Jason DuBroff, Benjamin Gow-Lee, Varun Mahadevan, Sonali Palchaudhuri, Robert Martindale
{"title":"Effect of Ultra Processed Foods on Cancer Risk and Strategies for Risk Mitigation.","authors":"Jason DuBroff, Benjamin Gow-Lee, Varun Mahadevan, Sonali Palchaudhuri, Robert Martindale","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00787-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00787-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review examines the relationship between ultra-processed foods (UPFs) and cancer risk, covering UPF classification systems, epidemiological evidence, food additive regulatory frameworks, biological mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and dietary strategies to reduce risk.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>A randomized crossover study linked UPF consumption to higher caloric intake and weight gain, implicating metabolic dysfunction in cancer pathogenesis. A 2023 meta-analysis found a 13% increase in overall cancer risk per 10% increment UPF consumption, supporting landmark NutriNet-Santé cohort findings. Recent analysis identified substantial microplastic contamination in protein-based UPFs. UPFs may augment cancer risk through excess caloric intake, obesity, metabolic dysregulation, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, and exposure to potentially harmful additives and microplastics. Large cohort studies confirm elevated overall cancer risk, with colorectal cancer showing the strongest site-specific association. UPF consumption may displace minimally processed foods, which demonstrate potentially protective effects. Further research and regulatory action are needed to clarify the cumulative effects of multiple food additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel J Arenas, Sourik Beltrán, Paul Okoyeh, Horace M DeLisser
{"title":"Clarifying the Association Between Food Insecurity and Chronic Disease: Why Methods Matter.","authors":"Daniel J Arenas, Sourik Beltrán, Paul Okoyeh, Horace M DeLisser","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00782-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00782-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Food insecurity (FIS), limited or uncertain access to adequate, nutritious food, is frequently cited as associated with various chronic health conditions. With the goal of determining how these data might influence public policy and/or clinical practice, this narrative review synthesizes methodological insights from prior systematic reviews and more recent studies to critically examine the associations between FIS and the conditions of depression, anxiety, hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Numerous studies, including meta-analyses, have found that individuals screening positive for FIS are also significantly more likely to screen positive for depression or anxiety using validated tools for establishing these conditions. In contrast, the associations between FIS and cardiometabolic conditions such as hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia have been inconsistent, with rigorous meta-analyses failing to demonstrate strong associations of FIS with these conditions. These variations in findings reflect the use of self-reported disease diagnosis in contrast to measurement of blood pressure or disease biomarkers to indicate disease presence/activity; regional/geographic differences in the populations studied; and potential confounding by other conditions. While there is consistent evidence for associations of depression and anxiety with FIS, the associations between FIS and cardiometabolic diseases are complex and much less clear. In furthering our understanding of these associations and their implications for policy and clinical care, future studies should (i) emphasize measurable indicators of disease presence/activity over self-reports of disease; (ii) give greater attention to regional and population heterogeneity to better contextualize the data; (iii) more consistently account for key covariates in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies; and (iv) assess respondents' overall health-related worry or somatic symptom burden, when self-reports are used as indicators of disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148590459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Zoe Memel, Jason Dubroff, Jason P Rocha
{"title":"Magnesium: Hype and Health Benefits.","authors":"Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Zoe Memel, Jason Dubroff, Jason P Rocha","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00786-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00786-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Magnesium plays an indispensable role in human health and is intricately involved in many crucial physiological and metabolic pathways. True biochemical magnesium deficiency is rarely encountered in clinical practice but subclinical and functional deficiency of magnesium appears to be more common and is reported in many chronic health disorders.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Estimating magnesium status is challenging and best evaluated by a combination of serum magnesium, urinary magnesium, and dietary magnesium intake. Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the efficacy of magnesium supplementation in various chronic disorders such as constipation, dyspepsia, mood disorders, metabolic diseases, and bone health. However, magnesium supplements are heavily advertised for several purported and hyped benefits, which require more high-quality evidence to support these claims. Caution should be exerted when supplementing magnesium to people who are predisposed to adverse effects, such as in renal insufficiency. Studies noted the significant role of magnesium in the acute management of eclampsia, asthma, and migraine. RCTs have noted a significant role of magnesium supplements in many chronic disorders, such as constipation, gastroesophageal reflux disease, metabolic dysfunction (diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity), and mood disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Milana Crevar, Adrian Esterman, Armando Maria Corsi, Vicki Waye, Colin Ireland
