Crop Science最新文献

{"title":"AMMI and GGE biplot analysis of seed protein concentration, yield, and 100-seed weight for chickpea cultivars and breeding lines in the US Pacific Northwest","authors":"Priyanka Joshi,&nbsp;George Vandemark","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21417","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21417","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Greater global demand for plant-based protein has made increasing protein concentration in chickpea (<i>Cicer arietinum</i> L.) an important breeding objective. In this study, 17 kabuli chickpea genotypes were evaluated for seed protein concentration (SPC), yield, and 100-seed weight (HSW). All entries were planted in 2020 and 2021 at four locations in Washington. The mean of all entries for SPC was 20.3%. Genotype (G), location (L), G × year (Y), and L × Y (E) effects were significant for each trait. Year (Y) effects were significant for SPC and yield and accounted for the greatest percentage of total variance for both traits. Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions and genotype (G) main effects and genotype (G) × environment (E) interaction (GGE) biplot analyses were used to identify stable genotypes and to dissect GEI in chickpea. GGE biplot analysis indicated G + G × E effects accounted for 78.69%, 64.01%, and 95.99% of the total variation for SPC, yield, and HSW, respectively. Environments tended to be positively correlated for all three traits and biplot analysis suggests three mega-environments. Three genotypes, CA0790B0429C, CA13900147C, and Sierra, consistently had high SPC but low yield. Billy Beans was superior for yield. Nash and CA15940057C consistently had high HSW. No genotype had high SPC, yield, and HSW. Significant positive correlations (<i>r</i> &gt; 0.6) were observed between SPC, days to mature, and plant height. It will be challenging to make substantial gains in SPC using only the genotypes evaluated in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21417","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimum legume proportion for plant and animal production in a subtropical grassland","authors":"Nicolas Caram,&nbsp;Lynn E. Sollenberger,&nbsp;Marcelo O. Wallau,&nbsp;Jose C. B. Dubeux Jr.,&nbsp;Nicolas DiLorenzo","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21426","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21426","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrating legumes into grass pastures is an alternative to nitrogen (N) fertilizer for improving productive, economic, and environmental performance of grazing systems. However, optimal legume proportion for maximizing resource-use efficiency in mixed pastures is seldom considered. Here, we studied the effect of rhizoma peanut (<i>Arachis glabrata</i> Benth.) proportion in bahiagrass (<i>Paspalum notatum</i> Flügge) pastures on herbage accumulation and nutritive value, cattle selectivity, and animal gain using a Bayesian probabilistic approach for 2 years. Two 0.5-ha bahiagrass monoculture pastures receiving no N fertilizer and six 0.5-ha bahiagrass-rhizoma peanut pastures (16.5%–49.2% legume) were continuously stocked at a herbage allowance of 1.5 kg dry matter (DM) kg⁻¹ animal live weight. Regressing plant and animal production on legume proportion in the pasture, we found that responses increased non-linearly and were maximized at ∼40% legume. Herbage accumulation was maximized at 39% legume, being 173% greater than the bahiagrass monoculture (9.0 vs. 3.3 Mg ha⁻¹ DM). At 39% legume, herbage in vitro digestible organic matter and crude protein concentrations were 543 and 136 g kg⁻¹, respectively, 43% and 84% greater than at 0% legume (381 and 74 g kg⁻¹, respectively), and legume in cattle diets was 20 percentage units greater than offered. These data explain in part why average daily gain and gain per hectare were maximized at ∼36% legume, being 108% (604 vs. 290 g day⁻¹) and 127% greater (350 vs. 154 kg LW ha⁻¹) than for animals grazing the monoculture. In conclusion, legume proportions of 30%–40% maximized plant and animal production of this subtropical grassland.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endogenous GABA levels decrease during grain maturation in wheat and do not play a role in the germination of immature grain","authors":"Eiko Himi","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21424","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21424","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It has been known that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is increased in germinating seeds such as those of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). Techniques such as ninhydrin reaction method and high-performance liquid chromatography are used to quantify GABA levels. However, these methods require multiple steps and make it difficult to analyze multiple samples simultaneously. In this study, an enzyme-based assay for the rapid quantification of GABA levels in multiple wheat grain samples simultaneously was established. It was found that in developing grains, endogenous GABA levels were high but decreased with maturity. The maximum amount of GABA found in immature grains did not correlate with the degree of grain dormancy. However, the onset of decrease in GABA content was earlier in weak dormant lines compared to strong dormant lines. Endogenous GABA levels increased temporarily in strongly dormant