Current Medical Science最新文献

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Diagnostic Model for Parkinson's Disease Using Handwritten Spiral and Wave Images.","authors":"K Aditya Shastry","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00017-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00017-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To develop and validate a deep neural network (DNN) model for diagnosing Parkinson's Disease (PD) using handwritten spiral and wave images, and to compare its performance with various machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study utilized a dataset of 204 images (102 spiral and 102 wave) from PD patients and healthy subjects. The images were preprocessed using the Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) descriptor and augmented to increase dataset diversity. The DNN model was designed with an input layer, three convolutional layers, two max-pooling layers, two dropout layers, and two dense layers. The model was trained and evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and loss. The DNN model was compared with nine ML models (random forest, logistic regression, AdaBoost, k-nearest neighbor, gradient boost, naïve Bayes, support vector machine, decision tree) and two DL models (convolutional neural network, DenseNet-201).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DNN model outperformed all other models in diagnosing PD from handwritten spiral and wave images. On spiral images, the DNN model achieved accuracies of 41.24% over naïve Bayes, 31.24% over decision tree, and 27.9% over support vector machine. On wave images, the DNN model achieved accuracies of 40% over naïve Bayes, 36.67% over decision tree, and 30% over support vector machine. The DNN model demonstrated significant improvements in sensitivity and specificity compared to other models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The DNN model significantly improves the accuracy of PD diagnosis using handwritten spiral and wave images, outperforming several ML and DL models. This approach offers a promising diagnostic tool for early PD detection and provides a foundation for future work to incorporate additional features and enhance detection accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"206-230"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143540269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scoring the Clinical Application of a Novel Scale in a Hybrid Operating Room for Neurosurgery.","authors":"Wei-Yu Sun, Yu Feng, Jin Yu, Ting-Bao Zhang, Yi-Hui Ma, Kun-Xian Zhang, Xi-Qian Gu, Min Niu, Xiang Li, Jin-Cao Chen, Wen-Yuan Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00015-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00015-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The lack of clarity regarding the application performance of a hybrid operating room (HOR) and the uncertainty of surgical scheduling often lead to its inefficient application. This study aimed to review the clinical application of our neurosurgical HOR and propose a scale to score cases clearly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the operating procedures and duration of stay in 1865 HOR cases. The actual procedures of each case were summarized into 5 application types, and numerical assignment was used to distinguish the dependence of each type on our HOR: surgical procedures combined with interventional procedures (4 points, the highest dependence), surgical procedures combined with imaging procedures (3 points), interventional procedures (2 points), imaging procedures (1 point), and surgical procedures (0 points, the lowest dependence).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A novel scale that could score 1865 cases into those 5 grades was developed. The percentages by grade were as follows: 4 points, 4.24%; 3 points, 4.88%; 2 points, 20.75%; 1 point, 69.38%; and 0 points, 0.75%. The cumulative usage time was 4241.9 h, the duration of which was as follows: 4 points, 16.17%; 3 points, 15.50%; 2 points, 31.32%; 1 point, 35.62%; and 0 points, 1.39%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The HOR serves as a multifunctional room to treat neurosurgical diseases. The scale helps to quickly prioritize cases that rely more on HOR, providing guidelines for surgical scheduling. Although our HOR is unsuitable for emergency cases, it clearly shows the application performance of our HOR to provide a reference for promoting its efficient application.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"349-362"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143656342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen Detection in Spinal Infections: Next-Generation Sequencing Versus Conventional Microbiological Methods.","authors":"Khan Akhtar Ali, Ling-Xiao He, Fang Gao, Ze-An Xia, Hui Huang, Heng Zeng, Wei-Hua Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00040-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00040-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective and background: </strong>Early and accurate diagnosis of spinal infections, including spinal tuberculosis, is pivotal for effective treatment but remains challenging. This study aims to assess the diagnostic yield of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) compared with that of conventional microbiological tests (CMTs) in identifying pathogens associated with spinal pathologies, with a special focus on infections leading to surgical interventions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 85 patients who underwent spinal surgery, comprising 63 patients with clinically diagnosed spinal infections, including patients with spinal tuberculosis, and 22 patients with noninfectious spinal conditions. The procedures involved irrigation and debridement for persistent wound drainage, with subsequent DNA extraction from plasma and joint fluid for mNGS and CMT analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significantly increased C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were observed in patients with infections. The mNGS approach showed