Current diabetes reviews最新文献

{"title":"Machine Learning and Augmented Intelligence Enables Prognosis of Type 2 Diabetes Prior to Clinical Manifestation.","authors":"Jonathan Rt Lakey, Krista Casazza, Waldemar Lernhardt, Eric J Mathur, Ian Jenkins","doi":"10.2174/0115733998276990240117113408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998276990240117113408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The global incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) persists at epidemic proportions. Early diagnosis and/or preventive efforts are critical to attenuate the multi-systemic clinical manifestation and consequent healthcare burden. Despite enormous strides in the understanding of pathophysiology and on-going therapeutic development, effectiveness and access are persistent limitations. Among the greatest challenges, the extensive research efforts have not promulgated reliable predictive biomarkers for early detection and risk assessment. The emerging fields of multi-omics combined with machine learning (ML) and augmented intelligence (AI) have profoundly impacted the capacity for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This paper explores the current challenges associated with the identification of predictive biomarkers for T2D and discusses potential actionable solutions for biomarker identification and validation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The articles included were collected from PubMed queries. The selected topics of inquiry represented a wide range of themes in diabetes biomarker prediction and prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current criteria and cutoffs for T2D diagnosis are not optimal nor consider a myriad of contributing factors in terms of early detection. There is an opportunity to leverage AI and ML to significantly enhance the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the disease and identify prognostic biomarkers. The innovative technologies being developed by GATC are expected to play a crucial role in this pursuit via algorithm training and validation, enabling comprehensive and in-depth analysis of complex biological systems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GATC is an emerging leader guiding the establishment of a systems approach towards research and predictive, personalized medicine. The integration of these technologies with clinical data can contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of T2D, paving the way for precision medicine approaches and improved patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139671478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dating Violence, Lifestyle and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Mexican Women University Students.","authors":"Geu Mendoza Catalán, José Alfredo Pimentel-Jaimes, Erika Nallely Orendain-Jaime, Claudia Jennifer Domínguez-Chávez, José Luis Higuera-Sainz, Alma Angélica Villa-Rueda, Ulises Rieke-Campoy, Adriana Camargo-Bravo","doi":"10.2174/0115733998283227240117060452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998283227240117060452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dating violence is a prevalent issue among Mexican women, as is the incidence and prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The effects of dating violence can negatively impact lifestyle and, consequently, increase the risk of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the influence of dating violence on lifestyle and the risk of T2DM in women university students from Mexico.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employed a cross-sectional and correlational design. The study population consisted of women university students. The sample size included 255 participants. Women aged 18 to 39 with current dating relationships and residency in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico, were included. Data collection was conducted from February to May 2023. Correlations and multiple linear regression models were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 255 women participated, with an average age of 21.6 years (SD = 3.2), and 32.2% had a history of intrafamily violence during childhood. 58.8% of the participants exhibited some level of risk of T2DM, and 56.7% of the lifestyle was mostly categorized as poor/fair. Detachment was the most prevalent type of dating violence, followed by coercion. Dating violence was correlated with lifestyle (r = -.430) and the risk of T2DM (r = .321). In the multiple linear regression model, dating violence influenced the risk of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women who reported higher levels of dating violence have a less healthy lifestyle and a greater risk of T2DM. It is important to consider dating violence to improve lifestyle and prevent T2DM in Mexican women university students.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139650456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Hyperglycemic Memory\": Observational Evidence to Experimental Inference.","authors":"Mohsen Ahmadi, Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard, Parisa Najari-Hanjani, Firouzeh Morshedzadeh, Tahereh Malakoutian, Mohsen Abbasi, Hounaz Akbari, Mahsa Mohammad Amoli, Negin Saffarzadeh","doi":"10.2174/0115733998279869231227091944","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998279869231227091944","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several epidemiological studies have appreciated the impact of \"duration\" and \"level\" of hyperglycemia on the initiation and development of chronic complications of diabetes. However, glycemic profiles could not fully explain the presence/absence and severity of diabetic complications. Genetic issues and concepts of \"hyperglycemic memory\" have been introduced as additional influential factors involved in the pathobiology of late complications of diabetes. In the extended phase of significant diabetes randomized, controlled clinical trials, including DCCT/EDIC and UKPDS, studies have concluded that the quality of glycemic or metabolic control at the early time around the diabetes onset could maintain its protective or detrimental impact throughout the following diabetes course. There is no reliable indication of the mechanism by which the transient exposure to a given glucose concentration level could evoke a consistent cellular response at target tissues at the molecular levels. Some biological phenomena, such as the production and the concentration of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and protein kinase C (PKC) pathway activations, epigenetic changes, and finally, the miRNAs-mediated pathways, may be accountable for the development of hyperglycemic memory. This work summarizes evidence from previous experiments that may substantiate the hyperglycemic memory soundness by its justification in molecular terms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetic Retinopathy - Pathophysiology to Treatment: A Review.","authors":"Randhir Dahiya, Aditya Walia, Jasleen Kaur, Praveen Kumar, Inderjeet Verma, Nidhi Rani","doi":"10.2174/0115733998259940231105200251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998259940231105200251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular disease affecting the eyes of diabetic patients, and is the most prevalent complication of diabetes mellitus. Vision improvement is not possible in the majority of DR patients. Several studies have indicated that microvascular changes, inflammation, oxidative stress, and retinal neurodegeneration are involved in the pathogenesis of DR. