Cold Regions Science and Technology最新文献

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An analytically derived solution for the time history of a ship-ice impact 船冰碰撞时程的解析推导解
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104706
Edward J.D. Bryson, Sthéfano L. Andrade, Bruce W.T. Quinton
{"title":"An analytically derived solution for the time history of a ship-ice impact","authors":"Edward J.D. Bryson,&nbsp;Sthéfano L. Andrade,&nbsp;Bruce W.T. Quinton","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Popov-Daley method is a closed form analytically derived model used for calculating contact forces of a ship-ice impact. It consists of determining the available kinetic energy of the ship-ice system which is then dissipated into indentation energy. This method has been applied in multiple areas, with the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Unified Requirements for Polar Class Ships (Polar URs) using the Popov-Daley method as part of its design ice load model, assuming that all energy is dissipated through ice crushing, whereas other studies involving non-ice strengthened ships allow for structural deformation and thus consider both ice and structural indentation energies. More recently, the Popov-Daley method has seen use in multiple academic studies where its application over a period of time is desired, but a solution for the time – history derived from the underlying energy balance equations does not currently exist. With this in mind, a method for analytically solving the time – history of a Popov-Daley style ship-ice collision model has been developed, with equations derived for the indentation depth – time relationship as well as for the total time of the collision using the same assumptions employed in the Polar URs. The proposed models were found to be in very good agreement with numerical and preliminary experimental results. Applications of the models and further necessary validation work are both discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104706"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laboratory investigation on the control effect of a slope buried thermosyphon embankment in cold regions 寒区埋地热虹吸坡面路基控制效果的室内研究
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104702
Wansheng Pei , Junhua Zhou , Jianguo Lu , Shuai Du , Yanqiao Zhou
{"title":"Laboratory investigation on the control effect of a slope buried thermosyphon embankment in cold regions","authors":"Wansheng Pei ,&nbsp;Junhua Zhou ,&nbsp;Jianguo Lu ,&nbsp;Shuai Du ,&nbsp;Yanqiao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The snow or sand accumulated at embankment slope can change local thermal effect and cause uneven deformation in cold regions. How to solve the local thermal effect at slope is a critical issue for long-term embankment stability. In this study, a completely buried L-shaped two-phase closed thermosyphon (BLTPCT) embankment was designed to regulate the local thermal effect. A series of embankment model experiments, including the embankment with BLTPCTs and the control embankment without BLTPCT, were conducted to assess the thermal control performance of BLTPCTs embankment. The findings indicate that the BLTPCT is capable of partially cooling the embankment slope surrounding the evaporator segment of the BLTPCT during its operation, with a particularly pronounced cooling effect observed in the soil located near the lower central region of the evaporator. The maximum temperature reduction can reach 2.94 °C under this experimental condition. Meanwhile, the heat release by the condenser of the BLTPCT also causes the local pavement temperature to be higher than that of control embankment, with the maximum temperature increase reaching 24 %. The research could supply potential guidance for the local thermal effect issue at embankment slope in cold regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104702"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145262454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical study of the influence of moisture migration on the subgrade temperature field in cold regions and its negligible critical hydrothermal boundary conditions 寒区水分迁移对路基温度场影响及其可忽略临界热液边界条件的数值研究
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104708
Yuqin Zhao , Xiangtian Xu , Gaosheng Li , Yue Dang , Wei Wang
{"title":"Numerical study of the influence of moisture migration on the subgrade temperature field in cold regions and its negligible critical hydrothermal boundary conditions","authors":"Yuqin Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiangtian Xu ,&nbsp;Gaosheng Li ,&nbsp;Yue Dang ,&nbsp;Wei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we developed a single-temperature field model and a hydrothermal coupling model under various hydrothermal boundary conditions to quantify the effect of moisture migration on the subgrade temperature field. The temperature distributions, temperature differences, and maximum freeze-thaw depth differences between the two models across different subgrade sections were compared. The comparison revealed that moisture migration significantly impacted the subgrade temperature field as the boundary moisture content increased and the boundary temperature decreased. In seasonally frozen regions, the effect of moisture migration was minimal. In particular, at a high boundary temperature, the two models exhibited temperature differences of less than 1 °C and maximum freeze-thaw depth differences of less than 0.22 m. In permafrost regions, the effect of moisture migration on the subgrade temperature field led to temperature differences exceeding 6 °C and maximum freeze-thaw depth differences exceeding 1.6 m. Thus, critical hydrothermal boundary conditions for model simplification in subgrade temperature field calculation in cold regions were identified and validated through an engineering case study. These critical conditions provide a simplified method for determining whether moisture migration should be considered in predicting the subgrade temperature field, making the theoretical model more efficient and applicable in practical engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on soil freezing characteristic curve based on thermodynamic theory 基于热力学理论的土壤冻结特性曲线研究
