Current Cardiology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Genetic Determinants of Response to Statins in Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Ghazaleh Ghorbannezhad, Shima Mehrabadi, Negar Golampour-Shamkani, Amirhossein Barjasteh, Poorya Etesamizadeh, Mohammad Tayyebi, Majid Khazaei, Seyed Mahdi Hassanian, Gordon A Ferns, Amir Avan","doi":"10.2174/011573403X267793231220114042","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X267793231220114042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite extensive efforts to identify patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) who could most benefit from the treatment approach, patients vary in their benefit from therapy and propensity for adverse drug events. Genetic variability in individual responses to drugs (pharmacogenetics) is considered an essential determinant in responding to a drug. Thus, understanding these pharmacogenomic relationships has led to a substantial focus on mechanisms of disease and drug response. In turn, understanding the genomic and molecular bases of variables that might be involved in drug response is the main step in personalized medicine. There is a growing body of data evaluating drug-gene interactions in recent years, some of which have led to FDA recommendations and detection of markers to predict drug responses (e.g., genetic variant in VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genes for prediction of drug response in warfarin treatment). Also, statins are widely prescribed drugs for the prevention of CVD. Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin, and lovastatin are the most common statins used to manage dyslipidemia. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the pharmacogenetics of statins, which are being used to treat cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Strategies and Effective Prevention Measures for Investigating the Association Between Stroke and Sudden Cardiac Fatality.","authors":"H Nithesh Kumar, S Jeevanandham, M Shankar Ganesh, M Ashmi Sabana, P Manivasakam","doi":"10.2174/011573403X259676231222053709","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X259676231222053709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stroke-related cardiac death is a significant concern for patients with stroke and their healthcare providers. It is a complex and multifaceted condition that requires careful management of both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. This review provides an overview of the pathophysiology, risk factors, and prevention strategies for stroke-related cardiac death. The review highlights the importance of identifying and managing modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and lifestyle factors, as well as non-modifiable risk factors such as age and genetics. Additionally, the review explores emerging strategies for prevention, including the use of wearable devices and genetic testing to identify patients at risk, stem cell therapy and gene therapy for cardiac dysfunction, and precision medicine for personalized treatment plans. Despite some limitations to this review, it provides valuable insights into the current understanding of stroke-related cardiac death and identifies important areas for future research. Ultimately, the implementation of evidence-based prevention strategies and personalized treatment plans has the potential to improve outcomes for patients with stroke and reduce the burden of stroke-related cardiac death in the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11284691/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing of Surgery for Asymptomatic Primary Mitral Regurgitation: Possible Value of Early, Serial Measurements of Left Ventricular Sphericity.","authors":"Alfred Stanley, Constantine Athanasuleas","doi":"10.2174/011573403X277223240206062319","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X277223240206062319","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Asymptomatic primary mitral regurgitation due to myxomatous degeneration of the mitral valve leaflets may remain so for long periods, even as left ventricular function progresses to a decompensated stage. During the early compensated stage, the ventricle's initial response to the volume overload is an asymmetric increase in the diastolic short axis dimension, accomplished by a diastolic shift of the interventricular septum into the right ventricular cavity, creating a more spherical left ventricular diastolic shape, increasing diastolic filling and stroke volume. Early valve repair is recommended to reduce postoperative left ventricular dysfunction. Early serial measurements of left ventricular sphericity index [LV-Si]. during the compensated stage of mitral regurgitation might identify subtle changes in left ventricular shape and assist in determining the optimal earliest timing for surgical intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107465/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139729188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Reflexes - Vagus as the Key Player.","authors":"Shantala S Herlekar, Ashwini R Doyizode, Savitri P Siddangoudra, V Anupama","doi":"10.2174/011573403X284831240408053528","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X284831240408053528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cardiac and vascular systems work in coordination by activating various reflex mechanisms based on the body's needs. These may be during physiological variations or pathophysiological changes seen in disease conditions of varying degrees of severity. This article intends to explain various reflexes involved in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system and the role of vagus as the key component in all these reflexes. The article also explains the components of the reflex arc, the stimulus and response, and the role of reflex in a few diseases. This article describes 22 different cardiovascular reflexes in detail.