{"title":"Consumers' Attitudes and Preferences Towards Ingredients List, Nutrition Information and Health Warning Labelling on Alcohol Products: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Milana Crevar, Adrian Esterman, Armando Maria Corsi, Vicki Waye, Colin Ireland","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00784-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00784-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>One way to reduce the health hazards of excess alcohol consumption and the subsequent health concerns is to include information on the label. While alcoholic beverages are characterised as food, they are exempt from some of the labelling information and requirements that apply to other food items, including not requiring total ingredient lists or nutrition information. A scoping review following a systematic process was undertaken using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. This scoping review focuses on consumer preferences and attitudes relating to ingredient lists, nutrition information, and health warnings on alcohol labels. 56 papers were included in the review.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>We found that attitudes and preferences towards alcohol labels are mixed, and while consumers express interest in nutrition, ingredients and health warning information, their actual use of this information for decision-making remains limited. Those who are most likely to use information on labels, and think that the labels would influence their alcohol consumption are females, lighter drinkers and those who are more health conscious. Consumer attitudes and preferences towards alcohol labels are mixed. Consumer preferences influence and play an important role in determining acceptance of labels and what consumers want. This review has identified gaps in the literature around consumer preferences for nutrition and ingredients listings, while there is an abundance of evidence relating to health warnings on alcohol labels with mixed results.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391450/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feeding or Failing? Rethinking Nutrition Therapy in Pediatric Critical Care.","authors":"Cecilia Gállego Suárez, Nora Ponchak, Senthilkumar Sankararaman, Akash Pandey","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00785-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00785-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Malnutrition, whether pre-existing or acquired in the ICU, is common in critically ill children. This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on nutritional assessment and therapy, highlighting how illness phase, underlying disease, and medical interventions influence energy expenditure and nutrient requirements.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>International guidelines recommend comprehensive nutritional assessment and early initiation of enteral nutrition (EN) for all patients admitted to the Pediatric ICU. However, EN is frequently underutilized or insufficient to meet metabolic demands and sometimes contraindicated. Barriers to delivery persist, and parenteral nutrition (PN) may be required when EN is not feasible or adequate. Nutrition plays a crucial yet complex role in the care of critically ill children. Optimizing individualized nutrition strategies, including timely EN and appropriate PN use, is essential to improve clinical outcomes, support recovery, and enhance long-term rehabilitation, while highlighting the need for improved implementation and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nutrigenetic Markers Related to Nutrient Metabolism, Recovery, and Performance in Athletes: a Review of Current Evidence.","authors":"Merve Özkaya, Eren Canbolat","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00783-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00783-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>This review aimed to evaluate current evidence regarding genetic markers associated with athletic performance, recovery, injury susceptibility, nutrient metabolism, responsiveness to ergogenic aids, and dietary behaviour in athletes.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Classical candidate-gene studies and contemporary genome-wide investigations have identified numerous genetic variants associated with power and endurance performance, skeletal muscle capillarization, cardiac adaptation, energy metabolism, and injury susceptibility. Variants related to carbohydrate, fat, and branched-chain amino acid metabolism may contribute to inter-individual differences in substrate utilization and exercise responses. Genetic markers associated with iron, folate, and vitamin D metabolism, as well as variants influencing caffeine metabolism and sensitivity, are also relevant to sports nutrigenetics. However, differences in sample characteristics, ancestry, sport discipline, and exercise protocols limit the consistency and generalizability of the available findings. Athletic performance and nutritional responses are polygenic and multifactorial traits. Therefore, no single genetic variant should be considered an independent determinant of performance capacity or nutritional requirements. Genetic information should be interpreted together with dietary intake, biochemical indicators, training characteristics, clinical status, and individual tolerance. Current evidence remains insufficient to support the routine use of nutritional or supplementation strategies based solely on genotype.