Current Cardiology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Lung Fluid Monitoring: A Novel Pulmonary Health Assessment Framework for CHF Patients.","authors":"Jayasanthi M, Rajendiran G","doi":"10.2174/011573403X420673251209214056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X420673251209214056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a chronic condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the thoracic region due to impaired cardiac function. It poses a significant global health burden, contributing to frequent hospitalizations and high healthcare costs. Since fluid overload is a key driver of CHF exacerbations, continuous monitoring of thoracic fluid, particularly in the lungs, is crucial for early detection and management. This study aims to develop a novel, non-invasive method for estimating thoracic fluid using impedance cardiography, with an emphasis on improving measurement accuracy and real-time applicability.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The proposed approach utilizes impedance cardiography and focuses on optimizing electrode placement to enhance signal fidelity. By refining the electrode configuration, the system aims to improve the precision of fluid volume assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Enhanced electrode configuration significantly boosts measurement precision, enabling earlier detection of fluid retention. Continuous monitoring during acute CHF treatment provides objective and quantitative insights into fluid status.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results indicate that lung impedance provides a clearer picture of fluid buildup in the lungs than general thoracic impedance, especially in heart failure cases. As patients improved, lung impedance values rose consistently, reflecting the reduction in fluid more accurately than other methods. Furthermore, comprehensive hemodynamic evaluation is crucial for defining distinct heart failure phenotypes. Identifying clinical profiles with preserved versus reduced ejection fraction, or classifying patients into wet-dry and warm-cold categories help guide therapy selection and stratify patient risk. Combining impedance-derived fluid measurements with such hemodynamic profiling could lead to more personalized treatment strategies, improve the prediction of decompensation events, and optimize clinical management.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed method offers a promising solution for real-time, non-invasive monitoring of thoracic fluid in CHF patients. It supports more personalized and timely clinical interventions, potentially reducing hospitalizations and improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148396256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven Approach to Treat Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Review on Integration of AlphaFold in Cardiovascular Genomics.","authors":"Hira Mubeen, Madiha Khan, Irzam Kainat Rana, Sana Amir, Shiza Shahid, Muhammad Waseem Shoaib, Aawaiz Iqbal","doi":"10.2174/011573403X355121251028054339","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X355121251028054339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The constantly evolving nature of diseases has put humanity in a never- ending struggle for survival, adapting to each disease and fighting the silent battles with strength. Similarly, the complex cardiovascular system needs constant monitoring to prevent potential complications of inflammation, disrupted immune responses, blockages, heart attacks, angina, and other life-threatening conditions that end up triggering acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Its symptoms range from mild to severe and are typically challenging to identify, so early detection is crucial for successful treatment and prevention. To obtain a more precise and critical understanding of the potential genetic factors contributing to developing ACS, researchers use advanced and innovative approaches, like AlphaFold and artificial intelligence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comprehensive knowledge about the integration of AlphaFold (AF) and artificial intelligence (AI) has been provided in this study, as it has completely changed how proteins interact by reliably predicting their three-dimensional structures from the order of their amino acids. Additionally, the role of immune cells in the progression of ACS has been discussed, along with therapeutic measures to treat ACS with next-generation sequencing (NGS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results have shown ischemia, plaque rupture, erosion, and thrombus formation to be the primary causes of ACS. These factors make the immune system's optimal function even more complicated, making it harder for researchers to find effective treatments for ACS patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The AlphaFold and AI have provided significant insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ACS, highlighting the complex interplay between genetic factors and immune responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This article has explored the potential of AlphaFold and AI in understanding the immunological mysteries of ACS, aiming to aid future therapeutic studies and reduce cardiovascular disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148374810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Review of Current Models and Emerging Determinants, including Biomarkers, Genetics, and Artificial Intelligence.","authors":"Omar Baqal, Areez Shafqat, Eiad Habib, Ramzi Ibrahim, Zainab Humayun, Winston Wang, Hesham Abdalla, Ahmed El-Shaer, Vijay Nambi, Salim S Virani, Regis I Fernandes","doi":"10.2174/011573403X421246251128050146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X421246251128050146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death worldwide. While advances in treatment have improved outcomes, the greatest gains in public health will come from primary prevention. Risk stratification is the foundation of CVD prevention. Traditional tools, such as pooled cohort equations (PCEs) and SCORE2, do not capture non-traditional risk factors and individual variability, driving