Current Cardiology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Causality of the Metabolic Syndrome and its Ingredients on Cardiovascular Disease: A Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Siyu Yang, Huazhao Yang, Zhenyu Quan","doi":"10.2174/011573403X442241260215222839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X442241260215222839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It is well-established that metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its ingredients increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, evidence of the causal link at the genetic level is limited. The current study explored the causal relationship between MetS and its ingredients and six types of CVDs using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR), which may be helpful for the early prevention and screening of CVDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Several appropriate single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables for MetS. The random-effects inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the dominant method. The threshold value was set at P<1.39E-03. MR-Egger and weighted median methods were utilized as additional tests to the MR analysis. Finally, methods such as Cochran's Q test were used to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of data from subjects of European ancestry revealed that genetically predicted MetS has a significant causal link with myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF). Significant causal effects were found between type 2 diabetes (T2D) and ischemic stroke (IS), MI, and coronary artery disease (CAD). Hypertension was causally associated with stroke, MI, CAD, and atrial fibrillation (AF). Meanwhile, a causal association was found between obesity and MI and CAD. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was causally associated with stroke and MI. Triglyceride was causally associated with MI and CAD.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study utilized 18 publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics and three commonly used MR methods. Through various sensitivity validations, the reliability was verified. The results revealed 15 significant causal relationships between MetS and its components and six types of CVDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The two-sample MR study reveals causal associations between MetS and its ingredients and six types of CVDs. Thus, early prevention and management of MetS and its ingredients remain a cornerstone of CVD prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Detection of Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction.","authors":"Ling Li, Gary Tse, George Bazoukis, Rajesh Rajan, Songbin He, Jiaoxuan Dong, Fangyu Dai, Xinhong Wang, Haipeng Liu","doi":"10.2174/011573403X421674260106111919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X421674260106111919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction (CMVD) can lead to myocardial ischemia and increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. In clinical practice, early and accurate diagnosis of CMVD is essential for effective intervention and management. However, because CMVD and obstructive coronary artery disease share similar clinical presentations, distinguishing CMVD remains challenging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a narrative review by searching PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Two reviewers independently screened studies and extracted technical and clinical details from the included articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This review elaborates on noninvasive tools for CMVD evaluation. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) quantifies Myocardial Blood Flow (MBF). Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) provides a quantitative myocardial perfusion reserve index. Myocardial computed tomography perfusion, in static or dynamic modes, enables concurrent anatomic and functional assessment. Echocardiography includes transthoracic Doppler-derived coronary flow reserve and myocardial contrast echocardiography for bedside perfusion evaluation. SPECT supports MBF quantification in selected settings. CMVD pathobiology is reflected in circulating biomarkers, with microRNAs showing promise. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and computational fluid dynamics can further assist in noninvasive CMVD diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Each imaging modality has distinct strengths and limitations. Blood biomarkers and computational models are promising for scalable clinical use, but require confirmation in prospective studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiovascular imaging and circulating biomarkers reveal CMVD-related changes in anatomy, hemodynamics, and metabolism, while computational models can improve diagnostic precision. Future research should include large, multicenter, prospective studies, such as trials comparing the diagnostic accuracy of AI-enhanced CMR with the invasive gold standard, the index of microvascular resistance, to validate these methods and establish integrated, cost-effective diagnostic pathways for early CMVD detection across diverse cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148204401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Firmicutes in Coronary Artery Disease: A Taxonomic-Level Meta-Analysis of Mendelian Randomization Studies.","authors":"Pooja Suchday, Anushka Dhabuwala, Parth Adrejiya, Prakhar Bajpai, Tunisha Shital Shingala, Kesar Prajapati, Viral Patel, Krishidhar Nunna, Rupak Desai","doi":"10.2174/011573403X432303260316044935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X432303260316044935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction/objective: </strong>The Gut Microbiome (GM) plays a critical role in cholesterol metabolism through the production of metabolites such as trimethylamine N-oxide and shortchain fatty acids, contributing to inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and host gene regulation. This study aims to taxonomically characterize gut microbial profiles, evaluate their association with coronary artery disease, and explore the potential therapeutic implications of microbiome- mediated cardiometabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We pooled data from six Mendelian Randomization studies that utilized the MiBio- Gen consortium and CAD, and cardiovascular risk GWAS data from CARDIoGRAMplusC4D, FinnGen, and UK Biobank databases. Within the phylum Firmicutes, inverse variance weighted analysis was used to estimate the association between: (1) protective effects of Clostridiales vadinBB60 group, Genus Butyricicoccus, Genus Ruminococcus UCG010, Coprococcus 1, Intestinibacter, Ruminiclostridium 6, Anaerotruncus, and Family Acidaminococcaceae; and (2) causative effects of Clostridium innocuum group, Genus Turicibacter, Eisenbergiella, Holdemanella, Eubacterium, Coprostanoligenes group, Ruminococcaceae UCG005, and Genus Catenibacterium on CAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher levels of phylum Firmicutes exhibit a statistically significant protective effect on CAD (OR: 0.880, 95% CI: 0.853-0.907), with low heterogeneity (I² = 20%, P = 0.857). Conversely, an increased abundance of Firmicutes also correlates with a higher risk of CAD (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.06-1.14), showing low heterogeneity (I² = 20%, P = 0.90). Leave-one-out sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these results.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings highlight a significant relationship between gut microbiome dysbiosis and adverse cardiometabolic outcomes, potentially mediated through inflammatory pathways, metabolic signaling, and microbial metabolite production. These results support the growing role of microbiome-targeted interventions as emerging strategies for cardiometabolic risk modification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Firmicutes exhibit both protective and causative effects on CAD. These findings highlight the complexity of the gut microbiome's role in cardiovascular diseases. Further detailed research on the mechanisms by which specific bacteria at the lower taxonomic levels exert this effect is imperative to understand this complex relationship and its clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hybrid TEVAR with Carotid-Subclavian Bypass as a Frontier in Chronic Aortic Dissection Treatment in a Rural Area: A Case Report.","authors":"Akbar Fadilah, Veny Mayangsari, Novi Kurnianingsih, Dea Arie Kurniawan","doi":"10.2174/011573403X428634260427071902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X428634260427071902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Managing chronic type B aortic dissection (cTBAD) is difficult when the anatomy of the arch makes standard TEVAR impossible and advanced devices are not available. This is often the case in rural areas where referrals take a long time.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 49-year-old male from rural Indonesia exhibited acute-on-chronic DeBakey III aortic dissection, complicated by critical right leg ischemia resulting from dynamic iliac obstruction. Prior instances of chest pain in 2019 were inaccurately diagnosed, postponing conclusive assessment. CT angiography showed cTBAD with an insufficient proximal landing zone in Ishimaru Zone 2. A staged hybrid strategy was used that combined a carotid-subclavian bypass with thoracic endovascular aortic repair using off-the-shelf devices. This method restored blood flow to the limbs, resulted in complete thoracic false-lumen thrombosis without endoleak, and led to a smooth recovery with good functional status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrates that hybrid arch debranching and TEVAR can offer a safe and long-lasting solution for complex cTBAD in resource-constrained rural centers, contingent upon meticulous planning and conventional imaging. It emphasizes the necessity for prompt identification of atypical chest pain, timely referral, and practical modification of endovascular techniques to accommodate local limitations to avert late malperfusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Risks and Underlying Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation after Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Tian-Peng Wei, Xiao-Lu Zhang, Wen-Rui Wang, Ling-Ling Qian, Ru-Xing Wang","doi":"10.2174/011573403X461168260504234834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X461168260504234834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial Fibrillation (AF) following Myocardial Infarction (MI) is a common clinical complication that significantly impairs patient prognosis and quality of life. This review examines the clinical risks and underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of post-MI AF. The pathophysiology of AF after MI involves multiple maladaptive processes, particularly atrial structural and electrical remodeling, which collectively establish the arrhythmogenic substrate. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms contributing to AF in the post-infarction setting. Furthermore, it was synthesized current evidence on pharmacological interventions targeting this substrate, highlighting four primary mechanisms of action: anti-fibrotic effects, modulation of calcium homeostasis, endogenous hormone regulation, and anti-inflammatory actions. Consequently, elucidating the complex and dynamic pathophysiological changes that drive atrial fibrillation after myocardial infarction may inform the development of targeted therapeutic strategies for post-infarction AF.