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of new and effective treatment for DR. Understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of disease will pave a way for better treatment and management of DR. This article has emphasized the molecular pathogenesis and treatment of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Methods for Induction of Insulin Resistance in Mouse 3T3-L1 Cells.","authors":"Hend Al-Jaber, Shamma Al-Muraikhy, Aldana Jabr Jabr, Aisha Yousuf, Najeha Anwardeen, Mohamed Elrayess, Layla Al-Mansoori","doi":"10.2174/0115733998263359231211044539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998263359231211044539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell culture plays a crucial role in addressing fundamental research questions, particularly in studying insulin resistance (IR) mechanisms. Multiple in vitro models are utilized for this purpose, but their technical distinctions and relevance to in vivo conditions remain unclear. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of existing in vitro models in inducing IR and their ability to replicate in vivo IR conditions.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Insulin resistance (IR) is a cellular condition linked to metabolic disorders. Despite the utility of cell culture in IR research, questions persist regarding the suitability of various models. This study seeks to evaluate these models' efficiency in inducing IR and their ability to mimic in vivo conditions. Insights gained from this research could enhance our understanding of model strengths and limitations, potentially advancing strategies to combat IR and related disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>1- Investigate the technical differences between existing cell culture models used to study molecular mediators of insulin resistance (IR). 2- Compare the effectiveness of present in vitro models in inducing insulin resistance (IR). 3- Assess the relevance of the existing cell culture models in simulating the in vivo conditions and environment that provoke the induction of insulin resistance (IR).</p><p><strong>Methods and material: </strong>In vitro, eight sets of 3T3-L1 cells were cultured until they reached 90% confluence. Subsequently, adipogenic differentiation was induced using a differentiation cocktail (media). These cells were then divided into four groups, with four subjected to normal conditions and the other four to hypoxic conditions. Throughout the differentiation process, each cell group was exposed to specific factors known to induce insulin resistance (IR). These factors included 2.5nM tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), 20 ng/ml interleukin-6 (IL-6), 10 micromole 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), and high insulin (HI) at a concentration of 100nM. To assess cell proliferation, DAPI staining was employed, and the expression of genes associated with various metabolic pathways affected by insulin resistance was investigated using Real-Time PCR. Additionally, insulin signaling was examined using the Bio-plex Pro cell signaling Akt panel.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We induced insulin resistance in 3T3-L1 cells using IL-6, TNFα, 4HNE, and high insulin in both hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Hypoxia increased HIF1a gene expression by approximately 30% (P<0.01). TNFα reduced cell proliferation by 10-20%, and chronic TNFα treatment significantly decreased mature adipocytes due to its cytotoxicity. We assessed the impact of insulin resistance (IR) on metabolic pathways, focusing on genes linked to branched-chain amino acid metabolism, detoxification, and chemotaxis. Notably, ALDH6A1 and MCCC1 genes, related to amino acid metabolism, were significantly affected under hypoxic conditi","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Level and Gene Polymorphism as Risk Factors for Depression in Patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus- A Case-Controlled Study.","authors":"Hany Hammad, Inass Shaltout, Mai M Fawzy, Laila A Rashed, Noha A Mahfouz, Tarek S Abdelaziz","doi":"10.2174/0115733998274778231218145449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998274778231218145449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes mellitus and depression are comorbidities that can be caused by each other. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) functions as a neuronal growth factor. It maintains the functional integrity of the nervous system.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study the possible association between BDNF levels and gene polymorphism with depression in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Elisa technique measured BDNF, and rs6265 gene polymorphism was detected using real-time PCR. Depression was assessed utilizing a clinical interview tool designed to establish the diagnosis of depression and differentiate it from other psychiatric diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BDNF levels were significantly lower in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and symptoms of depression than in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and no symptoms of depression (82.6±16.1. Vs 122± 17.47, p˂ 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in BDNF levels in patients with diabetes among the three genotypes of the BDNF gene (p-value < 0.001). Val/ Val carriers had the highest serum BDNF levels, and Met/ Met carriers had the lowest serum BDNF levels. Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant genotype-related differences in serum BDNF levels among the three subgroups in the Depression group. Val/ Val carriers had the highest serum BDNF levels, and Met/ Met carriers had the lowest serum BDNF levels. