Current pharmaceutical design最新文献

{"title":"A Spotlight on PLGA-Based Nanoparticles: Pioneering a New Era in the Therapeutics of Cardiovascular Disorders.","authors":"Neelam Sharma, Vaishnavi Chauhan, Sukhbir Singh, Philips Kumar, Sakshi Verma, Sumeet Gupta, Ladli Kishore, Shahid Nazir Wani","doi":"10.2174/0113816128361869250409171305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128361869250409171305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular disorders (CVDs) are the primary cause of mortality globally, and the community is significantly affected when young people suffer from CVDs. Coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, fibrosis, atherosclerosis, pulmonary arterial hypertension, thrombosis, and ischemic diseases are different types of CVDs, which encompass a wide range of conditions that interfere with the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The relevance of nanotechnology in the treatment of CVDs has emerged progressively in previous decades.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review offers concise insights into the physiochemical characteristics of poly (lactic-coglycolic acid) (PLGA) imperative for drug delivery. This article highlights the application of PLGA-NPs in myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, pulmonary artery hypertension, valvular heart disease, tumour thrombus, cardiac myocyte, restenosis, cardiovascular theranostics, vascular disorders, and angiogenesis. Further, this review gives updates about published patents pertaining to the current state-of-art about PLGA-NPs in CVDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An extensive review was undertaken employing the Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases using scientific papers published in peer-reviewed journals from 2000 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Owing to their minuscule size and increased surface area accessible for surface functionalization, the PLGA-NPs offer a cutting-edge technology to provide an efficient platform for controlled and targeted drug delivery, therefore, imparting tremendous relevance in reducing the occurrence of CVDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This has been concluded that PLGA is the highly effective biodegradable copolymer, also known as \"Smart polymers,\" because of their biodegradability, biocompatibility, controlled drug release profile, and potential for surface modification with targeting molecules.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing PANoptosis for Innate Immune Response.","authors":"Ayesha Sultana, Gyas Khan, Md Sadique Hussain","doi":"10.2174/0113816128390458250423112018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128390458250423112018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Melanoma Care: Microneedles for Diagnosis and Therapeutic Precision.","authors":"Shreyansh Chauhan, Jai Naik, Preksha Vinchhi, Mayur M Patel","doi":"10.2174/0113816128384441250422045753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128384441250422045753","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Melanoma, an aggressive skin tumor derived from melanocytes, is associated with a high mortality rate attributed to its frequent metastasis, drug resistance, and high invasion rate. The current therapeutic interventions for melanoma, such as surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiation therapy, are not efficient enough to treat melanoma. The current melanoma care is associated with limitations, such as late diagnosis and staging, false positives, treatment resistance, immune-related side effects, lack of standardization, challenges in metastatic melanoma cure, high treatment costs, recurrence, etc. Conventional therapies have poor anti- cancer efficacy due to premature drug degradation, severe adverse effects owing to systemic drug exposure, and low drug concentration at the malignancy site. Moreover, the current diagnosis for melanoma is associated with painful sample collection techniques, limited imaging techniques, limited understanding of genetic markers, etc., leading to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. An extensive literature review on Microneedles (MNs) for melanoma diagnosis and treatment was conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases from 2012 to 2025. This mini-review presents the advantages of MNs over current therapy, their formulation aspects, and their advancements for the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma. MNs, an emerging drug delivery system, can efficiently penetrate the skin barriers and form reversible microchannels to deliver the drug at melanoma sites without drug leakage, mitigating the adverse effects and increasing drug accumulation. MNs also provide an excellent platform to integrate novel and conventional therapies by encompassing discrete therapeutic agents in a single matrix. Moreover, MNs can capture biomarkers by absorbing the skin Interstitial Fluid (ISF) and facilitate diagnosis by minimal biological samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) - Prevention and Therapeutic Role of Nutrition, Prebiotics, Probiotics, and Prokinetics.","authors":"Faheem Mustafa, Remesah Noor, Asifa Murtaza, Wajeeha Kanwal, Fareeha Kanwal, Tayyaba Kaleem, Farwa Munir, Rabiatul Adawiyah Binti Umar, Wan Rohani Wan Taib, Shanthi Krishnasamy, Shivani Chopra, Hitesh Chopra","doi":"10.2174/0113816128373584250407134451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128373584250407134451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition marked by an increased proliferation of bacteria in the small intestine. This leads to a range of GI symptoms and nutritional issues. This article examines the preventive and therapeutic roles of nutrition, prebiotics, probiotics, and prokinetics in managing SIBO. Finding the prevalence of SIBO in the general population is challenging due to challenges in diagnosis and different diagnostic methods. Nevertheless, SIBO has been linked to several clinical conditions, such as obesity, celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and hepatic cirrhosis. The connection between SIBO and obesity remains controversial and unclear, with contraindicating evidence regarding its prevalence and association with body mass index (BMI). Anatomical changes from surgeries may also contribute to the development of SIBO, and disruptions in the migrating motor complex (MMC) can facilitate intestinal permeability. SIBO can lead to significant malabsorption of nutrients, including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and iron, resulting in deficiencies and malnourishment. Additionally, increased levels of immunoglobulins observed point toward a possible immune response to bacterial overgrowth. Hence, understanding the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and nutritional impacts of SIBO is crucial for effective prevention and management. This article underscores the potential benefits of nutrition, including prebiotics and probiotics, in modulating gut microbiota and managing SIBO. Furthermore, prokinetics that enhance gastrointestinal motility may offer possible therapeutic advantages in the future. Continued research is necessary to clarify the underlying mechanisms and refine treatment strategies for SIBO.