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Probiotics on the Gut-Mammary Pathway: Implications on Infant Microbiota Transfer and Development.","authors":"Ayushi Dimri, Poonam Sharma, Reena Vishvakarma, Swati Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00781-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00781-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Transfer of microbiota from the maternal gut, during lactation, takes place via breastmilk, which establishes an intricate beneficial microbial ecosystem in the gut of the newborn. A healthy gut microbiota influences and enhances the neonatal health, and aids in multidimensional development-metabolically, immunologically, neurologically, and hormonally. Several microorganisms like Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium get transferred to the infant gut and play a key role in its colonization and programming. Administration of such microbes, or probiotics, to the mother can assist in improving the benefits imparted by breastmilk to the infant, and can also provide health benefits to the mother. In recent years, there has been a focus on related metagenomic studies and the immunological effects of individual genera have also been studied in detail. In this review, we observe the gut-mammary pathway and the different roles played by probiotics in prenatal and postnatal scenarios. We also analyze the level of evidence of potential of some promising probiotic strains in the transfer, establishment, and development of infant gut microbiota based on recently conducted studies.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The analysis of recent metagenomic studies proved that strains like Bifidobacterium infantis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and Limosilactobacillus reuteri exibit a high level of evidence in benefitting the microbiota transfer as well as establishment, diversification, and development of the infant gut ecosystem. Hence, these strains in particular, can be given as supplements to mothers during pregnancy and lactation, in order to improve their inherent immunity and the overall health of the mother-infant dyad. With the advent of metagenomics, the roles, functions and effects of microbes in the gut-mammary pathway have been re-examined. This review, critically evaluates the recent studies related to gut-mammary pathway and the different roles played by probiotics in prenatal and postnatal scenarios with particular emphasis on the strength and quality of their evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148419496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Dalamaga, Dimitrios Tsilingiris, Dimitra Petropoulou, Rodopi Emfietzoglou, Maria Kypraiou, Dimitris C Kounatidis, Natalia G Vallianou, Spyridon Karras, Faidon Magkos, Irene Karampela
{"title":"From the Vitamin D Paradox to Precision Nutrition: Targeted Supplementation, Assay Pitfalls, and Clinical Decision-Making.","authors":"Maria Dalamaga, Dimitrios Tsilingiris, Dimitra Petropoulou, Rodopi Emfietzoglou, Maria Kypraiou, Dimitris C Kounatidis, Natalia G Vallianou, Spyridon Karras, Faidon Magkos, Irene Karampela","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00780-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00780-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Vitamin D is a pleiotropic secosteroid with established skeletal functions and proposed extraskeletal effects; however, its clinical application remains contentious. Despite extensive observational evidence linking low 25(OH)D concentrations to chronic diseases, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have largely failed to confirm many of these associations. This review focuses on the practical clinical management of vitamin D, integrating determinants of vitamin D status, assay-related limitations, targeted testing, evidence-based supplementation, and decision-making within a precision-nutrition context.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>The discordance between observational and interventional evidence is partly explained by the inclusion of vitamin D-replete populations in major trials, background supplementation, non-linear dose-response relationships, and assay variability. For skeletal outcomes, clinically meaningful effects are mainly observed in deficiency, whereas selected benefits have been reported in specific populations, including mortality reduction in adults aged ≥ 75 years, a modest reduction in cancer mortality, and reduced progression to diabetes in adults with high-risk prediabetes. The 2024 Endocrine Society guideline recommends empiric supplementation for selected groups and discourages routine screening in healthy adults. Daily or weekly dosing is preferred to intermittent high-dose regimens, which may increase falls and fractures. Standardization initiatives have improved 25(OH)D measurement accuracy, but inter-method variability persists, complicating thresholds and cross-study comparisons. Genetic polymorphisms in GC, CYP2R1, CYP24A1, and VDR contribute to variability in supplementation response, although precision-nutrition