grains upon imbibition, but quickly returned to their original levels, while they showed a sharp increase in intermediate dormant grains. Exogenous GABA promoted the germination of weakly dormant grains but was not sufficient to break dormancy in strongly dormant grains, suggesting that the maintenance of GABA levels may be related to the degree of grain dormancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142810103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of detoxification enzymes in pyrethroid-resistant Listronotus maculicollis Kirby suggests additional mechanisms","authors":"Garrett Y. Price,&nbsp;Benjamin A. McGraw","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21419","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21419","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Insecticide resistance is a pressing issue in urban pest management. The annual bluegrass weevil (ABW), <i>Listronotus maculicollis</i> Kirby, is a highly destructive turfgrass pest in northeastern North America. The overuse of pyrethroids has led to resistance in some ABW populations in the northeastern United States. Understanding ABW resistance mechanisms is pivotal for sustaining turf quality and minimizing environmental impact. This study investigated the potential for enzymatic detoxification, a common resistance mechanism in insects, to be the mechanism behind ABW tolerance to pyrethroids. Different ABW populations’ resistance levels to bifenthrin were determined through dose–response Petri dish assays. Cytochrome P450 activity and protein concentrations were measured following bifenthrin exposure. Results indicated golf course-specific effects on enzyme and protein levels but found no direct correlation between these levels and bifenthrin dosage. P450 activity varied among different golf course populations, showing no dependence on bifenthrin dosage. These findings question prior studies suggesting P450 involvement in bifenthrin detoxification in populations of all resistance levels. This study establishes a foundation for comprehending ABW resistance mechanisms and devising effective management strategies. However, further research is needed to investigate additional detoxification enzymes and other resistance mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142797018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance gene enrichment sequencing for NLR genes for Phytophthora sojae in selected soybean plant introductions and differentials with putative novel and known Rps genes","authors":"Brian Hodge, Amine Batnini, Carlos Bolaños-Carriel, Kyujung Van, M. A. Saghai Maroof, Leah McHale, Anne E. Dorrance","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21413","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous sources of putative novel resistance genes toward <i>Phytophthora sojae</i> (<i>Rps</i> genes) have been identified and loci mapped in soybean (<i>Glycine max</i> L. Merr.) but cloning has remained elusive. We utilized resistance gene enrichment sequencing (RenSeq) to identify the putative resistance genes in 20 plant introductions (PIs) and differentials of the cultivar Williams with <i>rps</i>, <i>Rps1c</i>, <i>Rps3a</i>, and <i>Rps8</i>. The DNA from these genotypes was enriched and sequenced using more than 25,000 80 nt baits designed to nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) encoding sequences. Overall, there were greater numbers of variants in the NLR-encoding genes in <i>Rps</i> loci on chromosomes (Chrs) 3, 7, 13, and 18 for the 20 PIs as compared to the Williams differentials for <i>rps</i>, <i>Rps1c</i>, <i>Rps1k</i>, <i>Rps3a</i>, and <i>Rps8</i>. Genes encoding <i>Rps1c</i>, <i>Rps3a</i>, and <i>Rps8</i> were proposed based on sequence differences among the differentials. Among the 20 PIs, there may be additional alleles on Chrs 3, 13, and 18, and PI399079 may have two new alleles at Chrs 3 and 7 loci. A unique NLR on Chr 8 was identified in PI200553. New alleles were also identified on Chrs 3 and 18 when the PI and resistant bulks were compared to susceptible recombinant inbred lines. This study demonstrates the utility of RenSeq as an efficient method to identify and predict specific novel NLR genes in landrace soybean germplasm, which confer resistance to <i>P. sojae</i> and obtain gene-specific markers to facilitate their introgression into modern cultivars.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142665533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing drought resistance in warm-season turfgrasses: Fourteen years of progress through a multistate collaborative project across the southern United States","authors":"Beatriz Tome Gouveia, Kevin E. Kenworthy, Ambika Chandra, Brian M. Schwartz, Jing Zhang, Paul L. Raymer, Yanqi Wu, Marta Pudzianowska, James Baird, Grady L. Miller, J. Bryan Unruh, Benjamin G. Wherley, Dennis L. Martin, Justin Q. Moss, Sameer Khanal, Susana Milla-Lewis","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21393","url":null,"abstract":"In turfgrass breeding, drought resistance is a primary trait for improvement due to scarcity and reduced quality of water for irrigation. Therefore, in 2010, the turfgrass breeding programs at six public universities joined efforts to address these challenges by cross evaluating breeding lines for the most economically significant warm-season turfgrass species in the southern United States through a United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute for Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative funded project. Three breeding cycles were associated with three completed (2010–2014, 2014–2019, and 2019–2024) collaborative grant projects, but the efficiency of this partnership in terms of gains from selection has not been measured. Our objectives were to (1) estimate the expected and realized genetic gain for drought resistance and turfgrass quality for three breeding cycles, (2) compare cultivars developed with support of the projects versus standard cultivars in a historical data analysis, and (3) compare genetic gain for traits assessed visually versus using small unmanned aircraft systems imagery, both in drought and non-drought environments. For these purposes, historical data were investigated with a retrospective analysis of project trials evaluated 2011–2024. Our findings for the realized genetic gain demonstrated progress in enhancing drought resistance in bermudagrass, St. Augustinegrass, seashore paspalum, and zoysiagrass. In addition, notable positive increments for this trait were documented for each cycle compared to the standard cultivars, particularly in bermudagrass, St. Augustinegrass, and zoysiagrass. While heritability was higher for visually assessed traits, genetic increments were more pronounced for imagery-assessed traits.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveal differentially expressed genes and metabolic pathways in bermudagrass under drought stress","authors":"Ravi Teja Seelam,&nbsp;David Jespersen","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21412","DOIUrl":"10.1002/csc2.21412","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drought stress poses a significant challenge to turfgrass growth, particularly in the regions like southern United States, where bermudagrass (<i>Cynodon</i> sp.) is widely used for lawns and sports fields. Drought stress disrupts physiological processes, leading to reduced water availability, impaired photosynthesis, and oxidative stress. To understand the bermudagrass response to drought, we investigated the physiological differences and characterized the gene expression and metabolite profiles in two bermudagrass genotypes, TifTuf and Premier. Physiological measurements showed significant variations in green cover percentage, visual quality, and relative water content between the two genotypes. RNA sequencing revealed extensive gene expression changes, with differentially expressed genes that were upregulated in both genotypes. Gene ontology (GO) analysis highlighted biological processes such as transcription regulation, lipid metabolism, and cellular structure development pathways. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that TifTuf had significant changes in galactose metabolism, carotenoid biosynthesis, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways, while Premier showed enrichment in plant hormone signaling, lipid metabolism, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways. Metabolomic analysis provided insights into metabolic reprogramming due to drought stress. Principal component analysis revealed distinct metabolic patterns between control and drought-stressed samples, with both genotypes showing substantial alterations. Differential metabolite analysis identified key metabolites associated with stress adaptation, including the phytohormone ABA and various amino acids. This analysis elucidates the intricate physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in bermudagrass genotypes. These findings enhance the understanding of drought stress adaptation strategies in bermudagrass and offer valuable insights for the development of drought-tolerant genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/csc2.21412","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yield determination of temperate maize hybrids with different end-uses: An ecophysiological analysis","authors":"Yésica D. Chazarreta, Santiago Alvarez Prado, Víctor D. Giménez, Ana J. P. Carcedo, César G. López, Ignacio A. Ciampitti, Maria E. Otegui","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21414","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (<i>Zea mays</i> L.) production in Argentina changed markedly during the last decade due to the widespread adoption of late sowing dates, expanding its productive area, and diversifying crop end-uses. This study was conducted to assess how the sowing date and nitrogen (N) availability affect grain yield, its physiological determinants (biomass and its partitioning), and numeric components (kernel number and kernel weight) of maize hybrids marketed for different end-uses. Field experiments were conducted in two growing seasons (2019–2020 and 2020–2021) and two sowing dates within each season (early and late) at a site in the main maize-producing region of Argentina. Within each season × sowing date combination, eight commercial maize hybrids (commercialized as grain, dual-purpose, or silage) were tested under two N levels (N0: no N applied; N250: fertilized with 250 kg N ha⁻¹). The greatest grain yield, biomass, kernel number, and harvest index corresponded to the grain hybrids. Dual-purpose hybrids showed an intermediate grain yield, the highest kernel weight, and a more “<i>silage</i>” than “<i>graniferous</i>” behavior. Silage hybrids had improved light interception up to silking + 15 days (R2) but exhibited the lowest grain yield. Differences in end-use steered crop breeding efforts toward different physiological strategies. The improved understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying the productivity among maize hybrids with varying end-uses will assist in the selection and management of suitable cultivars to be grown under different systems and environmental variations associated with an extended sowing date period.