Current Obesity Reports最新文献_第4页

Role of Glucocorticoids in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. 糖皮质激素在代谢功能障碍相关性脂肪肝中的作用

IF 9.5 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00556-1

Stergios A Polyzos, Giovanni Targher

{"title":"Role of Glucocorticoids in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Stergios A Polyzos, Giovanni Targher","doi":"10.1007/s13679-024-00556-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13679-024-00556-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>To summarize published data on the association between glucocorticoids and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), focusing on the possible pathophysiological links and related treatment considerations.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Glucocorticoids, commonly used for managing many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, may contribute to the development and progression of MASLD. Glucocorticoids may induce hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, thus increasing systemic and hepatic insulin resistance, a hallmark of MASLD pathogenesis. Furthermore, glucocorticoids increase adipose tissue lipolysis, and hepatic de novo lipogenesis and decrease hepatic fatty acid β-oxidation, thus promoting MASLD development. Preclinical evidence also suggests that glucocorticoids may adversely affect hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1) and 5α-reductase are implicated in the link between glucocorticoids and MASLD, the former enzyme increasing and the latter reducing the glucocorticoid action on the liver. Treatment considerations exist due to the pathogenic link between glucocorticoids and MASLD. Since iatrogenic hypercortisolism is common, glucocorticoids should be used at the minimum daily dose to control the subjective disease. Furthermore, the pharmacologic inhibition of 11β-HSD1 has provided favorable results in MASLD, both in preclinical studies and early MASH clinical trials. Glucocorticoids are closely linked to MASLD pathophysiology, with specific clinical and therapeutic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140065039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Potential Micronutrient Deficiencies in the First 1000 Days of Life: The Pediatrician on the Side of the Weakest. 生命最初 1000 天的潜在微量营养素缺乏症：站在最弱者一边的儿科医生。

IF 9.5 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00554-3

Carolà Panzeri, Luca Pecoraro, Alice Dianin, Andrea Sboarina, Olivia C Arnone, Giorgio Piacentini, Angelo Pietrobelli

{"title":"Potential Micronutrient Deficiencies in the First 1000 Days of Life: The Pediatrician on the Side of the Weakest.","authors":"Carolà Panzeri, Luca Pecoraro, Alice Dianin, Andrea Sboarina, Olivia C Arnone, Giorgio Piacentini, Angelo Pietrobelli","doi":"10.1007/s13679-024-00554-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13679-024-00554-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This study is to examine potential micronutrient deficiencies and any need for supplementation in children following specific diet plans in the first 1000 days of life.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Optimal nutrition in the first 1000 days of life has a lifelong positive impact on child development. Specific intrauterine and perinatal factors, pathological conditions, and dietary restrictions can represent potential risk factors for micronutrient deficiencies in the first 1000 days of life, which can have negative systemic consequences. Preterm and low-birth-weight infants are intrinsically at risk because of immature body systems. Children affected by cystic fibrosis are prone to malnutrition because of intestinal malabsorption. The risk of micronutrient deficiency can increase in various situations, including but not limited to children following selective dietary regimens (vegetarian and vegan diets and children affected by specific neuropsychiatric conditions) or specific dietary therapies (children affected by food allergies or specific metabolic disorders and children following restricted diet as a part of therapeutic approach, i.e., ketogenic diet for epilepsy). In light of this situation, the micronutrient status in these categories of children should be investigated in order to tailor strategies specific to the individual's metabolic needs, with a particular focus on deficiencies which can impair or delay the physical and cognitive development of children, namely, vitamin B12, vitamin D and folic acid, as well as oligo-elements such as iron, zinc, calcium, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus, and essential fatty acids such as omega-3. Identification of micronutrient deficiency in the first 1000 days of life and timely supplementation proves essential to prevent their long-term consequences.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11150320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140183969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Update on Pediatric Anti-obesity Medications—Current Landscape and Approach to Prescribing 儿科抗肥胖药物的最新情况--当前形势和处方方法

