Clinical Neurophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Memories of Mark. Personal reflections by those in IFCN who worked with Mark Hallett","authors":"David Burke , Robert Chen , Andrew Eisen , Marc Nuwer , Walter Paulus , Paolo Rossini , John Rothwell , Eric Stålberg , Jonathan Cole","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111590"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146118148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-density EEG in the eyes closed condition reveals early reduction of alpha oscillations after galcanezumab: A pilot study in migraine","authors":"Giulia Furregoni ,&nbsp;Letizia Bernardelli ,&nbsp;Gabriel Hassan ,&nbsp;Marta Porro ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Litterio ,&nbsp;Marcello Massimini ,&nbsp;Michele Colombo ,&nbsp;Carlo Lovati ,&nbsp;Mario Rosanova","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111589","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111589","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the impact of galcanezumab on spontaneous cortical electrical activity, focusing on its potential to reduce abnormal alpha oscillations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recorded high-density spontaneous EEG (hd-EEG) in 10 migraine patients before (T0) and 7 days after the first galcanezumab administration (T1) in eyes open (EO) and closed (EC) conditions. For each EEG frequency band, we assessed total power, including both aperiodic and periodic components, of the Power Spectral Density (PSD), and compared values between T0 and T1. For the alpha band, we further estimated the change in the periodic component. Clinical changes were assessed through MIDAS and MMD scores after 3 months (T2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All patients showed clinical improvement. At the electrophysiological level, alpha total power (FDR corrected P = 0.034) and alpha periodic power (P = 0.005) significantly decreased in T1 in EC condition. No significant changes were observed in EO, nor in other frequency bands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Alpha power, previously found to be elevated in migraine, decreased after galcanezumab treatment in EC condition.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>These findings point to a cortical effect of galcanezumab in migraine patients as early as 7 days after treatment. The EC condition appears particularly sensitive and should be included in future evaluations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146185446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurophysiology in the mirror: A tri-layer model of mirror movements informed by TMS evidence","authors":"Luca Sebastianelli ,&nbsp;Viviana Versace ,&nbsp;Davide Ferrazzoli ,&nbsp;Paola Ortelli ,&nbsp;Eugen Trinka ,&nbsp;Johann Sellner ,&nbsp;Raffaele Nardone","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Mirror movements are involuntary, task-coupled contractions in contralateral homologous muscles during unilateral movement. While often described as a developmental remnant or rare clinical sign, mirror movements offer insight into the physiological mechanisms that underlie motor lateralization and interhemispheric balance. This review aimed to synthesize the available neurophysiological evidence—primarily from transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)—and propose a structured, mechanism-based framework for interpreting mirror movements across neurological conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A structured narrative review was conducted of studies published between 1966 and November 2025 using TMS in individuals with congenital, developmental, or acquired mirror movements. Studies using neuroimaging or peripheral electrophysiology were included selectively to support anatomical or functional interpretation of TMS findings. Data were organized into three mechanistic layers based on prevailing neurophysiological signatures rather than etiology alone.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three non-mutually exclusive mechanisms were identified: (I) persistent fast-conducting ipsilateral corticospinal projections, primarily in congenital mirror movement syndromes and early brain injury; (II) deficient transcallosal inhibition, observed in conditions affecting interhemispheric balance such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and callosal agenesis; and (III) bilateral overactivation of premotor and supplementary motor areas, especially under conditions of impaired motor program selection or increased task demands.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Mirror movements can be interpreted within a tri-layer model reflecting distinct disruptions in corticospinal connectivity, interhemispheric inhibition, and supraspinal motor control.