Characterization of Green Synthesized Nanoparticles with Anti-diabetic Properties. A Systematic Review.

IF 2.4 Q3 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Current diabetes reviews Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI:10.2174/0115733998306451240425135229

Alejandra Loyola-Leyva, Karen Hernández-Vidales, Jaime Ruiz-García, Juan Pablo Loyola-Rodríguez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Plants are used in medicine because they are low-cost, widely available, and have few side effects (compared to pharmacological treatment). Plants have phytocompounds with antidiabetic properties that can be delivered using nanoparticles (NPs).

Objective: To describe the antidiabetic properties of green synthesized NPs (GSNPs) and their characterization methods.

Methods: Three databases were searched using the terms "type 2 diabetes mellitus," "antidiabetic effects," "phytochemicals," "plants," and "nanoparticles." Studies describing the antidiabetic effects (in vitro or animal models) of NPs synthesized by plant extracts and characterizing them through UV-Vis spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, SEM, TEM, and DLS were included.

Results: 16 studies were included. In vitro studies reported enzyme inhibition values between 11% (H. polyrhizus) and 100% (A. concinna) for alfa-amylase and between 41.1% (M. zapota) and 100% (A. concinna) for alfa-glucosidase. Animal studies with Wistar Albino rats having diabetes (induced by alloxan or streptozotocin) reported improved blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL after treatment with GSNPs. Regarding characterization, NP sizes were measured with DLS (25-181.5 nm), SEM (52.1-91 nm), and TEM (8.7-40.6 nm). The surface charge was analyzed with zeta potential (-30.7 to -2.9 mV). UV-Vis spectroscopy was employed to confirm the formations of AgNPs (360-460 nm), AuNPs (524-540 nm), and ZnONPs (300-400 nm), and FTIR was used to identify plant extract functional groups.

Conclusions: GSNP characterization (shape, size, zeta potential, and others) is essential to know the viability and stability, which are important to achieve health benefits for biomedical applications. Studies reported good enzyme inhibition percentages in in vitro studies, decreasing blood glucose levels and improving lipid profiles in animal models with diabetes. However, these studies had limitations in the methodology and potential risk of bias, so results need careful interpretation.

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具有抗糖尿病特性的绿色合成纳米粒子的表征。系统综述。

背景：植物因其成本低、来源广、副作用小（与药物治疗相比）而被用于医疗。植物中含有具有抗糖尿病特性的植物化合物，这些化合物可通过纳米颗粒（NPs）传递：描述绿色合成 NPs（GSNPs）的抗糖尿病特性及其表征方法：方法：使用 "2 型糖尿病"、"抗糖尿病作用"、"植物化学物质"、"植物 "和 "纳米颗粒 "等术语在三个数据库中进行检索。这些研究描述了由植物提取物合成的 NPs 的抗糖尿病作用（体外或动物模型），并通过紫外可见光谱、傅立叶变换红外光谱、XRD、扫描电镜、TEM 和 DLS 对其进行了表征：结果：共纳入 16 项研究。体外研究报告显示，α-淀粉酶的酶抑制值介于 11%（H. polyrhizus）和 100%（A. concinna）之间，α-葡萄糖苷酶的酶抑制值介于 41.1%（M. zapota）和 100%（A. concinna）之间。对患有糖尿病的 Wistar Albino 大鼠（由阿脲或链脲佐菌素诱导）进行的动物研究表明，使用 GSNPs 治疗后，大鼠的血糖、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白均有所改善。在表征方面，用 DLS（25-181.5 nm）、SEM（52.1-91 nm）和 TEM（8.7-40.6 nm）测量了 NP 的尺寸。用 zeta 电位（-30.7 至 -2.9 mV）分析了表面电荷。紫外可见光谱用于确认 AgNPs（360-460 nm）、AuNPs（524-540 nm）和 ZnONPs（300-400 nm）的形成，傅立叶变换红外光谱用于鉴定植物提取物的官能团：结论：GSNP 的表征（形状、大小、ZETA 电位等）对于了解其活力和稳定性至关重要，而活力和稳定性对于实现生物医学应用的健康益处非常重要。研究报告显示，在体外研究中，GSNP 具有良好的酶抑制率，可降低血糖水平，改善糖尿病动物模型的血脂状况。不过，这些研究在方法上存在局限性，而且可能存在偏差风险，因此需要对结果进行仔细解读。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Current diabetes reviews ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

158

期刊介绍： Current Diabetes Reviews publishes frontier reviews on all the latest advances on diabetes and its related areas e.g. pharmacology, pathogenesis, complications, epidemiology, clinical care, and therapy. The journal"s aim is to publish the highest quality review articles dedicated to clinical research in the field. The journal is essential reading for all researchers and clinicians who are involved in the field of diabetes.