efforts to refine existing approaches. We critically discuss emerging risk determinants for primary CVD prevention. Coronary artery calcium scoring can reclassify CVD risk but has limitations related to cost, access, and unvalidated improvements in clinical endpoints. Biomarkers such as apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(a) may identify residual risk beyond LDL-C, particularly in patients with lipid discordance, but remain underused due to uncertain thresholds and the lack of prospective triallevel outcome data. Trials of colchicine in primary prevention have yielded mixed results, making the role of targeting inflammation unclear in CVD prevention. Polygenic risk scores can stratify genetic risk but face challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and generalizability. Multiomics approaches, while offering the promise of deeper phenotyping, lack established clinical applications and consensus on when their use is appropriate. Artificial intelligence may allow better prediction across cohorts but requires broader validation. Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential, a marker of inflammation and age-related CVD risk, lacks evidence supporting routine screening or intervention in younger, asymptomatic individuals. The proliferation of new risk stratification tools poses a key challenge: determining when additional data meaningfully alter clinical decisions. Until robust outcome-based evidence emerges, risk enhancers should guide, but not dictate, therapy in selected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148359318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the Genetic Architecture of Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Review on Integrated Medical Modeling.","authors":"Hira Mubeen, Ammara Masood, Irzam Kainat Rana, Shiza Shahid, Sana Amir, Amna Saleem","doi":"10.2174/011573403X361715251205050249","DOIUrl":"10.2174/011573403X361715251205050249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic mutations contribute significantly to the complexity of understanding Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Artificial Intelligence (AI) models, including Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), have been integrated as an advanced approach to uncover hidden mutation clues for early detection and prevention of life-threatening diseases, including ACS.</p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Genetic mutations play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ACS, complicating efforts to fully characterize its underlying biological mechanisms. These mutations contribute to atherosclerosis, leading to ACS, along with other genetic disorders, making it essential to explore them using advanced AI models.</p><p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>The study focuses on the impact of genetic mutations on ACS risk and on understanding these mutations using AI tools, such as ANN, CNN, and RNN.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An innovative Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based approach was used to investigate the key loopholes associated with ACS. AlphaFold and AI models, including ANN, CNN, and RNN, were utilized to analyze genetic data and biological processes related to ACS and other genetic diseases.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>AI models have simplified the interpretation of complex genetic data, revealing how ACS-related mutations contribute to atherosclerosis by affecting molecular pathways and mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although challenges remain, the integration of AI in cardiac genetics offers promise for personalized medicine, providing timely solutions while maintaining ethical standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sudden Arrhythmic Death Presenting with Convulsive Syncope In A Young Man With Severe Coronary Atherosclerosis And Hyperthyroidism: A Case Report.","authors":"Chuxiong Ma, Hongmei Dong, Juan Song, Tianying Sun, Meichen Pan, Huine Liu, Changao Sun","doi":"10.2174/011573403X462847260610113913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X462847260610113913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The classic symptoms of coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD), such as chest pain, are easily recognized in clinical practice. However, atypical manifestations like convulsive syncope can lead to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, resulting in a poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report an unusual case of a 36-year-old male who experienced recurrent convulsive episodes over 2 days. Initially, on the first day, the patient was diagnosed with epilepsy in the outpatient department, although the electroencephalogram revealed no abnormalities. He was admitted the following day after experiencing a recurrence of the same symptoms. Further investigation revealed severe hyperthyroidism and an electrocardiogram showing a short PR interval and T-wave inversions. The patient ultimately succumbed to sudden cardiac arrest after the final convulsive episode, with ventricular tachycardia documented on electrocardiogram monitoring. Post-mortem examination confirmed severe CAD, left ventricular hypertrophy, and thyroid hyperplasia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most likely explanation for the patient's clinical presentation is a fatal arrhythmia arising from the synergistic effects of severe CAD, left ventricular hypertrophy, and hyperthyroidism, ultimately leading to cardiogenic syncope and sudden cardiac death. This case highlights that arrhythmias secondary to CAD can mimic epilepsy-like seizures and, therefore, need to be carefully distinguished from epilepsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Ceramide-Based Lipid Scores in Cardiovascular Disease and Heart Failure: Insights From CERT1, CERT2, and Ceramide Ratios.","authors":"Sidhartha Gautam Senapati","doi":"10.2174/011573403X468764260608103727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X468764260608103727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Residual cardiovascular risk persists despite optimal control of traditional