greater diagnostic sensitivity (92.06%) for detecting pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, than did CMTs (36.51%). Despite its low specificity, mNGS had considerable negative predictive value (70.59%), underscoring its utility in ruling out infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mNGS offers superior sensitivity over CMTs in the diagnosis of a variety of spinal infections, notably spinal tuberculosis. This study highlights the potential of mNGS in enhancing the diagnosis of complex spinal infections, thereby informing targeted treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"331-340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143728964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Stereotactic Injection of shRNA GSK-3β-AAV Promotes Axonal Regeneration after Spinal Cord Injury.","authors":"Yu-Chao Zuo, Nan-Xiang Xiong, Hong-Yang Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00012-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00012-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"154-155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avocado Oil: Recent Advances in Its Anti-diabetic Potential.","authors":"Dorji Drakpa, Taniya Paul, Sukriti Chakrabarty, Karma Jigdrel, Prasun Mukherjee, Jeena Gupta","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00010-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00010-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diet plays a crucial role in insulin resistance and diabetes, with high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets being major contributors. However, the type of fat consumed is critical, as different fatty acids impact insulin sensitivity differently.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review examines the potential benefits of avocado oil, which is rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), in improving glycaemic control and lipid metabolism. It also explores variations in avocado oil composition across different avocado cultivars.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Experimental and clinical studies were analysed to assess the metabolic effects of avocado oil. The impact of MUFAs on insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, and metabolic health was reviewed, alongside the influence of fruit quality, maturity, and cultivar differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Avocado oil may enhance glycaemic control and lipid metabolism, benefiting individuals with diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. However, its composition varies significantly across avocado variants such as Hass, Reed, Ettinger, and Fuerte, influencing its therapeutic properties.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Avocado oil's high MUFA content offers promising metabolic benefits. Further research is needed to standardize its therapeutic application, considering cultivar-dependent variations in composition.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"11-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Helicobacter pylori Eradication on Clinical and Laboratory Parameters in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Fouad Jaber, Saqr Alsakarneh, Azizullah Beran, Tala Alsharaeh, Ahmed-Jordan Salahat, Abdelrahman Abdelshafi, Islam Mohamed, Willie Johnson, Khaled Elfert, Mohammad Jaber, Mohammad Almeqdadi, Mohamed Ahmed, Hassan Ghoz, Wendell K Clarkston, John H Helzberg","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00001-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00001-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance; however, the correlation between HP eradication and NAFLD remains controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effect of HP treatment on clinical and laboratory parameters in NAFLD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature search of the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases through September 2023 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effect of HP treatment on NAFLD patients versus lifestyle changes alone. The primary outcome was the change in steatosis parameters. The secondary endpoints were changes in anthropometric parameters, inflammatory markers (TNF-α), and metabolic parameters (fasting blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, AST/ALT, and lipid profile). The random effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for our desired outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four RCTs met our inclusion criteria. A total of 453 patients were included (mean age 42.8 years, 58.5% males), 228 (50.3%) of whom were in the HP eradication group and 225 (49.7%) of whom were in the lifestyle modification group. Compared with lifestyle modification alone, HP eradication had a significant effect on reducing liver steatosis and TNF-α levels (SMD: - 0.9; 95% CI - 14.67, - 3.82, I² = 0% and SMD: - 6.3; 95% CI - 9.04, - 3.56, I² = 0%, respectively). No significant effect on other metabolic parameters was found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HP eradication significantly reduced liver steatosis and TNF-α levels in NAFLD patients. However, HP eradication did not significantly affect other metabolic indices compared to lifestyle changes alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to: Electroacupuncture Alleviates Memory Deficits in APP/PS1 Mice by Targeting Serotonergic Neurons in Dorsal Raphe Nucleus.","authors":"Chao-Chao Yu, Xiao-Fei Wang, Jia Wang, Chu Li, Juan Xiao, Xue-Song Wang, Rui Han, Shu-Qin Wang, Yuan-Fang Lin, Li-Hong Kong, Yan-Jun Du","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00014-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00014-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Casr Inhibition-Mediated M2 Microglial Transformation in Ischemic Preconditioning Against Stroke.","authors":"Zhi-Hao Zhai, Zuo-Yu Huang, Kai-Xun Huang, Yuan-Qiang Zhong, En-Xiang Tao, Yun-Feng Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00003-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00003-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Stroke is a main cause of disability and mortality worldwide. It has been reported that ischemic preconditioning (IP) has neuroprotective effects against stroke. This study aimed to verify the mechanism by which calcium-sensing receptor (Casr) inhibition-mediated M2 microglial transformation in the IP protects against stroke, which will provide a potential therapeutic target for stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rats and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) neurons were used in this study. IP was induced via the transient MCAO and OGD methods. