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Anomaly Detection in IoT Data 物联网数据中的异常检测
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187760
Jason N. Kabi, C. Maina, Edwell T. Mharakurwa
{"title":"Anomaly Detection in IoT Data","authors":"Jason N. Kabi, C. Maina, Edwell T. Mharakurwa","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187760","url":null,"abstract":"This work describes the performance-evaluation of various unsupervised classical machine learning algorithms in time series outlier detection. The aim is to test the robustness of known classical models that act as baselines in anomaly detection. IoT offers flexibility for various anomalies detection algorithms to be tested since the data collected is voluminous and the types of anomalies found are diverse. By deploying fine-tuned, long-established models, researchers can improve on the quality of the data they release from or use in various studies. This work also provides an insight into how time series data properties such as non-stationarity can affect anomaly detection and how operations such as windowing can be used to mitigate the effects and achieve desirable results. The experiments done show that, with some fine-tuning and data pre-processing, classical outlier detection methods’ performance can be enhanced and utilized in IoT data quality control.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116914544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Progress of Implementation of 4IR Technologies in KwaZulu-Natal 夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省实施第四次工业革命技术的进展
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187810
Z. Dlamini, E.F.M. Kheswa
{"title":"The Progress of Implementation of 4IR Technologies in KwaZulu-Natal","authors":"Z. Dlamini, E.F.M. Kheswa","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187810","url":null,"abstract":"The capability to innovate and introduce new products and processes to the market has the potential to give organisations and companies a competitive advantage in the market. The nature and speed with which technologies aid this process are so fast, that to be able to thrive and impact economies, the adoption, deployment, and implementation need to be effective and efficient. In this research project, the progress of the implementation of 4th industrial revolution (4IR)-related technologies in priority sectors in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa was explored. The current study sought insights from technological capabilities, business process enablers, and economical factors viewpoints. The results show that the value of integrating 4IR in business is gaining impetus and the value derived from it is evident in the strategic direction and business focus. An index, with respect to enablers, skills and infrastructure and innovation, and research and development investment was developed to describe the progress and identify gaps that can be addressed to ensure the further entrenchment of 4IR in support of the KwaZulu-Natal economy.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117220238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design Gaps in Configurable Systems: Adaptability of DHIS2 to other Domains 可配置系统中的设计缺口:DHIS2对其他领域的适应性
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187872
Isaac Shukurani Mwakabira, L. Byson, T. Manda, Y. Phiri, Augustine Simwela
{"title":"Design Gaps in Configurable Systems: Adaptability of DHIS2 to other Domains","authors":"Isaac Shukurani Mwakabira, L. Byson, T. Manda, Y. Phiri, Augustine Simwela","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187872","url":null,"abstract":"Highly specialised domains demand highly granularised and variability of configuration elements to support multiple domain configurations at that level. Configurable systems that have limited configurational elements are bound by their elements to be adaptable to a select few domains and contexts. In this study, we propose design changes and enhancements to the DHIS2 configuration layer and resulting data collection tools to support its adaptability in multiple domains. We suggest that the process of adaptation should not involve transference of initial domain specific UI properties to other domains. Continued evolution of the platform at the feature level is required to make it more adaptable to other domains. Provision of a variety of configuration elements enables implementation level designers to explore, provide and meet a set of usability design configuration needs and goals in respective use cases.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129462244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Making Data Talk: Using Scorecard for Strengthening Data Use at Local Levels 让数据说话:使用记分卡加强地方层面的数据使用
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187865
Wilfred F. Senyoni, Jørn A. Braa, J. Hategekimana, Adolphe Kamugunga, Gift Nnko, Joseph Chingalo, Venuste Nsanzumuhire
