CNS Spectrums最新文献_第5页

Correlation analysis of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children aged 6-14: based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. 6-14岁儿童血小板/淋巴细胞比值与注意缺陷多动障碍的相关性分析：基于全国健康与营养检查调查数据库

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924002475

Xianhua Li, Yan Luo, Xiaodan Zeng, Xuewen Qiu, Yang Hua, Lingling Zhan

{"title":"Correlation analysis of the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children aged 6-14: based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database.","authors":"Xianhua Li, Yan Luo, Xiaodan Zeng, Xuewen Qiu, Yang Hua, Lingling Zhan","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002475","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002475","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the association between the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children aged 6-14 based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.Method: We utilized data from NHANES 2013-2014 for analysis, with PLR as the independent variable and ADHD as the dependent variable. Weighted logistic regression was used to construct the relationship model. The subgroup analysis with stratification and adjustment for confounding factors was conducted to explore the association between PLR and ADHD risk in children aged 6-14. Finally, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was carried out to explore the non-linear relationship between PLR and ADHD.Results: The study included 1455 samples with 91 ADHD cases. A significant positive association (OR > 1, P < 0.05) was observed between PLR and ADHD risk in the multivariate weighted logistic regression model. Race and asthma status remarkably influenced the relationship between PLR and ADHD (P for interaction<0.05). The positive association between PLR and ADHD risk was particularly significant (P < 0.05) in boys, children born to mothers aged 20-29, and children with asthma. The RCS curve indicated a non-linear association between PLR and ADHD risk (P-non-linear = 0.0040), with OR > 1 when PLR ≥ 106.40.Conclusion: Increased PLR elevated the risk of ADHD, especially in males, children born to mothers aged 20-29, and children with asthma, with 106.40 possibly being an effective threshold for PLR's impact on ADHD risk.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142930824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liberty or life: the Aotearoa New Zealand perspective. 自由还是生活：新西兰人的视角。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000579

Justin Barry-Walsh

引用次数: 0

Anosognosia in schizophrenia. 精神分裂症的病感失认症。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-26 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924002323

Benjamin Rose, Philip D Harvey

{"title":"Anosognosia in schizophrenia.","authors":"Benjamin Rose, Philip D Harvey","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924002323","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924002323","url":null,"abstract":"Anosognosia, defined as a lack of knowledge of the disease, was originally identified in neurological disorders and is common in schizophrenia. These deficits are commonly referred to as \"lack of insight\" or \"unawareness of illness.\" They include challenges in accurate judgments of the reality of experience, as well as global and specific personal abilities. Related to inaccuracies in self-assessment are response biases when an incorrect self-assessment is made. We adopted a perspective focused on Introspective Accuracy (IA) and Introspective Bias (IB). IA is the ability to accurately judge several domains of experience and functioning. These include the reality of clinical symptoms, the experience of mood states, momentary competence in the performance of cognitive assessments and everyday functional skills, and the ability to accurately anticipate the success of future performance. IB is the direction of response bias in the context of impairments in IA. Deficits in insight, judgment inaccuracies, and response bias are highly relevant as these difficulties come with downstream impacts including difficulties with treatment adherence, an increase in severity of symptoms, greater everyday disability, reduced response to cognitive training interventions, and a need for increased intensity of interventions to maintain community residence. In this article, we review the research in IA and IB in schizophrenia, including differences in momentary versus global self-assessments, and the clinical correlates and functional impacts of inaccurate self-assessments and response biases in the context of self-assessment errors. We also examine the existing data regarding the neurobiological basis of impairments in IA.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dignity restored: the power of treatment first. 恢复尊严：首先是治疗的力量。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-23 DOI: 10.1017/S109285292400052X

Jhilam Biswas

引用次数: 0

A neuroethical approach to human life, identity, and liberty of schizophrenic patients. 精神分裂症患者的生命、身份和自由的神经伦理学方法。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000506