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was used to explore the underlying key molecules. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to detect the expression of Casr and the M1 and M2 microglial markers. CCK8 was used to detect cell viability. The calcium concentration was detected via the use of Fluo-4 AM, a fluorescence probe. The Casr inhibitor NPS2143 and the Casr activator R568 were used to explore the role of Casr in M2 microglial transformation and neuroprotection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We first revealed that IP induced M2 microglial transformation in ischemic injury. In addition, MCAO injury increased Casr expression and the calcium concentration, which was inhibited by IP. Furthermore, Casr activation inhibited the M2 microglial transformation induced by IP. Finally, we found that Casr inhibition improved the survival rate, alleviated neurological deficits, and reduced the infarct volume induced by MCAO.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We confirmed that Casr-related neuroprotection induced by IP is associated with the transformation of M2 microglia. These findings can be used to understand the protective mechanisms of IP against ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"82-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of Circ-Astn1 Suppresses Hyperglycemia-Induced Endothelial Cell Damage via the miR-138-5p/SIRT1 Axis.","authors":"Hong-Bin Yu, Li-Yun Wang, Xiao-Ning Yan, Xue-Yan Wu, Jian-Long Wu, Da-Wei Liu, Si-Yang Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00011-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00011-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To elucidate the regulatory mechanism of circRNAs in diabetic retinopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was employed to identify circRNAs that are abnormally expressed in endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) under hyperglycemia (HG) conditions. The regulatory mechanism and predicted targets of this circRNA were also studied via bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter assays, angiogenic differentiation experiments, flow cytometry, and RT-qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Circ-astrotactin 1 (circ-Astn1) expression was decreased in EPCs under HG conditions, and circ-Astn1 overexpression inhibited HG-induced endothelial damage. The miR-138-5p and silencing information regulator 2 related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) were identified as circ-Astn1 downstream targets, which were further verified through luciferase reporter assays. SIRT1 silencing or miR-138-5p overexpression reversed the protective effect of circ-Astn1 on HG-induced endothelial cell dysfunction, as evidenced by increased apoptosis, abnormal vascular differentiation, and inflammatory factor secretion. SIRT1 overexpression reversed miR-138-5p-induced endothelial cell dysfunction under HG conditions. In vivo experiments confirmed that circ-Astn1 overexpression promoted skin wound healing through the regulation of SIRT1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that circ-Astn1 promotes SIRT1 expression by sponging miR-138-5p. Circ-Astn1 overexpression suppresses HG-induced endothelial cell damage via miR-138-5p/SIRT1 axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"93-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salidroside Enhances the Sensitivity of Lung Cancer Cells to Paclitaxel by Regulating the Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Guo-Liang Pi, Liang-Hao Cheng, Bin-Feng Li, Fei Ming","doi":"10.1007/s11596-025-00005-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11596-025-00005-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chemoresistance, such as paclitaxel (PTX) resistance, has become a great obstacle in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. The natural agent salidroside (SAL) has been shown to exert an antitumor effect on NSCLC. Nonetheless, it is unclear whether SAL can decrease the resistance of NSCLC to PTX.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PTX-resistant NSCLC cells (H1299/PTX and A549/PTX) were generated. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect cell viability. Colony formation assay and flow cytometry were utilized to assess cell proliferation and apoptosis, respectively. Immunofluorescence staining and TOP/FOP flash luciferase assay were employed to estimate β-catenin activation. Western blotting was implemented to estimate the protein levels of apoptosis-, proliferation-, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling-associated markers. A xenograft mouse model was established to investigate the impact of SAL on PTX resistance in vivo.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SAL increased PTX-induced suppression of proliferation and promoted apoptosis in PTX-resistant NSCLC cells. SAL blocked the Wnt/β-catenin signaling in A549/PTX cells and in tumor-bearing mice. Activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling reversed the SAL-mediated increase in the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PTX. SAL attenuated PTX resistance in NSCLC in the xenograft mouse model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SAL enhances the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to PTX by blocking the Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":10820,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Science","volume":" ","pages":"104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}