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00566-z

Yoon Ji Ahn, Jacqueline Maya, Vibha Singhal

{"title":"Update on Pediatric Anti-obesity Medications—Current Landscape and Approach to Prescribing","authors":"Yoon Ji Ahn, Jacqueline Maya, Vibha Singhal","doi":"10.1007/s13679-024-00566-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-024-00566-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>To review the current medical therapies available for treatment of obesity in children and adolescents less than 18 years old in the United States and outline the approach to their use.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Obesity is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence in children and adolescents in the United States. Over the past few years, more FDA-approved medical treatments for obesity, such as GLP-1 receptor agonists, have emerged for patients less than 18 years old. Furthermore, there are medications with weight loss effects that can be used off-label for obesity in pediatric patients. However, access to many of these medications is limited due to age restrictions, insurance coverage, and cost.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>Medical options are improving to provide treatment for obesity in pediatric populations. FDA and off-label medications should be considered when appropriate to treat children and adolescents with obesity. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and long-term safety of FDA-approved and off-label medications for obesity treatment in pediatric patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140838701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Different Shades of Thermogenic Adipose Tissue 不同颜色的致热脂肪组织

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00559-y

Yunwen Hu, Yijie Huang, Yangjing Jiang, Lvkan Weng, Zhaohua Cai, Ben He

{"title":"The Different Shades of Thermogenic Adipose Tissue","authors":"Yunwen Hu, Yijie Huang, Yangjing Jiang, Lvkan Weng, Zhaohua Cai, Ben He","doi":"10.1007/s13679-024-00559-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-024-00559-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>By providing a concise overview of adipose tissue types, elucidating the regulation of adipose thermogenic capacity in both physiological contexts and chronic wasting diseases (a protracted hypermetabolic state that precipitates sustained catabolism and consequent progressive corporeal atrophy), and most importantly, delving into the ongoing discourse regarding the role of adipose tissue thermogenic activation in chronic wasting diseases, this review aims to provide researchers with a comprehensive understanding of the field.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>Adipose tissue, traditionally classified as white, brown, and beige (brite) based on its thermogenic activity and potential, is intricately regulated by complex mechanisms in response to exercise or cold exposure. This regulation is adipose depot-specific and dependent on the duration of exposure. Excessive thermogenic activation of adipose tissue has been observed in chronic wasting diseases and has been considered a pathological factor that accelerates disease progression. However, this conclusion may be confounded by the detrimental effects of excessive lipolysis. Recent research also suggests that such activation may play a beneficial role in the early stages of chronic wasting disease and provide potential therapeutic effects.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>A more comprehensive understanding of the changes in adipose tissue thermogenesis under physiological and pathological conditions, as well as the underlying regulatory mechanisms, is essential for the development of novel interventions to improve health and prevent disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140597610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Specific and Non-specific Aspects and Future Challenges of ICU Care Among COVID-19 Patients with Obesity: A Narrative Review COVID-19 肥胖症患者重症监护室护理的特殊和非特殊方面及未来挑战：叙述性综述

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-024-00562-3

Alexandra Beurton, Emma J. Kooistra, Audrey De Jong, Helmut Schiffl, Mercedes Jourdain, Bruno Garcia, Damien Vimpère, Samir Jaber, Peter Pickkers, Laurent Papazian

{"title":"Specific and Non-specific Aspects and Future Challenges of ICU Care Among COVID-19 Patients with Obesity: A Narrative Review","authors":"Alexandra Beurton, Emma J. Kooistra, Audrey De Jong, Helmut Schiffl, Mercedes Jourdain, Bruno Garcia, Damien Vimpère, Samir Jaber, Peter Pickkers, Laurent Papazian","doi":"10.1007/s13679-024-00562-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-024-00562-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose of Review</h3><p>Since the end of 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has infected nearly 800 million people and caused almost seven million deaths. Obesity was quickly identified as a risk factor for severe COVID-19, ICU admission, acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ support including mechanical ventilation and prolonged length of stay. The relationship among obesity; COVID-19; and respiratory, thrombotic, and renal complications upon admission to the ICU is unclear.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Recent Findings</h3><p>The predominant effect of a hyperinflammatory status or a cytokine storm has been suggested in patients with obesity, but more recent studies have challenged this hypothesis. Numerous studies have also shown increased mortality among critically ill patients with obesity and COVID-19, casting doubt on the obesity paradox, with survival advantages with overweight and mild obesity being reported in other ICU syndromes. Finally, it is now clear that the increase in the global prevalence of overweight and obesity is a major public health issue that must be accompanied by a transformation of our ICUs, both in terms of equipment and human resources. Research must also focus more on these patients to improve their care.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Summary</h3><p>In this review, we focused on the central role of obesity in critically ill patients during this pandemic, highlighting its specificities during their stay in the ICU, identifying the lessons we have learned, and identifying areas for future research as well as the future challenges for ICU activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140596943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expert Opinion on the Utility of Telemedicine in Obesity Care: Recommendations on a Hybrid Multidisciplinary Integrated Care Follow-Up Algorithm. 关于远程医疗在肥胖症护理中的实用性的专家意见：关于混合式多学科综合护理随访算法的建议。