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148143112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Application of Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Gift Echefu, Paschalyn Ukwuani, John Ogedegbe, Ryan Sullivan, Adedayo Adeboye, Damodar Kumbala, Uzoma Ibebuogu","doi":"10.2174/011573403X419712260403001440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X419712260403001440","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic kidney disease [CKD] is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications, heart failure admission, chronic coronary artery disease, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. The likelihood of this risk escalates with disease progression to more advanced stages. Therefore, early detection of cardiac disease, screening for risk factors, and implementing preventive and treatment options are essential in managing patients with advanced chronic renal disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA)8 was applied to report this narrative review. Databases including PubMed (MEDLINE), Cochrane, EMBASE, and CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature) were searched for relevant papers published up to March 2025. Cohort studies and randomized clinical trials on cardiac biomarkers in chronic renal disease, including dialysis, were included in the review.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Traditional and novel biomarkers enhance understanding of cardiorenal dysfunction through insight into endothelial dysfunction, hemodynamic alterations, myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling, presenting opportunities for personalized risk assessment. The integration of multimarker strategies could improve prognostic accuracy compared to traditional risk scores alone. The interpretation of these biomarkers in CKD can be complex, since their elevation does not necessarily indicate pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to cardiovascular disease alone, but rather decreased urine clearance with retention of solutes and/or overall chronic inflammation associated with CKD. A key concern regarding the therapeutic usefulness of these markers arises from the lack of targeted research and validation in randomized trials.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article reviews both established traditional, non-traditional, and emerging laboratory biomarkers for the screening of cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147980848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Today: Integrating Myosin Inhibition with Established Strategies.","authors":"Özden Seçkin, Serkan Ünlü","doi":"10.2174/011573403X452680260226034737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X452680260226034737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study is to provide an up-to-date synthesis of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), integrating progress in imaging, genetics, and therapeutics (especially cardiac myosin inhibitors) while emphasizing individualized care for obstructive and nonobstructive disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review discusses contemporary literature on HCM, including epidemiology, mechanisms, diagnostic tools, and management. Particular emphasis is placed on multimodality imaging (echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance), risk stratification methods, and trial evidence for mavacamten and aficamten.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the past two decades, earlier diagnosis and better risk assessment have helped reduce HCM-related mortality. In obstructive HCM, cardiac myosin inhibitors have shown consistent benefits on symptoms, LV outflow tract gradients, and functional capacity. By contrast, nonobstructive HCM remains harder to treat, and some patients progress to advanced heart failure. Biomarkers, strain parameters, and CMR fibrosis quantification may support longitudinal monitoring.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Myosin inhibition has changed the therapeutic landscape for obstructive HCM and may extend beyond symptom relief, but long-term safety and broader applicability remain unclear. The expanding use of advanced imaging and biomarkers is key to individualized decision-making and risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HCM is not static; with careful follow-up and multidisciplinary care, outcomes are increasingly favorable. Integrating newer biologic therapies with established management remains a priority, while access and unmet needs (particularly in non-obstructive HCM) still require attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147971061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Synergistic Roles of Lifestyle and Community Interventions.","authors":"Abdul Qadir Nawabi, Kadir Uludag, Hongjian Dong, Li Chen Juan","doi":"10.2174/011573403X404394251202121256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X404394251202121256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Among cardiovascular diseases, coronary heart disease (CHD) represents a major public health challenge, being a leading cause of mortality worldwide. While significant advancements in surgical and pharmacological treatments have improved patient outcomes, primary prevention through modifiable lifestyle factors remains paramount. This review aims to synthesize recent literature highlighting the critical role of dietary habits, physical activity, and psychological interventions as integral elements in the comprehensive management of CHD. A thorough narrative review was conducted using major scientific databases. Our review shows that certain dietary patterns enhance cardiac and vascular health by positively influencing blood pressure, improving cholesterol levels, and stabilizing plasma glucose levels. Engagement in regular, moderate-intensity physical activity has been linked to improved cardiac function and a decreased risk of developing CHD. Furthermore, psychological interventions were identified as beneficial in promoting adherence to healthy behaviors and mitigating stress, a recognized cardiovascular risk factor. The findings reviewed support the integral role of a multifaceted lifestyle approach in effective CHD management. Adoption of healthy dietary patterns, consistent engagement in physical activity, and attention to psychological well-being collectively offer a powerful strategy for mitigating CHD risk and promoting sustained cardiovascular health.