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Current Directions in Psychological Science最新文献

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Motivated Egalitarianism 动机的平等主义
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/09637214231154810
Aaron C. Kay, Rebecca Ponce de Leon, Arnold K. Ho, Nour S. Kteily
{"title":"Motivated Egalitarianism","authors":"Aaron C. Kay, Rebecca Ponce de Leon, Arnold K. Ho, Nour S. Kteily","doi":"10.1177/09637214231154810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231154810","url":null,"abstract":"Much research has examined the link between (anti-)egalitarian ideology and motivated social cognition. However, this research is typically framed around anti-egalitarianism, with the other end of this ideological pole, egalitarianism, often ignored altogether or treated as merely the absence of anti-egalitarian-motivated cognition. We integrate long-standing ideas from social dominance theory with contemporary models of motivated social cognition and a recent wave of empirical findings to argue that egalitarian ideology also drives social cognition in meaningful ways. We discuss why pursuing this avenue of research is important and outline several unanswered questions for future research.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44308482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Active Learning in Language Development 语言发展中的主动学习
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221123920
Ruthe Foushee, M. Srinivasan, Fei Xu
{"title":"Active Learning in Language Development","authors":"Ruthe Foushee, M. Srinivasan, Fei Xu","doi":"10.1177/09637214221123920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221123920","url":null,"abstract":"Recent evidence suggests that children play an active role in their own learning in many domains, yet the study of language development typically casts children as passive recipients of adult guidance. We argue that this approach overlooks language learning as a fruitful domain in which to explore children’s active, self-directed learning. Specifically, children seize language-learning opportunities and actively select the linguistic information they want to receive, thereby enhancing their own learning. We suggest that reframing the child as an active language learner generates novel explanations for key phenomena in language development, and generates complex, ecologically valid test contexts for researchers interested in rational accounts of learning.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41706046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Romantic-Partner Model of Mental Health 心理健康的浪漫伴侣模型
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221141691
Susan C. South
{"title":"A Romantic-Partner Model of Mental Health","authors":"Susan C. South","doi":"10.1177/09637214221141691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221141691","url":null,"abstract":"Romantic relationships are ubiquitous among adolescents and adults the world over. More than 90% of adults in the United States will marry at some point, and cohabitation is increasingly common among unmarried adults. Intimate relationships are arguably the main way that we fulfill our fundamental need for connection. In the United States and many other countries, for individuals in a committed monogamous romantic relationship, the relationship itself becomes one of the key contexts for mental health. The association between relationship distress and various forms of psychopathology is as strong as many other well-known predictors of mental illness. In this article, I discuss how relationships that become unsatisfying, distressed, or conflicted are a precursor to the experience of mental illness. I also discuss how the romantic relationship may trigger a diathesis for psychopathology. That diathesis may be biological (e.g., genetic) or psychological (e.g., cognitive, emotional).","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41596321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
15 Years of Parental Burnout Research: Systematic Review and Agenda 15年的父母倦怠研究:系统回顾和议程
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-16 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221142777
Moïra Mikolajczak, K. Aunola, M. Sorkkila, I. Roskam
{"title":"15 Years of Parental Burnout Research: Systematic Review and Agenda","authors":"Moïra Mikolajczak, K. Aunola, M. Sorkkila, I. Roskam","doi":"10.1177/09637214221142777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221142777","url":null,"abstract":"Parental burnout (PB), an exhaustion disorder related to parenting, is receiving increasing attention. In this article we aim to take stock of the findings accumulated about PB over the past 15 years. We review and organize the literature around four questions: (a) What is parental burnout? (b) Which factors are associated with an increased risk of PB? (c) What are the consequences of PB? (d) What are the current treatment options? In order to answer these questions, the article includes a correlational meta-analysis (k = 49, Ntotal = 35,170) of all empirical studies published on PB up to July 2021. In the last part of the article, we provide a road map for future research by pinpointing particularly promising paths and methodological improvements needed to draw stronger conclusions.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47717069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Semantic Space Theory: Data-Driven Insights Into Basic Emotions 语义空间理论:数据驱动的基本情感洞察
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221150511
D. Keltner, Jeffrey A. Brooks, Alan S. Cowen
{"title":"Semantic Space Theory: Data-Driven Insights Into Basic Emotions","authors":"D. Keltner, Jeffrey A. Brooks, Alan S. Cowen","doi":"10.1177/09637214221150511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221150511","url":null,"abstract":"Here we present semantic space theory and the data-driven methods it entails. Across the largest studies to date of emotion-related experience, expression, and physiology, we find that emotion is high dimensional, defined by blends of upward of 20 distinct kinds of emotions, and not reducible to low-dimensional structures and conceptual processes as assumed by constructivist accounts. Specific emotions are not separated by sharp boundaries, contrary to basic emotion theory, and include states that often blend. Emotion concepts such as “anger” are primary in the unfolding of emotional experience and emotion recognition, more so than core affect processes of valence and arousal. We conclude by outlining studies showing how these data-driven discoveries are a basis of machine-learning models that are serving larger-scale, more diverse studies of naturalistic emotional behavior.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44693630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Ancestral Diversity: A Socioecological Account of Emotion Culture. 祖先多样性:情感文化的社会生态学解释。
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221151154
Paula M Niedenthal, Ryan S Hampton, Michelle Marji