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00541-0

Fahri Bayram, Alper Sonmez, Sinem Kiyici, Feray Akbas, Meral Kucuk Yetgin, Dilek Yazici, Asim Cingi, Mehmet Sargin, Seniz Unal, Ceren Iseri, Fatih Selami Mahmutoglu, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk

{"title":"Expert Opinion on the Utility of Telemedicine in Obesity Care: Recommendations on a Hybrid Multidisciplinary Integrated Care Follow-Up Algorithm.","authors":"Fahri Bayram, Alper Sonmez, Sinem Kiyici, Feray Akbas, Meral Kucuk Yetgin, Dilek Yazici, Asim Cingi, Mehmet Sargin, Seniz Unal, Ceren Iseri, Fatih Selami Mahmutoglu, Volkan Demirhan Yumuk","doi":"10.1007/s13679-023-00541-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13679-023-00541-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The proposed expert opinion was prepared by a panel of obesity and law specialists from Turkey to review the utility of telemedicine in obesity care and to provide a guidance document with recommendations on a hybrid multidisciplinary integrated care follow-up algorithm and the legislation governing telemedicine practice to assist obesity specialists in practicing the telemedicine.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The efficacy and feasibility of telemedicine interventions in supporting obesity management programs even during pandemics confirm that obesity is a particularly well-suited field for telemedicine, emphasizing the strong likelihood of continued utilization of telemedicine in obesity management, beyond the pandemic period. Telemedicine has great potential to address several barriers to ongoing weight-management care, such as challenges of access to specialized care, cost, and time limitations as well as patient adherence to treatment. However, telemedicine practice should complement rather than replace the in-person visits which are unique in building rapport and offering social support. Accordingly, the participating experts recommend the use of a hybrid integrated care model in the management of obesity, with the use of telemedicine, as an adjunct to in-person visits, to enable the provision of suggested intensive obesity management via frequent visits by a multidisciplinary team of obesity specialists. Further research addressing the utility of telemedicine in terms of optimal modality and duration for successful long-term obesity management outcomes is necessary to develop specific guidelines on telemedicine practice. In addition, the legislation governing the norms and protocols on confidentiality, privacy, access, and liability needs to be improved.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Weight Loss Diets, Fads, and Trends. 减肥饮食、时尚和趋势。

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00529-w

Shivani Jani, Anna Bradley

引用次数: 0

Body Composition Changes in Adolescents Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 接受减肥手术的青少年的身体成分变化：系统回顾与元分析》。

IF 9.5 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00549-6

Andréa Bezerra, Giorjines Boppre, Laura Freitas, Francesca Battista, Federica Duregon, Sara Faggian, Luca Busetto, Andrea Ermolao, Hélder Fonseca

{"title":"Body Composition Changes in Adolescents Who Underwent Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Andréa Bezerra, Giorjines Boppre, Laura Freitas, Francesca Battista, Federica Duregon, Sara Faggian, Luca Busetto, Andrea Ermolao, Hélder Fonseca","doi":"10.1007/s13679-023-00549-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13679-023-00549-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The purpose of this review and meta-analysis is to characterize the changes in body composition of children and adolescents who underwent bariatric surgery and identify possible negative effects of performing this procedure during pediatric ages.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Bariatric surgery in children and adolescents is an emerging strategy to promote higher and faster body weight and fat mass losses. However, possible negative effects usually observed in surgical patients' muscle-skeletal system raise a major concern perform this intervention during growth. Despite these possible issues, most experimental studies and reviews analyze bariatric surgery's effectiveness only by assessing anthropometric outcomes such as body weight and BMI, disregarding the short- and long-term impact of bariatric surgery on all body composition outcomes. Bariatric surgery is effective to reduce fat mass in adolescents, as well as body weight, waist circumference, and BMI. Significant reduction in lean mass and fat-free mass is also observed. Bone mass seems not to be impaired. All outcomes reduction were observed only in the first 12 months after surgery. Sensitivity analysis suggests possible sex and type of surgery-related differences, favoring a higher fat mass, body weight, and BMI losses in boys and in patients who underwent RYGB.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10933211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Physiological Effects of Weight-Cycling: A Review of Current Evidence. 负重循环的生理效应：当前证据综述