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism had no significant association with the presence of depression, yet there was a trend towards significance (p = 0.05) Conclusion: In this pilot, Low levels of BDNF were associated with depression in patients with type 2 diabetes. Carriers of the Met/ Met allele have the lowest serum BDNF levels. Multicenter studies with more participants are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139402149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the immunity genes with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Youssef Khaiz, Najib Al Idrissi, Mohammed Bakkali, Samir Ahid","doi":"10.2174/0115733998275617231218101116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115733998275617231218101116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is a complicated illness marked by the death of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells, which ultimately leads to insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia. T lymphocytes are considered to destroy pancreatic beta cells in the etiology of T1D as a result of hereditary and environmental factors. Although the latter factors are very important causes of T1D development, this disease is very genetically predisposed, so that there is a significant genetic component to T1D susceptibility. Among the T1D-associated gene mutations, those that affect genes that encode the traditional Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) entail the highest risk of T1D development. Accordingly, the results of decades of genetic linkage and association studies clearly demonstrate that mutations in the HLA genes are the most associated mutations with T1D. They can therefore be used as biomarkers for prediction strategies and may even prove to be of value for personalized treatments. Other immunity-associated genetic loci, are also associated with higher T1D risk. Indeed, T1D is considered an autoimmune disease. Its prevalence is rising globally, especially among children and young people. Given the global rise of, and thus interest in, autoimmune diseases, here we present a short overview of the link between immunity, especially HLA, genes and T1D.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139680800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes and TB: Confluence of Two Epidemic and Its Effect on Clinical Presentation.","authors":"Kumudha Dhamotharaswamy, Hemalatha Selvaraj, Padmashree Lakshmanaperumal, R Harsha, Anuja S Sasankan, Prabha Thangavelu, K Menaka, Sivakumar Thangavel","doi":"10.2174/1573399819666230331113156","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1573399819666230331113156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) has become a rising concern in low-income countries, particularly in those with Human Immuno Deficiency Virus (HIV) epidemics, and type 2 diabetes has emerged as a significant global chronic health problem, owing to increases in obesity, lifestyle changes, and ageing populations. Diabetes has been identified as a major risk factor for the development of TB. Despite the fact that diabetes imparts a substantially lower risk of TB (3-fold) as compared to HIV (>20-fold), in communities where the number of DM patients is high, the contribution of diabetes to TB might be bigger than HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review will focus on the link between TB and diabetes, which is now one of the most important topics for physicians since diabetes impacts the clinical presentation and outcome of TB and vice versa.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Though TB is more common in type 1 diabetes, the extent of the problem in type 2 diabetes should be taken into account with equal care, as type 2 diabetes affects a substantially higher number of individuals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Diabetes patients are more vulnerable to infections because of their impaired immune systems. Increased glucose level leads to a rise in the infection status among TB patients and also leads to a rise in various complications. Extensive and increased screening for both TB and DM over years can help diagnose disease priorly and help in better management. TB, when diagnosed in its early stages, can be easily eradicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9220635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Vijender Kour, Jayshree Swain, Jaspreet Singh, Hershdeep Singh, Harvinder Kour","doi":"10.2174/0115733998253672231011161400","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998253672231011161400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy is a well-recognised microvascular complication of diabetes and is among the leading cause of blindness all over the world. Over the last decade, there have been advances in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. At the same time, newer therapies for the management of diabetic retinopathy have evolved. As a result of these advances, a decline in severe vision loss due to diabetes has been witnessed in some developing countries. However, there is a steady increase in the number of people affected with diabetes, and is expected to rise further in the coming years. Therefore, it is prudent to identify diabetic retinopathy, and timely intervention is needed to decrease the burden of severe vision loss. An effort has been made to review all the existing knowledge regarding diabetic retinopathy in this article and summarize the present treatment options for diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49689150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insulin Therapy on Bone Macroscopic, Microarchitecture, and MechanicalProperties of Tibia in Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Pedro Henrique Justino Oliveira Limirio, Nilson Ferreira De Oliveira Neto, Jessyca Figueira Venâncio, Camila Rodrigues Borges Linhares, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares, Paula Dechichi","doi":"10.2174/0115733998270859231117091741","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115733998270859231117091741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated tibia's macroscopic structure, mechanical properties, and bone microarchitecture in rats with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighteen animals were divided into three groups (n=6): Non-diabetic (ND), diabetic (D), and diabetic+insulin (DI). T1DM was induced by streptozotocin; insulin was administered daily (4IU). The animals were euthanized 35 days after induction. The tibiae were removed and analyzed using macroscopic, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and three-point bending. The macroscopic analysis measured proximal-distal length (PD), antero-posterior thickness (AP) of proximal (AP-P) and distal (AP-D) epiphysis, and lateral-medial thickness (LM) of proximal (LM-P) and distal (LM-D) epiphysis. Micro-CT analysis closed porosity, tissue mineral density, and cortical thickness. The three-point bending test measured maximum strength, energy, and stiffness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The macroscopic analysis showed that D presented smaller measures of length and thickness (AP and AP-P) than ND and DI. More extensive measurements were observed of LM and AP-D thickness in DI than in D. In micro-CT, DI showed larger cortical thickness than D. Mechanical analysis showed lower strength in D than in other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T1DM reduces bone growth and mechanical strength. Insulin therapy in diabetic rats improved bone growth and fracture resistance, making diabetic bone similar to normoglycemic animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":10825,"journal":{"name":"Current diabetes reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139097533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}