risk factors. Ceramide-based lipid scores have emerged as novel biomarkers that may improve prognostic assessment in Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and Heart Failure (HF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature was reviewed using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, with all records up to October 2025 included. Terms like ceramide, ceramide ratios, CERT1, CERT2, lipidomics, cardiovascular disease, and heart failure were searched. The focus of the study was on prospective cohort studies, randomized trial substudies, and external validation analyses that linked ceramide-based scores to cardiovascular outcomes. Studies that only used experimental or preclinical models were excluded. If multiple papers came from the same group of patients, the most thorough or reliable ones were selected. Because of differences in how scores were constructed, tested, and reported, the findings were summarized qualitatively rather than conducted as a meta-analysis. Results In several studies, ceramide-based scores were consistently linked to worse cardiovascular outcomes, even after accounting for standard risk factors. CERT2 performed well in both people without heart disease and those with existing conditions. In the STABILITY trial, CERT2 predicted cardiovascular death (HR 1.47, 95% CI 1.35-1.59) and hospitalizations for Heart Failure (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.39-1.76). Adding ceramide ratios, especially C16:0/C24:0, to existing models improved risk prediction, with net reclassification improvements up to 0.17. On the other hand, higher C24:0/C16:0 ratios were linked to lower risks of death from any cause or from heart disease. These results were similar in older adults, people with diabetes, and community groups.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Ceramide-based scores reflect metabolic risks that standard lipid tests do not show. They offer extra information for predicting outcomes in different clinical situations, including heart failure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ceramide-based lipid scores, especially CERT2 and some ceramide ratios, provide extra value for predicting cardiovascular risk beyond traditional factors. However, most evidence so far only shows associations, not cause and effect, so their use in everyday clinical care is still under investigation. More studies in different groups and randomized trials are needed before these scores can be used regularly in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148301090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging Dermatology and Cardiology: The Link between Skin Lesions and Cardiovascular Risk.","authors":"Beatrice Simeone, Elisa Dietrich, Gianmarco Sarto, Maria Elisabetta Greco, Maurizio Forte, Vittorio Picchio, Erica Rocco, Luigi Spadafora, Marco Bernardi, Leonardo Schirone, Sonia Schiavon, Luca D'Ambrosio, Daniele Vecchio, Valentina Valenti, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Elena De Falco, Mariangela Peruzzi, Ernesto Greco, Giacomo Frati, Ilaria Proietti, Concetta Potenza","doi":"10.2174/011573403X428201260108121737","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X428201260108121737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dermatological disorders are emerging as important indicators of systemic health and have drastic implications for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Skin and cardiovascular diseases share common pathophysiological mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction. These overlapping pathways contribute to the increased cardiovascular (CV) risk observed in patients with inflammatory and genetic dermatological conditions, such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative review was conducted by evaluating current evidence from peer-reviewed literature on the association between dermatological disorders and cardiovascular risk. Particular attention was given to pathophysiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications relevant to both specialties.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>Since systemic inflammation is a major risk factor for CVD, treatments that reduce the inflammatory burden represent promising strategies to prevent or mitigate cardiovascular complications in patients with dermatological conditions. Traditional therapies (e.g., methotrexate and statins) remain the gold standard to reduce CV risk. In addition, advances in the field of inflammation-such as inhibitors targeting IL-17 and IL-23 pathways-along with new systemic biomarkers and the development of targeted therapies, are paving the way for improved patient stratification and personalized approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in optimizing patient outcomes and emphasizes the need for closer integration of dermatological and cardiological expertise. Future research should focus on clarifying molecular mechanisms, identifying therapeutic targets, and refining shared clinical guidelines. By bridging dermatology and cardiology, this review underscores the potential for earlier detection, better risk prediction, and integrated management of coexisting dermatological and cardiovascular conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148276308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Thoracic Fluid Measurement Devices.","authors":"M Jayasanthi, G Rajendiran, R Devi Pavithra","doi":"10.2174/011573403X392943260123053243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X392943260123053243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is a chronic condition where the heart fails to pump enough blood, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and respiratory distress. Monitoring thoracic fluid levels is essential for managing CHF and other fluid-related disorders. Although invasive methods provide accurate measurements, they pose risks and discomfort, highlighting the need for non-invasive alternatives. This review explores advanced methods for thoracic fluid measurement, emphasizing non-invasive techniques. It assesses their accuracy, clinical relevance, and technological advancements, with a focus on improving reliability and usability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive review of literature was conducted to evaluate existing thoracic fluid measurement techniques. The study examines bioimpedance spectroscopy, imaging modalities, and computational approaches. Additionally, advancements in sensor technology, signal processing, and machine learning applications are discussed. Case studies and clinical trials are reviewed to determine real-world applicability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-invasive methods, particularly bioimpedance-based techniques, have shown significant improvements in accuracy and ease of use. Innovations in sensors and signal processing have enhanced measurement precision.