Alberto Carrara

{"title":"A neuroethical approach to human life, identity, and liberty of schizophrenic patients.","authors":"Alberto Carrara","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000506","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924000506","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a comprehensive neuroethical framework that seeks to deepen our understanding of human consciousness and free will, particularly in the context of psychiatric and neurological disorders. By integrating insights from neuroscience with philosophical reflections on freedom and personal identity, the paper examines how various states of consciousness from interoception to self-awareness influence an individual's autonomy and decision-making capabilities. The discussion utilizes a multidimensional, bottom-up approach to explore how neurobiological processes underlie different levels of conscious experience and their corresponding types of freedom, such as \"intero-freedom\" related to internal bodily states and \"self-freedom\" associated with higher self-awareness. This stratification reveals the profound impact of neurological conditions on patients' freedom of choice and the ethical implications therein. The insights gained from this analysis aim to inform more tailored and effective treatments for psychiatric patients, emphasizing the restoration of autonomy and respect for their inherent dignity. This work underscores the essential unity of the human person through the lens of neuroethics, advocating for healthcare policies that recognize and enhance the personal freedom of those with mental health challenges.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e4"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of esketamine for perinatal depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis - CORRIGENDUM. 艾氯胺酮对围产期抑郁症的疗效：一项系统回顾和荟萃分析-勘误。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924002396

Sabrina Wong, Gia Han Le, Angela T H Kwan, Kayla M Teopiz, Taeho Greg Rhee, Roger Ho, Joshua D Rosenblat, Rodrigo Mansur, Roger S McIntyre

引用次数: 0

A systematic review on the efficacy of GLP-1 receptor agonists in mitigating psychotropic drug-related weight gain - CORRIGENDUM. 关于GLP-1受体激动剂减轻精神药物相关体重增加功效的系统综述-勘误。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924002402

Trisha Menon, Serene Lee, Xuan Yi Gong, Sabrina Wong, Gia Han Le, Angela T H Kwan, Kayla M Teopiz, Roger Ho, Bing Cao, Taeho Greg Rhee, Yang Jing Zheng, Kyle Valentino, Kangguang Lin, Maj Vinberg, Heidi K Y Lo, Roger S McIntyre

引用次数: 0

Ketamine for the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis - CORRIGENDUM. 氯胺酮治疗精神疾病：系统回顾和荟萃分析-勘误表。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924002414

Angela T H Kwan, Moiz Lakhani, Gurkaran Singh, Gia Han Le, Sabrina Wong, Kayla M Teopiz, Donovan A Dev, Arshpreet Singh Manku, Gurnoor Sidhu, Roger S McIntyre

引用次数: 0

The Association Between Dextromethorphan/Bupropion with Alcohol and Substance Misuse: Reports to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) - CORRIGENDUM. 右美沙芬/安非他酮与酒精和药物滥用之间的关系：美国食品和药物管理局不良事件报告系统（FAERS）的报告-勘误表。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924002384

Angela T H Kwan, Roger S McIntyre

引用次数: 0

What is schizophrenia - symptomatology. 什么是精神分裂症——症状学。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-12-02 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000622

Joan M Striebel

{"title":"What is schizophrenia - symptomatology.","authors":"Joan M Striebel","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000622","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852924000622","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia is a highly heterogenous disorder with substantial interindividual variation in how the illness is experienced and how it presents clinically. The disorder is composed of primary symptom clusters-positive symptoms, negative symptoms, disorganization, neurocognitive deficits, and social cognitive impairments. These, along with duration, severity, and excluding other possible etiologies, comprise the diagnostic criteria for the disorder outlined in the two commonly used diagnostic classification systems-the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision and the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision. These primary symptoms as well as accessory symptoms (mood disturbances, anxiety, violence) and comorbidities (substance use, suicidality) bear upon each other to varying degrees and impact functional outcomes. The following review presents two patient cases illustrating the clinical heterogeneity of schizophrenia, the natural history of the illness and diagnosis, followed by the current understanding of the primary symptom clusters, accessory symptoms, and comorbidities. In addition to noting symptom prevalence, onset, and change over time, attention is paid to the impact of symptoms on functional outcome.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0