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00539-8

Nora Sanaya, Monika Janusaite, Maria Dalamaga, Faidon Magkos

{"title":"The Physiological Effects of Weight-Cycling: A Review of Current Evidence.","authors":"Nora Sanaya, Monika Janusaite, Maria Dalamaga, Faidon Magkos","doi":"10.1007/s13679-023-00539-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13679-023-00539-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>There is a common perception among the public that yo-yo dieting, defined as repeated cycles of weight loss followed by weight regain, results in accumulation of fat in the body and lower metabolic rate, thus hindering subsequent attempts to lose weight. We evaluated the effects of weight-cycling on body weight and body mass index (BMI), body composition including fat mass (FM) and lean body mass (LBM), and resting metabolic rate (RMR), by systematically reviewing existing scientific literature.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Twenty-three cross-sectional and cohort studies (including subjects with a history of weight-cycling compared to those without such history) and interventional studies (evaluating physiological effects during one or more cycles of weight loss and regain) were identified, conducted in generally healthy adults across various age groups, races, and both genders, who had normal weight, overweight, or obesity. Eighteen studies investigated the association between weight-cycling and body weight or BMI, and thirteen of them found no significant association. Fifteen out of twenty studies also found no increase in FM, and none of eighteen studies found a decrease in LBM. Twelve out of fourteen studies reported no adverse changes in RMR either. The overwhelming majority of evidence suggests that weight-cycling (yo-yo effect) is not associated with any adverse effects in body weight, body composition, and metabolic rate. Accordingly, healthy individuals who struggle with overweight or obesity should not be discouraged from repeated attempts to lose the excess weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects. 多囊卵巢综合征的下丘脑-卵巢轴与肥胖的关系：多囊卵巢综合征的生理病理及代谢和炎症方面的治疗方案。

IF 8.8 2区医学

Current Obesity Reports Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-023-00531-2

Maria Serena Lonardo, Nunzia Cacciapuoti, Bruna Guida, Mariana Di Lorenzo, Martina Chiurazzi, Simona Damiano, Ciro Menale

{"title":"Hypothalamic-Ovarian axis and Adiposity Relationship in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Physiopathology and Therapeutic Options for the Management of Metabolic and Inflammatory Aspects.","authors":"Maria Serena Lonardo, Nunzia Cacciapuoti, Bruna Guida, Mariana Di Lorenzo, Martina Chiurazzi, Simona Damiano, Ciro Menale","doi":"10.1007/s13679-023-00531-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13679-023-00531-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>The goal of the present review is to address the main adiposity-related alterations in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) focusing on hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (H-P-O) axis and to provide an overview of nutraceutical and pharmacological therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Female reproduction is a complex and delicate interplay between neuroendocrine signals involving the H-P-O axis. Elements that disrupt the balance of these interactions can lead to metabolic and reproductive disorders, such as PCOS. This disorder includes menstrual, metabolic, and biochemical abnormalities as well as hyperandrogenism, oligo-anovulatory menstrual cycles, insulin resistance, and hyperleptinemia which share an inflammatory state with other chronic diseases. Moreover, as in a self-feeding cycle, high androgen levels in PCOS lead to visceral fat deposition, resulting in insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, further stimulating ovarian and adrenal androgen production. In fact, regardless of age and BMI, women with PCOS have more adipose tissue and less lean mass than healthy women. Excessive adiposity, especially visceral adiposity, is capable of affecting female reproduction through direct mechanisms compromising the luteal phase, and indirect mechanisms as metabolic alterations able to affect the function of the H-P-O axis. The intricate crosstalk between adiposity, inflammatory status and H-P-O axis function contributes to the main adiposity-related alterations in PCOS, and alongside currently available hormonal treatments, nutraceutical and pharmacological therapeutic strategies can be exploited to treat these alterations, in order to enable a more comprehensive synergistic and tailored treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10846,"journal":{"name":"Current Obesity Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10933167/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139086251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0