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Clinical studies suggest these methods offer a viable alternative to traditional invasive approaches. However, challenges such as patient variability and standardization still need to be addressed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-invasive thoracic fluid measurement techniques have great potential for improving patient care in CHF and fluid overload conditions. While advancements have strengthened their effectiveness, further research is necessary to refine these technologies and facilitate broader clinical adoption. This review provides insights to guide future developments in noninvasive monitoring systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanosecond Pulsed Field Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in a Patient with Cor Triatriatum Dexter and Atrial Septal Defect.","authors":"Ying Gu, Jianhua Li","doi":"10.2174/011573403X469416260602060755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X469416260602060755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is an emerging non-thermal energy modality that enables selective injury to cardiomyocytes while minimizing collateral damage to adjacent structures. In this case, we present the application of PFA in a symptomatic, drug-refractory paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) patient complicated by incomplete cor triatriatum dexter (CTD) and atrial septal defect (ASD).</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 54-year-old female was referred to the institution for palpitations, dyspnea, and dizziness persisting for more than 5 years after she was first diagnosed with paroxysmal AF. Computed tomography revealed that an enlarged right atrium was incompletely divided into two chambers by an abnormal membrane and an obvious defect in the middle of the atrial septum. The circular PFA catheter connected to the CardiPulse PFA System was advanced into the left atrium through the defective atrial septum without transseptal puncture. The ablation of pulmonary veins (PV) and superior vena cava (SVC) was performed using nanosecond PFA. The PV and SVC isolation was successfully achieved without any complications. Her symptoms improved after the ablation procedure, and no AF recurrence occurred during the 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case demonstrated the feasibility and safety of PFA as an ablation strategy for the AF patient with incomplete CTD and ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Resistant Hypertension Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Mokanpally Sandeep, Ananthesh L, Sree Sudha Tanguturi Yella, M Surya Durga Prasad, Praneetha Jain, Muhammad Aaqib Shamim, Aravind P Gandhi, Dandu Akshitha","doi":"10.2174/011573403X414481260519053142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/011573403X414481260519053142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Resistant Hypertension (RHTN) is defined as blood pressure remaining above target levels despite adherence to three or more antihypertensive agents of different classes, including a diuretic. RHTN was found to be a significant prognostic factor for cardiovascular and renal complications among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the global prevalence of RHTN among patients with T2DM and to explore key demographic and clinical correlates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted across multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, to identify studies examining the prevalence of resistant hypertension among patients diagnosed with T2DM. Data synthesis was accomplished using a random-effects model. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed utilising the I² statistic. Assessment of potential publication bias was performed through the Doi plot analysis and the Luis Furuya-Kanamori index (LFK index) methodology. Statistical significance was established at p < 0.05. The study was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024549125).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies encompassing 159,082 participants from various regions worldwide were incorporated. The synthesis of data revealed a pooled prevalence rate of RHTN in individuals with T2DM of 14% (95% CI, 11-17%), accompanied by a substantial degree of heterogeneity (I2=98%). Meta-regression revealed that resistant hypertension among diabetic cases increased with increasing mean age [Beta = 0.02]. The Doi plot asymmetry and LFK index [-2.93] revealed publication bias.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This review highlighted the significant prevalence of RHTN among the T2DM population. However, given the high heterogeneity, publication bias, and limited geographical representation, these findings should be interpreted with caution. Subgroup analysis also revealed no significant reduction in heterogeneity, underscoring the need for further qualitative studies to assess contextual factors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Meta-analysis revealed 14% of individuals with T2DM have RHTN, highlighting the need for routine screening along with personalised blood pressure management in this population. To strengthen clinical practice and improve comparability, future research should prioritise robust study designs and standardised diagnostic criteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":10832,"journal":{"name":"Current Cardiology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}