{"title":"Making Data Talk: Using Scorecard for Strengthening Data Use at Local Levels","authors":"Wilfred F. Senyoni, Jørn A. Braa, J. Hategekimana, Adolphe Kamugunga, Gift Nnko, Joseph Chingalo, Venuste Nsanzumuhire","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187865","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an intervention for strengthening information availability and data use at the sub-national levels. The intervention focused on implementing district and facility-level scorecards for the immunisation program in Rwanda routine HIS. The intervention was designed as an action research project involving local users in diagnosing the current situation, planning, implementing, and reflecting on the outcomes and lessons learned. The main findings show that anchoring interventions within existing local structures promote and sustain data use practises at local levels. Using digital tools such as scorecards could enhance data availability and promote analytical discussion among managers and health workers, leading to informed decision-making. The paper contributes to the data use literature by illustrating how data can be made available to users in a useful way that enables discussion and analysis among stakeholders and how data managers can be engaged through a participatory approach to improve information systems.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123924193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Teaching Financial Literacy with a Computer Application 运用计算机教学金融知识
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187839
Tyler J. Gottlieb, Patrick J. Jung, Bernard A. Cohen
{"title":"Teaching Financial Literacy with a Computer Application","authors":"Tyler J. Gottlieb, Patrick J. Jung, Bernard A. Cohen","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187839","url":null,"abstract":"Financial literacy is an important component of building microeconomic capacity for residents of low-income countries (LICs). Simplicity in teaching the principles of financial literacy and employing creative teaching methods such as the use of computer applications are keys to success. FinLit is a second-generation computer application designed to teach financial literacy in a wide variety of economic and cultural contexts. Users can learn financial literacy in FinLit using any language and any currency, and they can input a wide variety of subsistence strategies and professional occupations that replicate local conditions in any part of the world. The authors are interested in collaborating with partners to deploy, field test and refine this computer application.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121512704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Building Trust-based Dynamic IT Capabilities: The Case of a State-owned Enterprise in South Africa 建立基于信任的动态IT能力:以南非一家国有企业为例
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187790
Nosipho Mubaiwa, R. Naidoo
{"title":"Building Trust-based Dynamic IT Capabilities: The Case of a State-owned Enterprise in South Africa","authors":"Nosipho Mubaiwa, R. Naidoo","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187790","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on trust with IT units in organisations tends to emphasise interpersonal trust, inter-organisational trust, and trust between people and technology. Little is known about trust in IT intra-organisational relationships and its role in value co-creation. A dynamic capability lens is applied as a lens in this interpretive case study of a state-owned enterprise to understand how IT intra-organisational trust relationships promote and constrain the development of IT-enabled capabilities. The findings suggest that the IT unit's culture, reputation and strategic decision-making expertise are important factors in building trust-based IT capabilities. This study adds to the literature on how IT units can foster trust-based dynamic IT capabilities as a source of value co-creation. Future research can investigate the role of IT personnel and leadership expertise in fostering trust-based dynamic IT capabilities.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126256022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abdominal MRI Synthesis using StyleGAN2-ADA 使用StyleGAN2-ADA合成腹部MRI
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187755
B. Gonçalves, Pedro Vieira, Ana Vieira
{"title":"Abdominal MRI Synthesis using StyleGAN2-ADA","authors":"B. Gonçalves, Pedro Vieira, Ana Vieira","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187755","url":null,"abstract":"The lack of labelled medical data still poses as one of the biggest issues when creating Deep Learning models in the medical field. Modern data augmentation techniques like the generation of synthetic images have gained a special interest. In recent years there has been a significant improvement in GANs. StyleGAN2 achieves impressive results in the generation of natural images. StyleGAN2-ADA was created to respond to the lack of training data when training an image synthesis model, which is very frequent in the medical field. Some works used styleGAN to generate melanomas, breast cancer histological images, MR and CT images. In this work we apply, for the first time, a styleGAN2-ADA to a small dataset of abdominal MRI with 1.3k images. From the augmentation pipeline created by the authors of styleGAN2-ADA, we removed all augmentations except the geometric transformations and pixel blitting operations. We trained our network for 70 hours. Our generated dataset has a precision score of 59,33 % and a FID score of 18,14. We conclude that the styleGAN2-ADA is a viable solution to generate MRI using a small dataset.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128031096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using Mentimeter to Enhance Students’ Engagement in Large University Classes - A Survey of Students’ Perceptions 使用Mentimeter提高学生在大学大班中的参与度——一项关于学生认知的调查
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187813
Salome Maro, Aron Kondoro, J. Mtebe