approaches remain investigational. Vitamin D should be viewed as a context-dependent, threshold-driven nutrient rather than a universal preventive therapy. Clinically, priority should be given to preventing and correcting severe deficiency (< 12 ng/mL [< 30 nmol/L]), a threshold below which adverse skeletal outcomes are well documented. Supplementation should target evidence-based indications, and laboratory testing should be reserved for situations in which results inform management. Bridging evidence and practice requires trials in deficient populations, improved assay harmonization, and integration of individualized risk factors into clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13331900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epigenetic Regulations by Olive Bioactives: Targeting HDAC for Disease Prevention and Therapy.","authors":"Mousumi Debnath, Soumya Sharma, Siddhi Joshi, Dikshita Aneja","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00779-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00779-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of this review: </strong>The objective is to understand the bioactive compounds present in olive as functional natural histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and epigenetic modulators. This review focusses on oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and oleanolic acid analyzing their molecular targets, signaling pathways in major non communicable diseases. By integrating evidences from studies in cell lines, animals and preclinical studies, this review aims to identify research gaps, clarify mechanistic inconsistencies and propose future translational strategies for leveraging olive bioactives in precision epigenetic therapy.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and oleanolic acid exhibit epigenetic regulatory potential through modulation of HDAC activity. Oleuropein has been reported to promote histone acetylation leading to tumor suppressor genes and modulation of apoptosis signaling pathways. Whereas hydroxytyrosol exerts epigenetic effects by attenuating HDAC expression and oxidative stress mediated chromatin remodeling thereby influencing inflammatory metabolic gene regulation. Oleanolic acid demonstrates HDAC inhibitory potential and modulates acetylation dependent transcriptional pathways involved in cell cycle regulation, inflammation and cancer progression. Collectively they may serve as adjunct epigenetic modulators pending further validations. This review offers insights into the potential of oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and oleanolic acid as HDAC targeting agents for addressing metabolic disorders, cardiovascular protection, cancer prevention, and neurodegenerative disease therapy. These compounds also regulate glucose metabolism and glucose sensitivity, addressing metabolic disorders. They show encouraging preclinical evidence like HDAC inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148344106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaolin Li, Ming Liu, Aimei Liao, Long Pan, Jin Liu, Jingbo Zhou, Jihong Huang
{"title":"Dietary Interventions Targeting Maternal Obesity: Intergenerational Effects, Mechanisms, and Translational Insights.","authors":"Xiaolin Li, Ming Liu, Aimei Liao, Long Pan, Jin Liu, Jingbo Zhou, Jihong Huang","doi":"10.1007/s13668-026-00778-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13668-026-00778-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Maternal obesity is a major public health challenge that elevates pregnancy risks and predisposes offspring to lifelong metabolic disorders. Nutrition, as a modifiable determinant of the intrauterine environment, offers opportunities to interrupt this intergenerational cycle. This review synthesizes evidence on polyphenols, vitamins, omega-3 fatty acids, dietary fiber, probiotics, prebiotics, whole grains, and iron, highlighting underlying mechanisms and translational implications for maternal and offspring health.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Preclinical studies demonstrate that these interventions improve maternal metabolism, modulate placental function, regulate gut microbiota, alter breast milk composition, and influence epigenetic programming. Clinical evidence is relatively strong for folic acid and vitamin D, whereas evidence for dietary fiber is emerging, with long-term offspring outcomes still insufficiently investigated. Polyphenols and omega-3 fatty acids exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, but translation is constrained by low bioavailability and limited safety data. Probiotics and prebiotics show potential in modulating maternal-infant gut health, yet trial outcomes are inconsistent and strain-specific. Whole grains and fortified foods may represent feasible options for population-level implementation, although robust longitudinal studies in obese pregnancies are still lacking. Dietary interventions hold promise for mitigating maternal obesity by improving metabolism, reducing inflammation, supporting placental function, and modulating gut microbiota, breast milk composition, and epigenetic programming. However, evidence is largely preclinical and long-term human data are limited. Future research should prioritize well-designed clinical trials and personalized approaches tailored to maternal phenotype and nutritional status to enable effective, scalable strategies for breaking the intergenerational cycle of obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10844,"journal":{"name":"Current Nutrition Reports","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}