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104707
Jiaqi Tian , Zunyi Wu , Zhaohe Wang , Liang Xie , Jifan Niu , Shuangyang Li , Chong Wang
{"title":"Study on soil freezing characteristic curve based on thermodynamic theory","authors":"Jiaqi Tian ,&nbsp;Zunyi Wu ,&nbsp;Zhaohe Wang ,&nbsp;Liang Xie ,&nbsp;Jifan Niu ,&nbsp;Shuangyang Li ,&nbsp;Chong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic variation of unfrozen water in frozen soils is recognized as a critical factor governing their hydrothermal-mechanical behavior and a primary mechanism of frost damage in cold-region engineering. However, prevailing soil freezing characteristic curve (SFCC) models are often constrained by inadequate theoretical foundations and ambiguous physical interpretations. In this study, a novel theoretical SFCC model was developed by integrating thermodynamic principles with the effective stress theory, incorporating experimentally determined particle size distribution data while accounting for the nonlinear relationship between pore size and particle diameter. Through chemical potential equilibrium and effective stress analysis, quantitative correlations were established between unfrozen water content and key parameters, including temperature and particle size distribution, during soil freezing. Model validation results demonstrate that the proposed model accurately predicts unfrozen water content variations across different soil types (<span><math><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0.9830</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>RMSE</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.9281</mn><mo>%</mo></math></span>). Three key findings were obtained: (1) Ionic hydration from salts (e.g., NaCl) inhibits pore water freezing, significantly depressing the initial freezing temperature while increasing unfrozen water content; (2) Elevated dry density facilitates macropore-to-micropore transformation, thereby enhancing soil water retention capacity; (3) Initial water content exhibits a positive correlation with unfrozen water content during early freezing stages, while showing negligible influence during later freezing phases. Compared with existing models, the proposed model demonstrates superior theoretical rigor, well-defined physical parameters, and computational efficiency, serving as a reliable theoretical tool for cold-region engineering design and coupled hydrothermal modeling of frozen soils. The findings not only advance the fundamental understanding of microscopic freezing mechanisms in frozen soils but also provide valuable references for relevant engineering practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104707"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Considering frictional effects on the ice crushing force of a ship-ice impact 考虑船冰碰撞对冰破碎力的摩擦效应
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104703
Edward J.D. Bryson, Claude G. Daley, Bruce W.T. Quinton
{"title":"Considering frictional effects on the ice crushing force of a ship-ice impact","authors":"Edward J.D. Bryson,&nbsp;Claude G. Daley,&nbsp;Bruce W.T. Quinton","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Popov-Daley method is the current standard for analytically determining ship-ice collision forces and involves converting the available kinetic energy of an impact into ice (or ice + structural) indentation energy. It is part of the current design ice load model in the International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) Unified Requirements for Polar Class Ships (Polar URs) and has seen use in multiple academic studies with ship-ice impact scenarios ranging from thick ice and heavy icebreakers to non-ice strengthened ships (NISS) encountering finite floes. The Popov method reduces a six degree of freedom impact between two bodies into a single degree of freedom collision normal to the contact plane by deriving a reduced mass through which the available kinetic energy of the impact is determined. One assumption associated with this method is that frictional effects do not have a substantial effect on impact loads. The present study tests this assumption with a rederivation of the original method that considers frictional effects. Different impact scenarios relevant to both the Polar URs and to more recent studies involving NISS are reviewed, with impact forces calculated by converting the available kinetic energy into ice crushing energy using a process pressure-area relationship as applied by Daley and in the Polar URs. Minimal percent differences in the force levels were found across all tested scenarios. Lower differences were found with scenarios involving smaller ice floes, and the difference level never exceeded 1.5 % across all scenarios tested. This confirms the suitability of the friction related assumption from the original Popov method. An investigation into friction coefficients required for a significant percent difference in force levels resulted in coefficients of as least 0.34, which may occur in different ship collision scenarios but is not realistic for steel-ice contact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104703"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large eddy simulation and laboratory experiments of ice melting in steady currents and surface waves 稳定流和表面波中冰融化的大涡模拟和室内实验
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104705
Chia-Ren Chu , Cheng-Han Yu , Fang-Yu Fan , Hwa Chien , Tso-Ren Wu