{"title":"Using Mentimeter to Enhance Students’ Engagement in Large University Classes - A Survey of Students’ Perceptions","authors":"Salome Maro, Aron Kondoro, J. Mtebe","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187813","url":null,"abstract":"Student response systems have been applied in lecture rooms to gauge students’ feedback live and get students to participate more in the classroom. While such systems have shown to be effective in various contexts, such as in developed countries or fully online courses, empirical evidence on the effectiveness of such systems in technologically resource-constrained environments is still missing. This study reports on the perception of 164 students using Mentimeter, a student response system, with second-year computer science and computer engineering students from the University of Dar es Salaam in Tanzania. The study shows that even with the existing constraints of internet connectivity and limited access to smart devices, Mentimeter was still useful in promoting student engagement, making the lectures more enjoyable and even improving class attendance. The study also reports insights on the mindset of students towards Mentimeter and challenges faced when using the tool and provides recommendations.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130082223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
SMART Table: Virtual Environment for Teaching Mathematical Concepts - Continuum 智能表:教学数学概念的虚拟环境-连续体
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187853
Justus N. Nyagwencha, Cheryl D. Seals
{"title":"SMART Table: Virtual Environment for Teaching Mathematical Concepts - Continuum","authors":"Justus N. Nyagwencha, Cheryl D. Seals","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187853","url":null,"abstract":"Since technology performs a vital role in enhancing and maintaining our daily activities in areas of engagements i.e. education and health, it is necessary that we develop technological pedagogical methods that are engaging and enjoyable to students as witnessed in other spheres of life. According to statista.com, basic research reveals that people (students) spend an average of 2.5 hours on social media and on gaming sites, an indication they can be empowered with knowledge and skills through gaming and online interests that attract most of their attention. Therefore, the replication of a classrooms lecture on a technological surface to teach scientific concepts can be a better option, however, its viability as a suitable pedagogical method has not been investigated fully. To determine the viability of a multiplatform environment as a teaching tool this paper reports competency-based learning skills acquired through a practicum virtual game based research findings. The research experiment was conducted on an educational software game created on smart technology, the Smart Table and the usability experience from K-12 teachers and students reported. The main research objective was to increase student motivation for learning mathematics concepts. Feedback from the majority of users with a self-reported score of 4.5 on a 5.0-point Likert for being computer literate were highly favourable of the idea. Further a highly significant number agree that K-12 students can learn better through interactive hands on activities than through traditional learning. The game had a highly significant score on a 5.0 Likert scale for not being terrible or frustrating and satisfaction with seventy percent approval of users likely to use if availed as a teaching tool. Consequently, the SMART Table (responsive surface based on, Open Data Protocol) is a creative way of promoting fun in the classroom while gaining an understanding of concepts.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132594976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Blockchain-based Secure Data Collection Mechanism for Smart Water Meters 基于区块链的智能水表安全数据收集机制
2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa) Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187803
Thandile Nododile, Clement N. Nyirenda
{"title":"A Blockchain-based Secure Data Collection Mechanism for Smart Water Meters","authors":"Thandile Nododile, Clement N. Nyirenda","doi":"10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/IST-Africa60249.2023.10187803","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in technology have led to a growing interest in smart water meters, which make it easier and cheaper for water utilities to collect meter readings wirelessly from people’s premises. This concept increases data accuracy and leads to huge savings for utilities. The major drawback is, however, that meter readings can be tampered with, in transit from the customer premises to the water utility’s servers as well as at the utility’s premises. To address this problem, a distributed ledger of blockchain-based secure data collection mechanism has been developed for smart water meters. The chosen implementation toolkits of the blockchain consist of a Substrate blockchain framework, where a node was created with a customized pallet or module, FastAPI to connect and make functional calls to store and retrieve data from the blockchain node. The testing of the implemented system focused mainly on functional tests. When the data is being stored, hashing has been applied to secure the data which results in a blockchain hash that is used to query on-chain data as a form of collection from the blockchain node. This will help to ensure that the integrity of the water data is preserved. The findings are relevant to any country that wants to implement the blockchain concept in smart water meters.","PeriodicalId":108112,"journal":{"name":"2023 IST-Africa Conference (IST-Africa)","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116881867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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