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This framework provides an integrative model for interpreting neurophysiological findings in mirror movements, offering insight into hierarchical motor control without implying specific diagnostic or therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111692"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peripheral nerve stimulation synchronized with brain stimulation facilitates somatosensory function","authors":"Yuki Maruyama ,&nbsp;Sumiya Shibata ,&nbsp;Sho Kojima ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Mima ,&nbsp;Hideaki Onishi","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>We developed a peripherocentral synchronized stimulation (pcSS) system which enables peripheral nerve stimulation synchronized with transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). We investigated the neuromodulatory effects of pcSS to the median nerve and the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) on the somatosensory function and the excitability of the S1 in healthy humans by assessing the two point discrimination (TPD) test and somatosensory evoked potential (SEP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty adults participated in this study. tACS was delivered across the right S1. The frequency was individually determined based on the latency of SEP. The left median nerve was stimulated at the specific phases (0 and π) of the tACS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>pcSS with the phase of 0, in which the median nerve stimulation was carried to the S1 at the timing when the peak current flowed in the posterior-anterior direction across the S1, the TPD threshold was decreased and the SEP amplitude was increased. Either pcSS with the phase of π or the median nerve stimulation without tACS did not alter the outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>pcSS induced the different effects depending on the phases of tACS when the peripheral nerve was stimulated.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>pcSS has the potential to become a new intervention for somatosensory rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal abnormalities in brain networks as a signature of neurological damage in Wilson’s disease","authors":"Ru-Kai Chen ,&nbsp;Jie Lin ,&nbsp;Chan Zhang ,&nbsp;Wu-Xiang Shi ,&nbsp;Yu-Rong Li ,&nbsp;Zhuo-Peng Hu ,&nbsp;Wan-Jin Chen ,&nbsp;Nai-Qing Cai","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Resting-state electroencephalogram (EEG) microstates serve as dynamic markers of intrinsic brain activity, reflecting the transient coordination of large-scale neural networks. However, their role in Wilson’s disease (WD) remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of EEG microstates in WD and explore their relationship with clinical manifestations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Resting-state EEG data were collected from 17 patients with WD and 17 healthy controls (HCs). Microstate parameters were compared between the two groups. Four commonly recognized typical microstate classes (A-D) were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Microstate analysis results revealed significant differences in the temporal parameters of microstates B, C, and D (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) between the HCs and WD patients. Additionally, WD patients exhibited distinct microstate transition patterns (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In the WD cohort, the occurrence and time coverage of microstate B and the transition probability from microstate C to microstate A significantly correlated with the Unified Wilson Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) scores. The ROC analysis further indicated good discriminative power of these microstate features for differentiating WD patients from HCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Abnormal microstate dynamics represent a key aspect of neurological impairments in WD, potentially reflecting underlying functional deficits, thereby enhancing our understanding of WD pathophysiology.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This study offers a thorough understanding of the spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity interactions in WD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111517"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Excitability prediction of the motor cortex leg representation using EEG-TMS","authors":"Miriam Kirchhoff ,&nbsp;Sarah Harders ,&nbsp;David Emanuel Vetter ,&nbsp;Maria Ermolova ,&nbsp;Jiahua Xu ,&nbsp;Ulf Ziemann","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Corticospinal excitability of the motor cortex (M1) hand representation is predicted by phase and power of the sensorimotor mu-rhythm in EEG-TMS studies. Here we address for the first time corticospinal excitability prediction of the M1 leg representation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><strong>I</strong>n 16 healthy subjects, 1,000 trials of single-pulse navigated focal TMS to the hot spot of the tibialis anterior muscle were obtained during motor evoked potential (MEP) and EEG recording, using Hjorth montages centered over sensorimotor cortex, ipsilateral to the hemisphere that was targeted by TMS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Power in the high gamma frequency bands correlated directly, and power in the beta band inversely with MEP amplitude. The phase of the mu-rhythm had no effect but a significant interaction between mu-power and mu-phase was observed: with high mu-power, largest MEPs occurred during the early peak, while with low mu-power largest MEPs were observed during the late peak.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Findings demonstrate that an interaction of mu-power and −phase, and power in other frequency bands of the EEG signal from the sensorimotor cortex prior to the TMS pulse predict corticospinal excitability of the M1 leg representation.