDD and precipitation data to estimate crop ET demands during the growth stages most sensitive to water stress. We found that rainfall rarely matched ET demands during these stages from 1951 to 2024, as median rainfall frequently fell below growth stage‐specific ET thresholds in addition to the low soil water capacity in central Minnesota. Across the studied counties, approximately 0.3 million acres, which is 77% of the half a million total irrigated acreage of Minnesota, lies in these counties. The high interannual and spatial variability meant that precipitation was not consistently aligned with peak crop demand. We also find no trend of increasing or decreasing water stress over this time period due to evaporative demand limitation. These findings substantiate, as expected, that corn, soybean, and potato grown in Central Minnesota generally have not met the crop‐water demand during the most sensitive growth stages without irrigation, and importantly, in the Central Sand Plains of Minnesota, crop water demand has not gotten riskier since 1951; it is just as risky as it has been historically, requiring irrigation scheduling aligned with crop growth stages and precipitation to sustain yields and build climate‐resilient agricultural systems.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis of grain yield and adaptive traits in provitamin A maize hybrids under combined drought heat stress and well‐watered conditions","authors":"Derek Mudadirwa, Samuel Adelowo Olakojo, Xavier Mhike, Clever Mukuze, Thokozile Ndhlela","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70352","url":null,"abstract":"One hundred and fifty‐four three‐way cross maize ( <jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic> L.) hybrids generated from a line × tester mating design were evaluated together with eight commercial checks for tolerance to combined drought and heat stresses. The experiment was conducted in a 9 × 18 alpha (0.1) lattice design replicated twice across 10 different environments. The aim of the study was to evaluate International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center and International Institute of Tropical Agriculture provitamin A maize doubled haploid and elite inbred lines for their combining ability, gene action, and inter‐trait relationships for grain yield and adaptive traits. Analysis of variance for grain yield and most traits showed significant differences at <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.05 for general combining ability and specific combining ability (SCA) effects signifying the influence of additive and nonadditive effects. Line × tester variance components for grain yield and most traits were higher compared to line and tester variances signifying predominance of additive effects. Inbred lines DS197‐47 and TZMI2104 were strongest general combiners. A cross between TZMI2031‐2 × CLHP0237/CML304 had highest SCA effects under optimum conditions, while inbred line DS197‐217 crossed to CLHP0237/CML304 had highest SCA effects under stressed conditions. Under both conditions, grain yield was positively correlated with ears per plant and plant height while negatively correlated to ear aspect, anthesis date, and kernel texture. Recurrent selection can be employed to accumulate favorable alleles of secondary traits, while hybridization can be used to exploit heterosis for grain yield under combined drought and heat stress. The findings of this research provide a strong foundation for the development of resilient and high‐yielding provitamin A maize hybrid.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associative diazotrophic bacteria and forage legumes sustain brachiariagrass pasture performance through enhanced root traits","authors":"Fagner J. Gomes, Maira L. B. Bourscheidt, Carlos G. S. Pedreira, Dalton H. Pereira, Mariangela Hungria, Cátia R. Tesk, Bruno C. Pedreira","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.70356","url":null,"abstract":"Interest in microbial plant growth‐promoting processes, particularly biological nitrogen (N) fixation (BNF), has increased globally as a strategic alternative to mineral N fertilization. Understanding the response of root traits to diverse N sources plays a critical role in unraveling canopy dynamics and improving decision‐making in forage‐livestock systems. This study investigated how N‐supply strategies, including <jats:italic>Azospirillum brasilense</jats:italic> (strains Ab‐V5 and Ab‐V6; CNPSo) inoculation and symbiotic BNF via Mandobi forage peanut ( <jats:italic>Arachis pintoi</jats:italic> Krapov. &amp; W.C. Greg.), affect root and canopy characteristics of Ipyporã brachiariagrass ( <jats:italic>Urochloa</jats:italic> (syn. <jats:italic>Brachiaria</jats:italic> ) interspecific hybrid BRS RB331 Ipyporã [ <jats:italic>U. ruziziensis</jats:italic> Germ. &amp; Evrard × <jats:italic>U. brizantha</jats:italic> (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf]). Six strategies were evaluated over 2 years: a control (no N), mineral N (80 kg N ha <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> year <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> ), <jats:italic>A. brasilense</jats:italic> (Az), 80N+Az (80 kg N ha <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> year <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> plus <jats:italic>A. brasilense</jats:italic> inoculation), grass–peanut (Ipypora brachiariagrass with Mandobi forage peanut) mixture (Mix), and Mix+Az. All N‐supply strategies resulted in 61% greater net CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> assimilation compared to the control (33 µmol m <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> s <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ). Mineral N, Az, 80N+Az, and Mix+Az strategies did not differ in root mass (1630 kg dry matter [DM] ha <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> ), root total non‐structural carbohydrate (TNC) pool (168 g m <jats:sup>−2</jats:sup> ), root N concentration (40.3 g kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ), and herbage accumulation (8000 kg DM ha <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> year <jats:sup>−</jats:sup> <jats:sup>1</jats:sup> ). Regardless of the N source, root TNC concentration (10.6 g kg <jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> ), leaf proportion (26.7%), and leaf area index were similar across strategies. Our findings show that root mass, root TNC pool, and root N pool were associated with canopy response, supporting greater net CO <jats:sub>2</jats:sub> assimilation and herbage accumulation under both microbial and mineral N‐supply strategies. Under the conditions of this study, <jats:italic>A. brasilense</jats:italic> and grass‐legume mixtures show potential as complementary strategies to mineral N fertilization in tropical pastures.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148768517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bayesian quantile regression with variable selection and applications in plant breeding","authors":"Arwell Nathan Leyva-Chávez,&nbsp;Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez,&nbsp;Sergio Pérez-Elizalde,&nbsp;Juan Manuel Romero-Padilla,&nbsp;Jorge Alfonso Jiménez-Castro,&nbsp;José Crossa","doi":"10.1002/csc2.70354","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.70354","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-dimensional data present major challenges in identifying key predictors of phenotypic variation, particularly when response distributions are asymmetric or heavy tailed. Traditional variable selection methods focus on the conditional mean, limiting their utility in scenarios with heterogeneity across quantiles. This study applies a Bayesian Quantile Regression model with Variable Selection (BQRVS), which extends classical quantile regression through a hierarchical Bayesian framework and provides selective shrinkage of coefficients through hierarchical priors, along with full posterior uncertainty estimation for all parameters. The BQRVS model was evaluated on two real datasets. The first involves the detection of quantitative trait loci associated with grain yield in barley, using genomic markers and quantile-specific modeling to identify predictors associated with the lower and upper regions of the conditional yield distribution. The second case explores the relationship between hyperspectral reflectance data and grain yield for maize using field-collected data. In both examples, the model was fitted at multiple quantiles <span></span><math>\u0000 <semantics>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>q</mi>\u0000 <mi>θ</mi>\u0000 </msub>\u0000 <annotation>${{q}_theta }$</annotation>\u0000 </semantics></math>, for probability levels <i>θ</i> ∈ {0.1, 0.5, 0.9} using prior distributions that favor sparsity. Results revealed quantile specific relevance of genomic markers and spectral bands, with certain predictors influencing only low or high quantiles of the response. These findings underscore the importance of moving beyond mean-based approaches, especially in plant breeding and phenotyping contexts characterized by complex or non-normal response behavior. The BQRVS framework provides a flexible and efficient tool for robust variable selection and prediction in genomic and spectral data analysis, offering new insights into the structure of trait variation across the distribution of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"66 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148729219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}