{"title":"Large eddy simulation and laboratory experiments of ice melting in steady currents and surface waves","authors":"Chia-Ren Chu ,&nbsp;Cheng-Han Yu ,&nbsp;Fang-Yu Fan ,&nbsp;Hwa Chien ,&nbsp;Tso-Ren Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well-known that global warming has accelerated ice melting in the Arctic and Antarctic regions, contributing to the rise of sea level. This study employs laboratory experiments to investigate the melting process of a rectangular ice floe in current flows and periodic waves. In addition, a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model combined with the enthalpy method is used to compute the melt rates of an isolated ice floe in steady currents over a wide range of velocities (0.02–0.30 m/s). The simulation results are validated against laboratory data. Experimental findings indicate that melt rates in current flows are proportional to the flow velocity but are lower than those observed in periodic waves. The front melt rate of the ice floe is greater than the thickness and rear melt rates under the same velocity. The unstably stratified flow in the wake region of the ice floe enhances the turbulent mixing between the meltwater and ambient water, dissipating the temperature stratification at a distance of about three times the floe's length. Furthermore, the mass change rate and basal melt rate of ice floe can be predicted using a bulk parameterization model for a wide range of current velocities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104705"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study on the ground-air temperature relationship under microenvironmental differences in the warm permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104704
Nuocheng Li , Zhanju Lin , Xingwen Fan , Yanhe Wang , Wenjiao Li , Qiang Gu , Wenlong Pang , Xuhui Wang , Peng Zhang
{"title":"Study on the ground-air temperature relationship under microenvironmental differences in the warm permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Nuocheng Li ,&nbsp;Zhanju Lin ,&nbsp;Xingwen Fan ,&nbsp;Yanhe Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjiao Li ,&nbsp;Qiang Gu ,&nbsp;Wenlong Pang ,&nbsp;Xuhui Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In permafrost regions, the ground-air temperature serves as a crucial boundary condition for simulating the spatial distribution and predicting the changing trends of permafrost, as well as a primary parameter for assessing the surface energy budget in alpine regions. However, current research on the ground-air temperature relationship at the local scale remains insufficient, particularly in the context of the complex surface conditions of the Tibetan Plateau. This study observed and analyzed nearly seven years of air and ground surface temperature from eight sites with different microenvironments in the warm permafrost region of the Tibetan Plateau hinterland, investigating the quantitative impact of microenvironmental differences on the ground-air temperature relationship at the local scale. Results indicated that while the mean annual air temperature was relatively uniform, the ground surface temperature (5 cm depth) varied markedly, driven by shallow soil moisture, vegetation cover, and slope aspect. Sites with greater shallow soil moisture, higher vegetation cover, or north-facing (shady) slopes exhibited larger thermal offsets and longer lag times, particularly in the cold season. The ground-air temperature relationship at all eight sites was linear (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.90), with the slope (<em>k</em>) and intercept (<em>b</em>) values exhibiting significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Specifically, the <em>k</em> value decreased with increasing vegetation cover, being the smallest in alpine grassland (<em>k</em> = 0.76) and the largest in sunny slope (<em>k</em> = 0.97); the <em>b</em> value increased with increasing shallow soil moisture, and sunny slopes significantly promoted an increase in <em>b</em> value, being the smallest in shady slope (<em>b</em> = 1.18) and the largest in swamp meadow (<em>b</em> = 3.87). These microenvironmental differences further influenced permafrost stability, with high shallow soil moisture and dense vegetation (&gt;30 % cover) reducing stability, while north-facing slopes provided more favorable thermal conditions. These findings have important implications for optimizing boundary conditions in permafrost model simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of freeze-thaw cycles on loess microstructure: A comparison of fine-grained and coarse-grained soils 冻融循环对黄土微观结构的影响:细粒土和粗粒土的比较
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104701
Chongyang Gao, Zhifeng Wu, Rong Chen, Yanchen Ma
{"title":"Impact of freeze-thaw cycles on loess microstructure: A comparison of fine-grained and coarse-grained soils","authors":"Chongyang Gao,&nbsp;Zhifeng Wu,&nbsp;Rong Chen,&nbsp;Yanchen Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The alterations in the microstructure of loess induced by freezing-thawing (FT) processes were crucial for assessing damage to engineering structures in regions affected by seasonal frost. In this study, a series of indoor tests, including freezing-thawing cycles (FTCs), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) tests, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations, were conducted to compare the development patterns of microstructural characteristics between fine-grained and coarse-grained loess. Prior to any FTC test, all loess specimens were prepared with the same initial void ratio (<em>e</em>), although they exhibited significantly different initial pore structures. The results indicated that fine-grained loess tended to develop more pronounced cracks with an increasing number of FTCs, while the surfaces of coarse-grained loess often displayed ice crystals and unevenness. Additionally, the variation in the content of medium and large pores (&gt;0.4 μm) in fine-grained loess was more pronounced than in coarse-grained loess during the FT process. The evolution of microstructural parameters in loess specimens was associated with both FTCs and loess type. The microstructural characteristics of the loess specimens were reflected in changes to micro-parameters such as relative pore content, peak value (<em>Pm</em>), dominant pore diameter (<em>Dm</em>), fractal dimension (<em>D</em>) and particle size distribution. After undergoing more than ten FTCs, the microstructural characteristics of the different loess types tended to stabilize, yet they still retained some initial structural features. These research findings contribute to a better understanding of the failure mechanisms of FT on loess with varying initial structures, thereby providing a scientific foundation for engineering designs that account for regional differences in loess properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104701"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing debris-covered glaciers using geospatial techniques in the Hindu Kush Region, Pakistan 利用地理空间技术评估巴基斯坦兴都库什地区被碎片覆盖的冰川
