CNS Spectrums最新文献

{"title":"Valbenazine improves quality of life, functionality, and movement severity in patients with tardive dyskinesia: findings from the KINECT-PRO™ study.","authors":"Christoph U Correll, M Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez, Joseph P McEvoy, David V Sheehan, Gustavo Alva, Susan Mathias, Morgan Bron, Robert H Farber, Hui Zhang, Eduardo Dunayevich, Ashok Parameswaran","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101138","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852926101138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objective: </strong>Once-daily INGREZZA® (valbenazine), a selective vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor, is approved for tardive dyskinesia (TD) and Huntington's chorea. KINECT-PRO™ (NCT05859698) is currently the only study to assess the effects of a VMAT2 inhibitor (valbenazine) on quality of life (QoL) and functionality in patients with TD using multiple validated patient-reported outcomes (PROs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with mild-to-severe TD movement severity (per Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale [AIMS] item 8) and awareness of TD with mild-to-severe associated distress (per AIMS item 10) received open-label valbenazine (40, 60, or 80 mg) for 24 weeks. Primary endpoints included changes from baseline (CFBs) at Week 24 in 3 validated QoL/functionality PROs: Tardive Dyskinesia Impact Scale (TDIS), the only psychometrically validated PRO developed specifically for TD; Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS); and EuroQoL Group's EQ-Visual Analogue Scale (EQ-VAS). Secondary endpoints included CFB in AIMS total score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Substantial and clinically meaningful improvements in patient-reported QoL/functionality and clinician-reported TD severity were observed throughout treatment with valbenazine in the overall study population and regardless of psychiatric diagnosis (mood disorders, psychotic disorders) or TD severity at baseline (mild, moderate/severe). At Week 24 (<i>N</i> = 45), mean CFBs were: TDIS (-8.0); SDS Social/Leisure (-2.3); SDS Family/Home (-1.6); EQ-VAS (+13.1); AIMS (-6.8). Previously established minimal clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds for TD were exceeded for TDIS and AIMS. Safety and tolerability were consistent with valbenazine's known profile.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>KINECT-PRO is the first study of its kind, and valbenazine is the only VMAT2 inhibitor to demonstrate QoL/functional improvements in patients with TD across multiple validated PROs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e30"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148705811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Dextromethorphan/Bupropion with Diabetes Mellitus and Hyperglycemia: Reports to the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).","authors":"Yang Jing Zheng, Sabrina Wong, Gia Han Le, Angela T H Kwan, Christine E Dri, Roger Ho, Taeho Greg Rhee, Hernan F Guillen-Burgos, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852926101163","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"1-27"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Working Memory Across Psychiatric Disorders in Young Adults.","authors":"Kenneth Wang, Jon E Grant","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852926101151","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Gambling Disorder to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.","authors":"Jon E Grant, Ibrahim H Aslan, Megha Neelapu, Sophie Boutouis, Laurie Avila, Samuel R Chamberlain","doi":"10.1017/S109285292610114X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S109285292610114X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148677309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of the impact of short-term use of alprazolam on the cognitive, psychomotor, and quality-of-life impairments associated with anxiety disorders.","authors":"Humberto Nicolini, Santosh Basavraj Shirol, Kannan Subramaniam","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852926101102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"1-43"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacologic Modulation of Orexin Signaling: Impact on Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis and Potential Mechanism of Antidepressant Action.","authors":"Roger S McIntyre, Sabrina Wong","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852926101126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing chemobrain: Translational insights and evidence-based psychological interventions.","authors":"Tamás Szekeres, Márta Virág, Magdolna Dank, Péter Kovács","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101096","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852926101096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the improving survival rates of malignant tumors, the focus of attention in cancer research is shifting toward a better understanding of long-term treatment-related adverse effects that impact quality of life, with particular focus on cancer-related cognitive impairment. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as \"chemobrain\" in the literature, manifests as deficits in attention, memory, processing speed, and executive functions. Although the frequency of objectively measured cognitive deficits detected through neuropsychological assessments are moderate, subjective complaints often result in significant deterioration of quality of life. The present review aims to provide a multidisciplinary overview of chemobrain, emphasizing its epidemiological characteristics, neurobiological and psychosocial factors, and options for evidence-based psychological interventions. Alongside neurotoxic, inflammatory, hormonal, and neuroendocrine mechanisms associated with chemotherapy, the review highlights distress, cognitive compensation, and discrepancies between subjective complaints and objectively measurable cognitive deficits. Diagnostic challenges and evidence-based psychotherapeutic approaches-especially cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based interventions, and rehabilitation-are also discussed. This analysis highlights the complex nature of chemobrain and the need for further research to develop targeted, individualized therapeutic protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e28"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central sensitization syndromes as a neuropsychiatric risk state for dementia: Clinical and epidemiologic perspectives.","authors":"Kevin V Hackshaw","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101114","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852926101114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dementia prevention increasingly targets modifiable midlife risk states contributing to neurodegenerative vulnerability. While vascular and metabolic factors are established, a substantial proportion of risk remains unexplained. Central sensitization syndromes (CSS)-chronic conditions characterized by neural amplification-are highly prevalent, co-occur with depression and sleep disturbance, and involve neuroimmune and network-level mechanisms implicated in early Alzheimer's disease. To synthesize epidemiologic evidence linking CSS with incident dementia and evaluate competing causal explanations, including shared vulnerability, reverse causation, and medication-related confounding. A structured narrative review was conducted of longitudinal cohort and meta-analytic studies assessing incident dementia across CSS-related conditions. Multiple CSS-including migraine, fibromyalgia, irritable bowel syndrome, restless legs syndrome, and PTSD disorder-are associated with modest-to-moderate increases in dementia risk. Multisite chronic pain demonstrates dose-response relationships with hippocampal atrophy and incident dementia. However, many conditions lack dedicated longitudinal studies. Interpretation is limited by residual confounding, reverse causation, healthcare utilization bias, and medication effects. CSS are associated with increased dementia risk but causality remains unproven. Central sensitization may represent a clinically identifiable vulnerability state integrating pain, affective burden, and sleep disruption. This highlights a potentially high-risk population that may not be fully captured by traditional dementia risk models. Biomarker-integrated longitudinal studies and advanced causal modeling are needed to clarify mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e29"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148599668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic and clinical predictors in patients with borderline personality disorder: a 12-month follow-up study.","authors":"Andrea Aguglia, Gabriele Sapia, Francesco Stefanini, Michela Gagliardi, Noemi Redaelli, Annapaola Mazza, Benedetta Conio, Alessandra Costanza, Mario Amore, Andrea Amerio, Gianluca Serafini","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852926101084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148435323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative clock-drawing errors across dementia etiologies and mild cognitive impairment: a clinically interpretable six-class framework.","authors":"Ankur Banik, Sandip Pal, Asutosh Pal, Moukoli Pal, Indranil Dutta, Dilip Roy, Amrit Chattopadhyay, Julian Benito-Leon","doi":"10.1017/S1092852926101072","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1092852926101072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To characterize qualitative Clock Drawing Test (CDT) error profiles across dementia etiologies and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to propose a clinically interpretable six-class framework.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a hospital-based study in Kolkata, India, consecutive adults with cognitive impairment completed a free-drawn \"ten past ten\" CDT. Errors were coded using classical qualitative categories and clock components (face, numbers, hands), then collapsed into six classes: conceptual, stimulus-bound/perseveration, spatial, planning, number-related, and graphic-conceptual. For nonexclusive domains, omnibus Pearson χ² tests summarized error distributions across diagnoses; Cramér's V quantified effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants included Alzheimer's disease (AD; <i>n</i> = 36), vascular dementia (VaD; <i>n</i> = 16), behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD; <i>n</i> = 9), MCI (<i>n</i> = 19), and other conditions (<i>n</i> = 22). Although 50.0% drew a normal clock face, only 11.8% achieved perfect numbering and 12.7% set the hands correctly. Conceptual errors were most frequent (70.6%), followed by spatial errors (47.1%); neglect and counterclockwise numbering were rare (3.9% each). Error distributions differed by diagnosis for face, numbers, and hands (all <i>p</i> < 0.001; <i>V</i> = 0.4-0.5). The six-class scheme retained a significant distributional association with diagnosis (χ² = 43.365, <i>p</i> = 0.002; <i>V</i> = 0.3): bvFTD showed prominent conceptual and graphic-conceptual failures, AD combined conceptual and spatial errors, MCI emphasized spatial and number-related errors, and VaD was heterogeneous.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Qualitative CDT profiles vary meaningfully across cognitive disorders. This concise six-class framework captures clinically salient patterns, especially in severely degraded drawings, and may complement brief memory screening and digital CDT metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":" ","pages":"e20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}