{"title":"Ancestral Diversity: A Socioecological Account of Emotion Culture.","authors":"Paula M Niedenthal,&nbsp;Ryan S Hampton,&nbsp;Michelle Marji","doi":"10.1177/09637214221151154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221151154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cultural differences in emotion expression, experience, and regulation can cause misunderstandings with lasting effects on interpersonal, intergroup, and international relations. A full account of the factors responsible for the emergence of different cultures of emotion is therefore urgent. Here we propose that the ancestral diversity of regions of the world, determined by colonization and sometimes forced migration of humans over centuries, explains significant variation in cultures of emotion. We review findings that relate the ancestral diversity of the world's countries to present-day differences in display rules for emotional expression, the clarity of expressions, and the use of specific facial expressions such as the smile. Results replicate at the level of the states of the United States, which also vary in ancestral diversity. Further, we suggest that historically diverse contexts provide opportunities for individuals to exercise physiological processes that support emotion regulation, resulting in average regional differences in cardiac vagal tone. We conclude that conditions created by the long-term commingling of the world's people have predictable effects on the evolution of emotion cultures and provide a roadmap for future research to analyze causation and isolate mechanisms linking ancestral diversity to emotion.</p>","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10312141/pdf/nihms-1898605.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10110166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Let Me Choose: The Role of Choice in the Development of Executive Function Skills 让我选择：选择在执行职能技能发展中的作用
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/09637214231159052
S. M. Carlson
{"title":"Let Me Choose: The Role of Choice in the Development of Executive Function Skills","authors":"S. M. Carlson","doi":"10.1177/09637214231159052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231159052","url":null,"abstract":"Executive function (EF) skills, including working memory, inhibition, and cognitive flexibility, form the neurocognitive basis for conscious, goal-directed behavior and self-control. Young children are notoriously deficient in such skills, but EF improves most rapidly in the preschool period. Individual differences in EF are predictive of a host of important life outcomes, and recent advances in measurement and intervention are promising. Caregivers play a key role in the development of EF, particularly with respect to supporting the child’s autonomy. I take a closer look at agency and discuss theoretical and empirical support for the notion that giving children a sense of choice in how to act, think, and feel is essential for healthy EF skill development in early childhood.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45513252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Deepfakes: Vehicles for Radicalization, Not Persuasion 深度造假:激进化的工具，不是说服的工具
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/09637214231161321
Maja Nieweglowska, Cal Stellato, S. Sloman
{"title":"Deepfakes: Vehicles for Radicalization, Not Persuasion","authors":"Maja Nieweglowska, Cal Stellato, S. Sloman","doi":"10.1177/09637214231161321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231161321","url":null,"abstract":"Deepfakes are an effective method of media manipulation because of their realism and also because truth is not a priority when people are consuming and sharing content online. Consumers are more focused on creating their own reality that aligns with their desires, opinions, and values. We explain how deepfakes differ from other sources of information. Their realism and vividness makes them unusually effective at depicting alternative facts, including fake news. Deepfakes are difficult to detect and will be even harder to detect in the future. However, people share deepfakes not necessarily because they believe them but because they want to reinforce their own identity and social position. The threat posed by deepfakes is that they can radicalize people by sowing chaos and confusion. They rarely change minds. We review the consequences of deepfakes in both the social sphere and private lives. We suggest potential solutions to reduce their negative consequences.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48282755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Explanation Is Effective Because It Is Selective 解释之所以有效，是因为它具有选择性
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/09637214231156106
T. Lombrozo, Emily G. Liquin
{"title":"Explanation Is Effective Because It Is Selective","authors":"T. Lombrozo, Emily G. Liquin","doi":"10.1177/09637214231156106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214231156106","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are avid explainers: We ask “why?” and derive satisfaction from a good answer. But humans are also selective explainers: Only some observations prompt us to ask “why?” and only some answers are satisfying. This article reviews recent work on selectivity in explanation-seeking curiosity and explanatory satisfaction, with a focus on how this selectivity makes us effective learners in a complex world. Research finds that curiosity about the answer to a “why” question is stronger when it is expected to yield useful learning and that explanations are judged more satisfying when they are perceived to support useful learning. Although such perceptions are imperfect, there is nonetheless evidence that seeking and evaluating explanations—in the selective way humans do—can play an important role in learning.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44981152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Why Recurrent Depression Should Be Reconceptualized and Redefined 为什么复发性抑郁症应该被重新定义
IF 7.2 1区 心理学
Current Directions in Psychological Science Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1177/09637214221143045
S. Monroe, K. Harkness
{"title":"Why Recurrent Depression Should Be Reconceptualized and Redefined","authors":"S. Monroe, K. Harkness","doi":"10.1177/09637214221143045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09637214221143045","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder is the leading cause of physical and mental disability worldwide, affecting more than 264 million people. A disproportionate amount of the enormous personal, societal, and economic toll is attributable to recurrent depression, wherein individuals suffer episodes repeatedly throughout their lives. At present, no clinical or scientific evidence can predict who will develop the disorder on an individual basis. We suggest two explanations for this pivotal prognostic impasse. First, a widespread belief that major depression is primarily a highly recurrent disorder is incorrect and misleading. Second, this incorrect belief has biased concepts, definitions, and research practices, further reinforcing the idea that depression usually is highly recurrent. We explain how such a belief and associated research practices stand in the way of progress, and we outline an agenda for discovering who is at greatest risk for recurrences following depression’s first onset.","PeriodicalId":10802,"journal":{"name":"Current Directions in Psychological Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48197086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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