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Findings may inform brain-state dependent stimulation of M1 leg representation for treatment of gait or balance disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111694"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of stimulus intensity on the TMS induced ipsilateral silent period – Comprehensive findings from a large healthy cohort","authors":"Matthias Wiemann ,&nbsp;Nina Drämel ,&nbsp;Mads A.J. Madsen ,&nbsp;Hartwig R. Siebner ,&nbsp;Martin Lotze ,&nbsp;Matthias Grothe ,&nbsp;Sebastian Strauss","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor area induces a brief suppression of voluntary muscle activity in electromyography (EMG), known as the ipsilateral silent period (iSP). The iSP reflects transcallosal inhibitory interaction between motor cortices. However, protocols vary, and systematic studies on how stimulation intensity influences the iSP are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In 100 healthy young adults, we applied line based neuronavigated single-pulse TMS to both primary motor hand areas at 90–230% of resting motor threshold (RMT). iSPs were recorded at each intensity, and summary statistics were calculated for common parameters. A multilevel mixed-effects model identified variables contributing to differences in outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We obtained 197 complete datasets (2116 iSPs). iSP duration and depth increased non-linearly with intensity, while onset remained unchanged. Consistently detectable iSPs (&gt;80% occurrence) were observed at 120% RMT. Variability increased at higher intensities, interacting with pre-stimulation EMG.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>iSP parameters show a non-linear relationship with intensity, except for onset, with greater variability at higher levels. To minimize variability, we recommend 120–140% RMT.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>This first systematic evaluation of stimulation intensity on iSPs in the largest cohort to date provides recommendations for future TMS studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111588"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping direct cortical responses to their underlying cytoarchitectonics","authors":"Aleksander Leon Lysomiski ,&nbsp;Jan Van Dijk ,&nbsp;Davide Giampiccolo","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111505","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111505"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146001738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal Resting-State EEG delta and alpha rhythms in Huntington’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases: An exploratory study","authors":"Dharmendra Jakhar ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Noce ,&nbsp;Claudio Del Percio ,&nbsp;Susanna Lopez ,&nbsp;Filippo Carducci ,&nbsp;Roberta Lizio ,&nbsp;Mina De Bartolo ,&nbsp;Verónica Henao Isaza ,&nbsp;Asia Macrì ,&nbsp;Andrea Soricelli ,&nbsp;Marco Salvatore ,&nbsp;Giuseppina Ciccarelli ,&nbsp;Simona Galluccio ,&nbsp;Angelica Di Cecca ,&nbsp;Marco Aiello ,&nbsp;Bahar Güntekin ,&nbsp;Görsev Yener ,&nbsp;Federico Massa ,&nbsp;Dario Arnaldi ,&nbsp;Francesco Famà ,&nbsp;Claudio Babiloni","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2026.2111518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This exploratory study tested the hypothesis that Huntington’s disease (HD) is characterized by distinct abnormalities in resting-state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms compared to Alzheimer’s disease (AD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical and rsEEG data were collected from 35 patients with HD, 81 patients with AD, and 102 healthy controls (HC). The rsEEG cortical source activations from 30 electrodes were estimated using eLORETA and were harmonized across clinical sites.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to the HC group, both the HD and AD groups showed widespread increases in rsEEG delta source activation and decreases in alpha source activation, with the HD patients exhibiting the most pronounced frontal effects. In patients with HD, those abnormal rsEEG source activations were associated with cognitive, motor, and functional deficits.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Patients with HD were characterized by a particular slowing of frontal rsEEG rhythms associated with clinically relevant variables.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>A topographically widespread slowing of cortical oscillatory activity was observed in both HD and AD groups, with a particularly pronounced frontal effect in HD, which may predict a greater impact on the sleep–wake cycle. These observations should be considered exploratory and need validation in future studies with enhanced vigilance monitoring during longer rsEEG recordings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 2111518"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cutaneous silent periods in Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1A disease","authors":"Markus Kofler ,&nbsp;Maria Elisabeth Holzknecht ,&nbsp;Elke Pucks-Faes","doi":"10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2111407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clinph.2025.2111407","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10671,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neurophysiology","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 2111407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145494960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}