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142670415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foliar application of Verticillium dahliae Aspf2‐like protein improved the heat tolerance of creeping bentgrass by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant capabilities","authors":"Yan Yuan, Min Zhou, Wanlin Ni, Yan Zhang, Zhou Li","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21415","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous high ambient temperature in hot summer months leads to a sharp decline in turf quality of cool‐season turfgrass. <jats:italic>Verticillium dahliae</jats:italic> Aspf2‐like protein (VDAL) is a secretory protein of <jats:italic>V. dahliae</jats:italic> that can improve crop yield and resistance to disease, but its role in improving heat tolerance of cool‐season turfgrass has not been reported so far. The objectives of this study were to explore the effect and mechanism of foliar application of VDAL on improving heat tolerance in cool‐season creeping bentgrass (<jats:italic>Agrostis stolonifera</jats:italic>) and to further examine the advantage of foliar spraying with VDAL in mitigating summer bentgrass decline (SBD) in the US transition zone or other regions with similar climate. The results demonstrated that the optimal dose of VDAL for improving thermotolerance of two creeping bentgrass cultivars (heat‐tolerant 13 M and heat‐sensitive Seaside II) was screened as 0.2 g L<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> based on analyses of chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency of PSII, and cell membrane stability under controlled heat stress conditions. Foliar application of the optimal dose of VDAL significantly restricted chlorophyll loss under heat stress and also alleviated heat‐induced declines in net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and water use efficiency. In addition, overaccumulations of superoxide anion radical and hydrogen peroxide could be significantly alleviated by the exogenous application of VDAL through improving the activity of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase in two cultivars. A further 2‐year field trial showed that foliar application of VDAL improved turf quality, chlorophyll content, photochemical efficiency, and cell membrane stability of the two cultivars during hot summer months of 2022 and 2023. The results indicate that the appropriate dose of VDAL plays a positive role in photosynthetic performance and antioxidant capacity for thermotolerance of creeping bentgrass, and foliar application of VDAL could be considered an effective approach for alleviating SBD.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgene effects vary among maize populations with implications for improving quantitative traits","authors":"Julien F. Linares, Nathan D. Coles, Hua Mo, Jeffrey E. Habben, Sabrina Humbert, Carlos Messina, Tom Tang, Mark Cooper, Carla Gho, Ricardo Carrasco, Javier Carter, Jillian Wicher Flounders, E. Charles Brummer","doi":"10.1002/csc2.21408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/csc2.21408","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of transgenesis in plant breeding is to make step‐change improvements in traits of interest. However, improving quantitative traits, such as yield in maize (<jats:italic>Zea mays</jats:italic> L.), with transgenes has been difficult. Traditionally, transgene testing is done on a few isogenic lines, and results are extrapolated to entire breeding populations. Testing on limited germplasm does not provide a robust estimate of a transgene's value. Incorporating transgenes directly into breeding populations could increase genetic variance and the rate of genetic gain. Here, we used a transgene that reduces ethylene as a case study and investigated event, transgene, family, and environment effects and their interactions. We also determined whether introduction of the transgene into a breeding population would result in transgenic lines being preferentially selected over nontransgenic lines for yield. We found significant variation in transgene effects across clustered environments and families for multiple traits including yield. In environmental Cluster 2, the transgenic lines yielded 0.4 Mg ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> more than nontransgenic lines in family KC22; yet, in family QY43, transgenic lines yielded 0.3 Mg ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> less. Similarly, within Cluster 4, the QY43 family had preferential selection of transgenic over nontransgenic lines, whereas in families YE41 and AY91, nontransgenic lines were selected more frequently. These results show the critical importance of evaluating transgenes across broad germplasm diversity to assess their general value to a program. Integrating transgenes, or using gene editing, directly in a breeding program can expand genetic variation for quantitative traits and potentially accelerate genetic gain.","PeriodicalId":10849,"journal":{"name":"Crop Science","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}