Communications Physics最新文献_第8页

The role of spectator modes in the quantum-logic spectroscopy of single trapped molecular ions. 旁观者模式在单捕获分子离子的量子逻辑光谱中的作用。

IF 5.5 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02373-x

Mikolaj Roguski, Aleksandr Shlykov, Ziv Meir, Stefan Willitsch

{"title":"The role of spectator modes in the quantum-logic spectroscopy of single trapped molecular ions.","authors":"Mikolaj Roguski, Aleksandr Shlykov, Ziv Meir, Stefan Willitsch","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02373-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02373-x","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum-logic spectroscopy has become an increasingly important tool for the state detection and readout of trapped atomic and molecular ions which do not possess easily accessible closed-cycling optical transitions. In this approach, the internal state of the target ion is mapped onto a co-trapped auxiliary ion. This mapping is typically mediated by normal modes of motion of the two-ion Coulomb crystal in the trap. The present study investigates the role of spectator modes not directly involved in a measurement protocol relying on a state-dependent optical-dipole force. We identify a Debye-Waller-type effect that modifies the response of the two-ion string to the force. We show that cooling the spectator modes of the string allows for the detection of the rovibrational ground state of an <math> <msubsup><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow> <mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow> <mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow> </msubsup> </math> molecular ion with a computed statistical fidelity exceeding 99.99%, improving on previous experiments by more than an order of magnitude while also halving the experimental time. This enhanced sensitivity enables the simultaneous identification of multiple rotational states with markedly weaker signals.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"471"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12646960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145630732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asymmetric limits on timely interventions from noisy epidemic data. 嘈杂的流行病数据对及时干预的不对称限制。

IF 5.8 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02358-w

Kris V Parag, Ben Lambert, Christl A Donnelly, Sandor Beregi

{"title":"Asymmetric limits on timely interventions from noisy epidemic data.","authors":"Kris V Parag, Ben Lambert, Christl A Donnelly, Sandor Beregi","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02358-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02358-w","url":null,"abstract":"Deciding on when to initiate or relax an intervention in response to an emerging infectious disease is both difficult and important. Uncertainties from noise in epidemiological surveillance data must be hedged against the potentially unknown and variable costs of false alarms and delayed actions. Here, we clarify and quantify how case under-reporting and latencies in case ascertainment, which are predominant surveillance noise sources, can restrict the timeliness of decision-making. Decisions are modelled as binary choices between responding or not that are informed by reported case curves or transmissibility estimates from those curves. Optimal responses are triggered by thresholds on case numbers or estimated confidence levels, with thresholds set by the costs of the various choices. We show that, for growing epidemics, both noise sources induce additive delays on hitting any case-based thresholds and multiplicative reductions in our confidence in estimated reproduction numbers or growth rates. However, for declining epidemics, these noise sources have counteracting effects on case data and limited cumulative impact on transmissibility estimates. We find that this asymmetry persists even if more sophisticated feedback control algorithms that consider the longer-term effects of interventions are employed. Standard surveillance data, therefore, provide substantially weaker support for deciding when to initiate a control action or intervention than for determining when to relax it. This information bottleneck during epidemic growth may justify proactive intervention choices.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"450"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Elf autoencoder for unsupervised exploration of flat-band materials using electronic band structure fingerprints. Elf自动编码器用于无监督探索平面带材料使用电子带结构指纹。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-01936-2

Henry Kelbrick Pentz, Thomas Warford, Ivan Timokhin, Hongpeng Zhou, Qian Yang, Anupam Bhattacharya, Artem Mishchenko

{"title":"Elf autoencoder for unsupervised exploration of flat-band materials using electronic band structure fingerprints.","authors":"Henry Kelbrick Pentz, Thomas Warford, Ivan Timokhin, Hongpeng Zhou, Qian Yang, Anupam Bhattacharya, Artem Mishchenko","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-01936-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-01936-2","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional materials with flat electronic bands are promising for realising exotic quantum phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity and nontrivial topology. However, exploring their vast chemical space is a significant challenge. Here we introduce elf, an unsupervised convolutional autoencoder that encodes electronic band structure images into fingerprint vectors, enabling the autonomous clustering of materials by electronic properties beyond traditional chemical paradigms. Unsupervised visualisation of the fingerprint space then uncovers hidden chemical trends and identifies promising candidates based on similarities to well-studied exemplars. This approach complements high-throughput ab initio methods by rapidly screening candidates and guiding further investigations into the mechanisms underlying flat-band physics. The elf autoencoder is a powerful tool for autonomous discovery of unexplored flat-band materials, enabling unbiased identification of compounds with desirable electronic properties across the 2D chemical space.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11756449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143028150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carrier-envelope-phase characterization of ultrafast mid-infrared laser pulses through harmonic generation and interference in argon. 超快中红外激光脉冲在氩气中谐波产生和干涉的载波包络相位表征。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-01949-x

Claudia Gollner, Valentina Shumakova, Jacob Barker, Audrius Pugžlys, Andrius Baltuška, Pavel Polynkin

引用次数: 0

Divertor shaping with neutral baffling as a solution to the tokamak power exhaust challenge. 采用中性挡板的导流器成型解决托卡马克动力排气难题。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02121-1

Kevin Verhaegh, James Harrison, David Moulton, Bruce Lipschultz, Nicola Lonigro, Nick Osborne, Peter Ryan, Christian Theiler, Tijs Wijkamp, Dominik Brida, Cyd Cowley, Gijs Derks, Rhys Doyle, Fabio Federici, Bob Kool, Olivier Février, Antti Hakola, Stuart Henderson, Holger Reimerdes, Andrew Thornton, Nicola Vianello, Marco Wischmeier, Lingyan Xiang