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104700
Shakeel Mahmood , Fatima Salman , Mariam Sarwar , Muhammad Irfan Ahamad
{"title":"Assessing debris-covered glaciers using geospatial techniques in the Hindu Kush Region, Pakistan","authors":"Shakeel Mahmood ,&nbsp;Fatima Salman ,&nbsp;Mariam Sarwar ,&nbsp;Muhammad Irfan Ahamad","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study employs geospatial techniques to assess the extent and characteristics of debris-covered glaciers in the Hindu Kush region of Pakistan. The variability in debris cover on glaciers globally poses a significant challenge to automated delineation and inventory processes. Satellite remote sensing data and geospatial analysis were used to map debris cover, delineate glacier boundaries, and evaluate temporal changes. Utilizing an ALOS PALSAR digital elevation model (DEM) with a spatial resolution of 12.5 m and thermal data. Morphometric parameters such as slope were computed using the PALSAR DEM. The Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) was utilized to detect snow surfaces characterized by high reflectance. A technique involving imagery conversion of NDSI to raster, combined with a polygon overlay operation with slopes less than 15 degrees, facilitated the identification of debris-covered glaciers. The semi-automated mapping approach revealed a significant change in both snow and debris cover. In 2016, the snow cover area was 4134 km<sup>2</sup>, and debris cover was 9899 km<sup>2</sup>, whereas in 2020, the snow cover area increased to 5873 km<sup>2</sup>, and debris cover decreased to 8128 km<sup>2</sup>. The debris-covered glacier area reduced from 115 km<sup>2</sup> in 2016 to 50 km<sup>2</sup> in 2020. The results highlight the significance of debris cover in influencing glacier dynamics and potential meltwater contributions. While the semi-automated approach provided reliable delineation of debris-covered glaciers, the absence of direct field validation remains a limitation, underscoring the importance of future ground-truthing efforts to further strengthen the accuracy of remote sensing analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104700"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145155371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Thawing warm permafrost of quicklime (CaO) piles and their optimization design 生石灰桩暖冻土解冻及其优化设计
IF 3.8 2区 工程技术
Cold Regions Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104689
Yuncheng Mao , Shanzhi Fan , Guoyu Li , Dun Chen , Changqing Zhao , Yanhu Mu , Haihong Zhang , Chunqing Li , Xiaosen Li , Xiaolin Li
{"title":"Thawing warm permafrost of quicklime (CaO) piles and their optimization design","authors":"Yuncheng Mao ,&nbsp;Shanzhi Fan ,&nbsp;Guoyu Li ,&nbsp;Dun Chen ,&nbsp;Changqing Zhao ,&nbsp;Yanhu Mu ,&nbsp;Haihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunqing Li ,&nbsp;Xiaosen Li ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coldregions.2025.104689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a sustainable ground improvement technique, quicklime (CaO) piles have demonstrated considerable potential in frozen soil engineering applications. This study systematically investigates the thermochemical behavior of quicklime piles in thawed-warm permafrost, focusing on their exothermic behavior, expansion, and moisture absorption capability. Comprehensive laboratory experiments involving six physical models constructed with two representative soils from Northeast China's Mo'he Airport and the Lanzhou Loess District, coupled with 55 numerical simulation cases, were conducted. Critical parameters like soil temperature evolution, heat flux distribution, volumetric moisture content, and density variations during frozen soil thawing were quantitatively analyzed. The results reveal that the thawing radius of quicklime piles is strongly correlated with three primary factors: volumetric ice content (<em>θ</em><sub><em>i</em></sub>), initial soil temperature (<em>T</em><sub>0</sub>), and quicklime weight ratio (<em>QWR</em>). Under otherwise identical conditions, the thawing radius demonstrates a positive linear relationship with <em>QWR</em>. Soil densification within the thaw-affected zone significantly improved, with average dry density increasing by ≥5 %. When arranged in triangular configurations with a pile spacing ≤3<em>d</em> (where <em>d</em> represents pile diameter), the inter-pile soil exhibited effective compaction characteristics (average squeeze coefficient ≥ 0.93). Field validation is recommended to verify inter-pile soil compression performance for a pile spacing exceeding 3<em>d</em>. The results substantiate that quicklime pile technology provides an effective dual-function solution for thermal stabilization and mechanical reinforcement in warm permafrost regions. This research establishes a theoretical framework and technical guidelines for optimizing quicklime pile applications in permafrost engineering.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10522,"journal":{"name":"Cold Regions Science and Technology","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 104689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145217365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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