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11337609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140849834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Serum Follistatin-like Proteins and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Amir Mahmoud Ahmadzadeh, Rozita Khodashahi, Mahmoud Mohamadzadeh Shabestari, Mohsen Aliakbarian, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mohammad-Hassan Arjmand","doi":"10.2174/011573403X304195240715103930","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X304195240715103930","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Follistatin-like proteins (FSTLs) are adipomyokines secreted by adipocytes and myocytes. Previous studies have reported an increase in circulating FSTL1 levels in response to cardiovascular injuries. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and metaanalysis to assess the association between circulating FSTLs and Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase databases. After screening the articles, we selected eligible studies, extracted relevant data, and calculated the pooled Standardized Mean Difference (SMD). We also conducted a sensitivity analysis to identify sources of heterogeneity and assessed publication bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 577 articles initially retrieved, we included 5 studies comprising a total of 941 cases with CVDs and 446 controls. All included studies measured FSTL1 levels. The pooled SMD analysis revealed a significant difference in circulating FSTL1 levels between subjects with CVDs and control groups (SMD = 0.853, 95% CI = 0.158-1.548, P = 0.016). Heterogeneity was primarily attributed to a single study that measured FSTL1 levels in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction. No publication bias was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings demonstrate significantly higher levels of FSTL1 in patients with CVD compared to control subjects. This suggests that FSTL1 may have potential as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in CVDs. However, further well-designed studies are needed to validate its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11440331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141733741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Effects of Fasting on the Lipid Panel.","authors":"Jason Hourizadeh, Rezwan Munshi, Roman Zeltser, Amgad N Makaryus","doi":"10.2174/011573403X257173231222042846","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X257173231222042846","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dietary habits, such as the Mediterranean diet and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), have been shown to improve cardiac health. Another more recent popular form of dieting incorporates periods of fasting known as intermittent fasting. The two main forms are alternate-day fasting and time-restricted eating.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed search and literature review was undertaken. This review evaluates the current literature regarding the effects of the fasting dietary model and other types of fasting upon the lipid panel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There have been studies that have shown that intermittent fasting does provide a benefit in cardiovascular health, weight loss, and hypertension. However, the effect on cholesterol and triglyceride levels during intermittent fasting is in question.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The effect that fasting has on one's lipid panel is unclear, there are studies that show that different forms of fasting affect the lipid panel in various ways. There are studies that show that intermittent fasting does improve one's lipid profile and provides health benefits. Randomized controlled clinical trials with a large sample size are needed to evaluate the effects that intermittent fasting has based on race, ethnicity, gender, obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetic and healthy patients, and will lead to definitive evidence of lipid panel outcomes beyond current evidence based solely upon observational cohorts with numerous and multifactorial confounding factors and biases.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuchal Translucency and Congenital Heart Defects.","authors":"A Sofia-Gonçalves, L Guedes-Martins","doi":"10.2174/011573403X264963231128045500","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X264963231128045500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nuchal translucency comprises a temporary accumulation of fluid in the subcutaneous tissue on the back of a fetus's neck, which accompanies the <i>crown-rump length</i> and is observed through an ultrasound performed between 11 and 13 weeks + 6 days gestation. Nuchal translucency is considered to be above normal when values are higher than the 95th/99th percentile or equal to or higher than 2.5/3.5 mm. The first connection between increased nuchal translucency and the presence of congenital heart defects is described in the study of <i>Hyett et al</i>., who observed that they are directly proportional. Since that time, several studies have been conducted to understand if nuchal translucency measurements can be used for congenital heart defect screening in euploid fetuses. However, there is great variability in the estimated nuchal translucency cutoff values for congenital heart defect detection. The purpose of this review was to understand how increased nuchal translucency values and congenital heart defects are related and to identify which of these defects are more frequently associated with an increase in these values.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11107467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicinal Plants in the Treatment of Myocardial Infarction Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Anamika Rathore, Anuj Kumar Sharma, Yogesh Murti, Sonal Bansal, Vibha Kumari, Varsha Snehi, Mayank Kulshreshtha","doi":"10.2174/011573403X278881240405044328","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X278881240405044328","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myocardial infarction (MI), also referred to as a \"heart attack,\" is brought on by a partial or total interruption of blood supply to the myocardium. Myocardial infarction can be \"silent,\" go undiagnosed, or it can be a catastrophic occurrence that results in hemodynamic decline and untimely death. In recent years, herbal remedies for MI have become effective, secure, and readily accessible.