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143980777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Naringenin Attenuates Ox-LDL-induced Injury in HUVECs by Regulating Lipophagy Partly through the SOCE Pathway.","authors":"Linhong Jiang, Dandan Bai, Yunjun Yang, Yingying Wu, Yanran Chen, Mengyuan Wang, Wenxin Wang, Haixia Wang, Yanzhe Xiong, Siqi Zhu, Xinyu He, Jun Long, Dongping Yuan, Jingwei Chen","doi":"10.2174/0113816128335261241216110529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128335261241216110529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Naringenin (NAR) is a naturally occurring tiny molecule that has a significant role in lipid metabolism. However, the molecular mechanism by which NAR is involved in lipid metabolism to protect ECs is not clear. This study aims to investigate the effect of NAR on autophagy in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and its potential molecular mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Oxidized LDL-induced HUVECs injury in vitro was treated with NAR. Chloroquine was used as an autophagy inhibitor. Ionomycin (Iono) and 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborate (2-APB) were used as an SOCE pathway agonist and an inhibitor, respectively. The autophagy levels in HUVECs were determined by quantitative real-time PCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence methods. The concentration of calcium ions in HUVECs was measured by flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that NAR increased the viability of ox-LDL-impaired HUVECs. NAR increased the level of autophagy and decreased lipid accumulation in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, which could interfere with chloroquine. Moreover, NAR significantly downregulated the expression of STIM1 and ORAI1 proteins and Ca2+ levels in the SOCE, which could be interfered with Iono or 2-APB, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, NAR can increase autophagy levels and decrease lipid accumulation in HUVECs, eventually protecting against ox-LDL-induced injury in HUVECs, which is associated with inhibition of the SOCE pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-hypertensive Function of Plant-derived Bioactive Peptides: A Review.","authors":"Monalisa Gochhi, Priyanka Dash, Biswakanth Kar, Deepak Pradhan, Jitu Halder, Chandan Das, Vineet Kumar Rai, Saroj Kumar Rout, Goutam Ghosh, Goutam Rath","doi":"10.2174/0113816128386781250415105515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128386781250415105515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension is considered to be a crucial factor in the development of chronic diseases like obesity, diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD). Several conventional medications are frequently used to manage hypertension. However, they have certain adverse effects that limit their use. Therefore, alternative medications, including bioactive peptides, could be valuable in managing CVD because they are safer, less expensive, and more effective. In light of this, this article aimed to explore the potential application of plantderived peptides for their efficient role in ameliorating hypertension. In particular, the authors summarise the current understanding of the anti-hypertensive function of plant-derived bioactive peptides, focusing on the source, isolation technique, purification process, and potential CVD applications. The potential antihypertensive peptides are highlighted in particular, and their molecular mechanisms, such as ACE inhibition, renin inhibition, and CCB blockers, are highlighted in terms of in vitro, in vivo, and in-silico models. Recent literature evidence revealed that plant peptides with low molecular weight show better potential for inhibiting ACE and renin. Moreover, the molecular structure, solubility, and types of amino acids play an important role in determining antihypertensive activity. This review will improve the understanding of plant-derived bioactive peptides and provide some constructive inspiration for further research and industrial application in cardiovascular disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of MicroRNAs, CircRNAs, and LncRNAs in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.","authors":"Nan Chen, Yaping Zhang, Yongning Jiang, Guangcan Gao, Jianyong Li, Wenyu Shi","doi":"10.2174/0113816128361848250401200001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128361848250401200001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) constitutes a heterogeneous hematological malignancy, often correlated with disruptions in various signaling pathways, chromosomal deletions, and gene mutations. A comprehensive grasp of CLL pathogenesis and its associated risk factors remains vital for the development of more efficacious treatment strategies. Although non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) do not encode proteins, they possess substantial regulatory influence over target genes. These ncRNAs govern a multitude of target genes implicated in the pathogenesis of CLL. Furthermore, some ncRNAs serve as prognostic markers in CLL and might contribute to overcoming chemotherapy resistance. This review determines the association between ncRNAs and the molecular mechanisms driving the onset and advancement of CLL, with particular emphasis on the roles of these ncRNAs in modulating signaling pathways, encompassing NF-κB/PI3K-AKT/TNF and P53 in CLL. It also underscores their relevance as significant biomarkers and their potential as therapeutic targets in clinical CLL settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano Selenium: A Promising Solution for Infectious Diseases - Current Status and Future Prospects.","authors":"Shaheen Husain, Rania Mohammad Sabri Sultan, Kirti Saxena, Fareha Bano, Rajat Goyal, Shivani Chopra, Hitesh Chopra, Suresh K Verma","doi":"10.2174/0113816128346637250401090138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128346637250401090138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to increasing antibiotic resistance, researchers are investigating the medicinal potential of nanoparticles, particularly their antibacterial and antiviral properties. Among other things, this concern mandates the journey for novel and more potent antibacterial drugs. The crucial role of nanoparticles in the treatment of various microbial diseases has been demonstrated in several research studies.