{"title":"Divertor shaping with neutral baffling as a solution to the tokamak power exhaust challenge.","authors":"Kevin Verhaegh, James Harrison, David Moulton, Bruce Lipschultz, Nicola Lonigro, Nick Osborne, Peter Ryan, Christian Theiler, Tijs Wijkamp, Dominik Brida, Cyd Cowley, Gijs Derks, Rhys Doyle, Fabio Federici, Bob Kool, Olivier Février, Antti Hakola, Stuart Henderson, Holger Reimerdes, Andrew Thornton, Nicola Vianello, Marco Wischmeier, Lingyan Xiang","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02121-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42005-025-02121-1","url":null,"abstract":"Exhausting power from the hot fusion core to the plasma-facing components is one fusion energy's biggest challenges. The MAST Upgrade tokamak uniquely integrates strong containment of neutrals within the exhaust area (divertor) with extreme divertor shaping capability. By systematically altering the divertor shape, this study shows the strongest evidence to date to our knowledge that long-legged divertors with a high magnetic field gradient (total flux expansion) deliver key power exhaust benefits without adversely impacting the hot fusion core. These benefits are already achieved with relatively modest geometry adjustments that are more feasible to integrate in reactor designs. Benefits include reduced target heat loads and improved access to, and stability of, a neutral gas buffer that 'shields' the target and enhances power exhaust (detachment). Analysis and model comparisons shows these benefits are obtained by combining multiple shaping aspects: long-legged divertors have expanded plasma-neutral interaction volume that drive reductions in particle and power loads, while total flux expansion enhances detachment access and stability. Containing the neutrals in the exhaust area with physical structures further augments these shaping benefits. These results demonstrate strategic variation in the divertor geometry and magnetic topology is a potential solution to one of fusion's power exhaust challenge.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"215"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144207869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Revealing electronic correlations in YNi₂B₂C using photoemission spectroscopy. 利用光电发射光谱揭示YNi2B2C中的电子相关性。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02180-4

Aki Pulkkinen, Geoffroy Kremer, Vladimir N Strocov, Frank Weber, Ján Minár, Claude Monney

引用次数: 0

A century of Bose-Einstein condensation. 一个世纪的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚。

IF 5.4 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02195-x

Nick P Proukakis

引用次数: 0

Many-body phases from effective geometrical frustration and long-range interactions in a subwavelength lattice. 亚波长晶格中有效几何挫折和远距离相互作用的多体相。

IF 5.5 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02043-y

D Burba, G Juzeliūnas, I B Spielman, L Barbiero

引用次数: 0

Fast nonlinear integration drives accurate encoding of input information in large multiscale systems. 在大型多尺度系统中，快速非线性积分驱动输入信息的精确编码。

IF 5.5 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-18 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02339-z

Giorgio Nicoletti, Daniel Maria Busiello

{"title":"Fast nonlinear integration drives accurate encoding of input information in large multiscale systems.","authors":"Giorgio Nicoletti, Daniel Maria Busiello","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02339-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02339-z","url":null,"abstract":"Biological and artificial systems encode information through complex nonlinear operations across multiple timescales. A clear understanding of the interplay between this multiscale structure and the nature of nonlinearities at play is, however, missing. Here, we study a general model where the input signal is propagated to an output unit through a processing layer via nonlinear activation functions. We focus on two widely implemented paradigms: nonlinear summation, where signals are first nonlinearly transformed and then combined; nonlinear integration, where they are combined first and then transformed. We find that fast-processing capabilities systematically enhance input-output mutual information, and nonlinear integration outperforms summation in large systems. Conversely, a nontrivial interplay between the two strategies emerges in lower dimensions as a function of interaction strength, heterogeneity, and sparsity of conections between the units. Finally, we reveal a tradeoff between input and processing sizes in strong-coupling regimes. Our results shed light on relevant features of nonlinear information processing with implications for both biological and artificial systems.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"437"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12626883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145562894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced diffusion over a periodic trap by hydrodynamic coupling to an elastic mode. 通过流体动力耦合到弹性模式增强周期性阱上的扩散。

IF 5.8 1区物理与天体物理

Communications Physics Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1038/s42005-025-02378-6

Juliette Lacherez, Maxime Lavaud, Yacine Amarouchene, David S Dean, Thomas Salez

{"title":"Enhanced diffusion over a periodic trap by hydrodynamic coupling to an elastic mode.","authors":"Juliette Lacherez, Maxime Lavaud, Yacine Amarouchene, David S Dean, Thomas Salez","doi":"10.1038/s42005-025-02378-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s42005-025-02378-6","url":null,"abstract":"In many physical systems, degrees of freedom are coupled via hydrodynamic forces, even in the absence of Hamiltonian interactions. A particularly important and widespread example concerns the transport of microscopic particles in fluids near deformable boundaries. In such a situation, the influence of elastohydrodynamic couplings on Brownian motion remains to be understood. Unfortunately, the temporal and spatial scales associated with the thermal fluctuations of usual surfaces are often so small that their deformations are difficult to monitor experimentally, together with the much slower and larger particle motion at stake. Here, we propose a minimal model describing the hydrodynamic coupling of a colloidal particle to a fluctuating elastic mode, in presence of an external periodic potential. We demonstrate that the late-time diffusion coefficient of the particle increases with the compliance of the elastic mode. Our results reveal and quantify two features: first, spontaneous microscopic transport in complex environments can be affected by soft boundaries - a situation with numerous practical implications in nanoscale and biological physics; and second, the effects of fast and tiny surface deformations are imprinted in long-term and large-distance colloidal mobility, and are therefore measurable in practice.","PeriodicalId":10540,"journal":{"name":"Communications Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"465"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12638240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0