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this review was to examine the medicinal plants and phytochemicals that have been used to treat MI in order to assess the potential contribution of natural substances to the development of herbal MI treatments.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A literature search was employed to find information utilizing electronic databases, such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, Sci Finder, Reaxys, and Cochrane.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The identification of 140 plants from 12 families led to the abstraction of data on the plant families, parts of the plant employed, chemical contents, extracts, model used, and dose.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The majority of the MI plants, according to the data, belonged to the Fabaceae (11%) and Asteraceae (9%) families, and the most prevalent natural components in plants with MI were flavonoids (43%), glucosides (25%), alkaloids (23%), phenolic acid (19%), saponins (15%), and tannins (12%).</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11327834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Herbal Interventions for the Management of Cardiovascular Diseases.","authors":"Ankita Wal, Neha Verma, Senthil Kumar Balakrishnan, Vinod Gahlot, Sumeet Dwivedi, Pankaj Kumar Sahu, Mohammad Tabish, Pranay Wal","doi":"10.2174/011573403X286573240422104647","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X286573240422104647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant global health burden, necessitating diverse approaches for effective management. Herbal interventions have gained attention as potential adjuncts or alternatives to conventional therapies due to their perceived safety and therapeutic potential. This structured abstract provides a comprehensive review of herbal interventions for the management of CVDs, summarising key findings, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of various herbal interventions employed for managing cardiovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted an extensive literature search across electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception to 2022. Studies were included if they investigated the use of herbal remedies for preventing or treating CVDs. Data extraction and synthesis focused on botanical sources, active compounds, mechanisms of action, and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>Numerous herbal interventions have demonstrated promising cardiovascular benefits. A number of medicinal herbs well identified to treat CVD are <i>Moringaoleifera, Ginseng, Ginkgo biloba, Celosia argentea, Gongronematrifolium, Gynostemmapentaphyllum, Bombaxceiba, Gentianalutea, Allium sativum, Crataegus spp, Curcuma longa, Camellia sinensis, and Zingiber officinale</i>. Mechanistic insights reveal that herbal interventions often target multiple pathways involved in CVD pathogenesis. These mechanisms encompass anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-thrombotic, anti-hypertensive, and lipid-lowering effects. Additionally, some herbs enhance endothelial function, promote nitric oxide production, and exert vasodilatory effects, contributing to improved cardiovascular health. Clinical studies have provided evidence of the efficacy of certain herbal interventions in reducing CVD risk factors and improving patient outcomes. However, more rigorous, large-scale clinical trials are needed to establish their long-term safety and effectiveness. It is crucial to consider potential herb-drug interactions and standardise dosages for reliable therapeutic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive review highlights the potential of herbal interventions as valuable adjuncts or alternatives for managing cardiovascular diseases. Herbal remedies offer diverse mechanisms of action, targeting key CVD risk factors and pathways. While promising, their clinical utility warrants further investigation through well-designed trials to establish their safety and efficacy, paving the way for integrated approaches to cardiovascular disease management. Healthcare providers and patients should engage in informed discussions about the use of herbal interventions alongside conventional therapies in the context of CVD prevention and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11337612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross Talks between CNS and CVS Diseases: An Alliance to Annihilate.","authors":"Shivani Chib, Sushma Devi, Rishabh Chalotra, Neeraj Mittal, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Puneet Kumar, Randhir Singh","doi":"10.2174/011573403X278550240221112636","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X278550240221112636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular and neurological diseases cause substantial morbidity and mortality globally. Moreover, cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. About 17.9 million people are affected by cardiovascular diseases and 6.8 million people die every year due to neurological diseases. The common neurologic manifestations of cardiovascular illness include stroke syndrome which is responsible for unconsciousness and several other morbidities significantly diminished the quality of life of patients. Therefore, it is prudent need to explore the mechanistic and molecular connection between cardiovascular disorders and neurological disorders. The present review emphasizes the association between cardiovascular and neurological diseases specifically Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11284694/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140027608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}