</p><p><strong>Aim & objective: </strong>This study focuses on the role of Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) against infectious diseases, with an emphasis on exploring their probable mechanisms of action.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Nanoparticles have been exploited as delivery mechanisms and broad-spectrum inhibitors in viral and microbial studies. Their significant therapeutic potential stems from their high surface area to volume ratio, which enables diverse applications. Various materials have been employed in the synthesis of nanoparticles, each tailored to meet specific therapeutic requirements. The unique combination of biological relevance, environmental friendliness, and versatile applications makes SeNPs a promising alternative to other nanoparticles in various fields.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The therapeutic potential of nanoparticles, especially Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs), is significant and warrants further exploration. They have shown promise as delivery agents and potent materials for combating infectious diseases, making them a valuable asset in the fight against antibiotic resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are potential biological prospects because of their biocompatibility, bioavailability, and low toxicity. Size, shape, and synthesis affect SeNP uses in biological systems. SeNPs are chemopreventive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant medicines that may cure fungal, bacterial, and parasite infections, cancer, and diabetes. They have better absorption, bioavailability, and antibacterial action than micron-size particles. Their large surface area facilitates biological contact and bioactive chemical functionalization. Functionalized SeNPs are less cytotoxic than other seleniums. They prevent DNA oxidation, detoxify heavy metals, and inhibit hydroxyl radicals. In conclusion, selenium nanoparticles have considerable promise for medication delivery, antimicrobials, and cancer and diabetes treatment. They are attractive nanomedicine prospects due to their low toxicity, biocompatibility, and high bioavailability.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143982636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A killer in disguise: Button battery ingestions in acute care.","authors":"Canan Akman, Ozgur Karcioglu, Göksu Afacan Ozturk, Asli Bahar Ucar","doi":"10.2174/0113816128361865250411045020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128361865250411045020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ingestion of button batteries (BB) represents a substantial health hazard, causing more common and severe complications than most other ingested objects. While the primary mechanism of injury is alkaline caustic injury (mediated by hydroxide ions produced through electrolysis at the site of the button battery), additional pathophysiological processes include pressure-induced necrosis, accumulation of hydroxide compounds at the battery's negative pole, direct caustic tissue injury, and potential heavy metal toxicity. Full-thickness burns, esophageal perforation, tracheoesophageal and aortoesophageal fistulas are encountered shortly after exposure. Vocal cord paralysis due to BB ingestion appears to be an early sign to predict the severity of the condition. Besides expedient removal, mitigation strategies are the key to the management. Pre-BB removal using honey or sucralfate and post-removal sterile acetic acid irrigation in the operation room can alleviate complication rates. This review is intended to cover and summarize all aspects of these incidents to provide information to clinicians and healthcare personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoemulsion Technology in Oral Drug Delivery: A Path to Enhanced Solubility and Bioavailability.","authors":"Akash Vikal, Rashmi Maurya, Preeti Patel, Balak Das Kurmi","doi":"10.2174/0113816128370159250401012611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0113816128370159250401012611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoemulsions (NEs) are submicron-sized colloidal dispersions (20-500 nm) consisting of oil and aqueous phases stabilized by surfactants and cosurfactants. Despite their thermodynamic instability, NEs maintain kinetic stability, preventing separation and aggregation. This stability distinguishes them from microemulsions, which are thermodynamically stable and formed spontaneously. The emulsification process involves a reduction in Gibbs surface free energy facilitated by emulsifiers that lower interfacial tension, crucial for compensating for the high surface area associated with small droplet sizes. The Gibbs free energy reduction is vital as it helps in stabilizing nanoemulsions, while Laplace pressure, resulting from the curvature of the droplets, affects the stability and uniformity of the system. High Laplace pressures in smaller droplets can lead to coalescence, but the proper formulation with suitable surfactants can help mitigate this effect. This review investigates the hypothesis that NEs can significantly enhance the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs by optimizing their formulation and stability. We focus on the role of emulsification techniques in creating stable nanoemulsions, with particular attention to the impact of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) and critical packing parameters (CPP) on droplet size and stability. Furthermore, we provide a detailed comparison of various preparation methods, including ultrasonication and high-pressure homogenization, emphasizing their influence on droplet size, stability, and scalability. Experimental data from in vitro and in vivo studies illustrate the advantages of NEs for oral drug delivery, with findings showing significant improvements in bioavailability for poorly soluble drugs, such as paclitaxel and curcumin, under optimized formulation conditions. This review highlights the potential of NEs to overcome the limitations of traditional drug delivery systems and provides a roadmap for future research to improve their commercial viability and therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10845,"journal":{"name":"Current pharmaceutical design","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}