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147970949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Thiamine in Pediatric CHD: Effects on LV Function and MMP-9/TIMP-1.","authors":"Putri Amelia, Henry Salim Siregar, Tina Christina Tobing, Mulyadi M Djer, Ayodhia Pitaloka Pasaribu, Oke Rina Ramayani, Mustafa Mahmud Amin, Muhammad Rusda, Dina Keumala Sari","doi":"10.2174/011573403X427433260224043610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X427433260224043610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) represents the predominant form of congenital anomaly and occurs in approximately 0.8% of live births. Surgical correction is the definitive method used to treat CHD; however, postoperative complications can increase the risk of mortality and morbidity. Transcatheter closure has emerged as an alternative therapy for some CHD with left-to-right shunts, providing outcomes comparable with those of surgical correction. This narrative review was conducted to synthesize existing literature on the effect of thiamine supplementation in pediatric patients undergoing transcatheter closure for left-to-right shunt CHD. Thiamine deficiency in pediatric heart disease can weaken the heart by reducing its energy supply. Conversely, harmful changes to the heart's structure are linked to a specific enzyme balance. Since evidence suggests thiamine can correct this imbalance, thiamine supplementation may represent a therapeutic strategy to improve heart structure and function after treatment. In individuals with systolic heart failure, supplementation with thiamine has been associated with an enhancement in Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF). Thiamine acts directly on cardiomyocytes, enhancing energy production and improving cardiac function. Therefore, thiamine administration during transcatheter closure is expected to stabilize the Matrix Metalloproteinase- 9 (MMP-9) and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) levels, which may enhance or improve left ventricular function and dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147971023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State-of-the-Art Strategies in Heart Failure Screening.","authors":"Mahmoud M Ramadan, Abdelrahman Nouh, Hamza Haj-Mohamed, Abdulrahman E Alayyaf, Rola H Salloum, Omar M Haj, Hala W Sahli, Nour S Mustafa","doi":"10.2174/011573403X459509260408061758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X459509260408061758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heart Failure (HF) is a major global health concern affecting approximately 64 million individuals. Because early asymptomatic stages are frequently overlooked, many patients are diagnosed late, after preventable morbidity and hospitalization. Screening that identifies high-risk individuals earlier may enable timely intervention and disease modification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review searched PubMed and Embase for English-language literature published between 2018 and 2025 on HF screening. Search themes included heart failure, early detection, screening strategies, natriuretic peptides, biomarkers, echocardiography, cardiac imaging, digital health, wearable technologies, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Relevant guidelines, clinical studies, meta-analyses, and review articles were evaluated and synthesized with emphasis on diagnostic performance, feasibility, and implementation across different healthcare settings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Targeted screening of high-risk groups (e.g., hypertensives, diabetics, those with established cardiovascular diseases) was consistently more effective than symptom-based evaluation. Natriuretic peptides (BNP/NT-proBNP) showed high sensitivity for ruling out HF in non-acute settings and for biomarker triage of individuals at increased risk, while echocardiography remained the cornerstone for confirmatory structural and functional assessment. Digital health tools, including wearables and AI-driven algorithms, showed promise for widely applicable risk stratification and remote monitoring, although performance and feasibility varied by setting.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Key gaps include limited prospective outcome-driven trials, heterogeneity of screening thresholds and pathways, disparities in access to biomarkers and imaging, and unresolved issues in data quality, privacy, bias, and workflow integration for digital/AI approaches in practice.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrated, stepwise HF screening frameworks that combine risk stratification, biomarker triage, confirmatory imaging, and context-appropriate digital support may facilitate earlier detection and link positive screens to practical preventive and therapeutic care. Future research should prioritize context-adapted pathways and randomized evaluations of patientcentred outcomes and cost-effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147722107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}