CNS Spectrums最新文献

Criteria and diagnostic scale of the post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome. 战后延迟反应（紧张）综合征的标准和诊断量表。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000397

Natalia Danilevska

{"title":"Criteria and diagnostic scale of the post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome.","authors":"Natalia Danilevska","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000397","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: War participation risks mental disorders. Ukrainian combatants in Anti-Terrorist Operation/Joint Forces Operation since 2014 receive psychiatric care. Some show unique symptoms, not fitting recognized disorders, termed post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome. The aim of this study was to establish diagnostic criteria and develop a scale of differential diagnosis of post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome.Methods: This was a clinical retrospective study conducted on the basis of Zaporizhzhia Military Hospital and Zaporizhzhia and State Medical University, Ukraine, in the period from 2015 to 2021. Combatants of Ukraine-members of Anti-Terrorist Operation/Joint Forces Operation were involved in the study. In total, 426 male combatants were surveyed from whom those suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (n = 24), neurasthenia (n = 35), and post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome (n = 46) were selected.Results: The key symptoms of post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome were selected and ranked in order of their differential diagnostic value. The diagnostic scale for post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome was developed, which consists of 12 points.Conclusions: The received anamnestic information is important for classifying patients at risk of post-combat delayed response (tension) syndrome.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of esketamine for perinatal depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 艾司氯胺酮治疗围产期抑郁症的疗效：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000452

Sabrina Wong, Gia Han Le, Angela T H Kwan, Kayla M Teopiz, Taeho Greg Rhee, Roger Ho, Joshua D Rosenblat, Rodrigo Mansur, Roger S McIntyre

{"title":"Efficacy of esketamine for perinatal depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sabrina Wong, Gia Han Le, Angela T H Kwan, Kayla M Teopiz, Taeho Greg Rhee, Roger Ho, Joshua D Rosenblat, Rodrigo Mansur, Roger S McIntyre","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000452","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD), now referred to as perinatal depression, is a prevalent and debilitating mood disorder that reduces health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychosocial functioning. Esketamine, which is efficacious in adults with treatment-resistant depression and individuals with depression and suicidality, is also analgesic in pain management during childbirth labour. Herein, we investigate the efficacy of prophylactic esketamine in reducing the incidence of PPD.Methods: We performed a systematic review (i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid databases; inception to January 22, 2024) of randomized controlled trials that investigated the use of esketamine for PPD. We delimited our search to studies that prespecified the prevention of PPD with esketamine as the primary outcome. A meta-analysis was performed on PPD incidence rates using a random effects model.Results: Our analysis consisted of seven studies that met our eligibility criteria. We found that esketamine was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of PPD diagnosis within one week of childbirth (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = [0.15, 0.60], p = 0.0047). We also observed that esketamine was significantly associated with a decreased incidence of PPD diagnosis between 4 to 6 weeks post-delivery (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = [0.18, 0.59], p = 0.0034).Conclusion: Our results indicate that esketamine may have preventive antidepressant effects during the postpartum period. The aforementioned points have both mechanistic and clinically meaningful implications for the treatment of PPD.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Liberty or life: mental health care in Australia. 自由或生命：澳大利亚的精神保健。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000634

Kirsty MacDonald, Andrew Ellis

引用次数: 0

A clinical algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in adults: an updated review. 成人失眠症诊断和治疗的临床算法：最新综述。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-31 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000385

Habibolah Khazaie, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Ali Zakiei, Earl Charles Crew

{"title":"A clinical algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in adults: an updated review.","authors":"Habibolah Khazaie, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Ali Zakiei, Earl Charles Crew","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000385","url":null,"abstract":"Difficulty falling asleep and/or maintaining sleep are common complaints in patients visiting medical clinics. Insomnia can occur alone or in combination with other medical or psychiatric disorders. Diagnosis and management of insomnia at times are perplexing. This updated study review aimed at a clinical algorithm for diagnosis and treatment of insomnia in adults. We developed an easy-to-apply algorithm to diagnose and manage insomnia that can be used by general practitioners and non-sleep specialists. To this end, our team reviewed the previous studies to determine the prevalence, evaluation, and treatment of insomnia. We used the results to develop a clinical algorithm for diagnosing and managing insomnia.Insomnia occurs in a short (less than 3 months duration) or chronic form (≥3 months duration). Insomnia management includes both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. There is ample research evidence for the impact of a variety of non-pharmacological treatments, but both types of treatments can be used for each patient. If there are any contradictions in the diagnosis process, therapists should use objective instruments, such as polysomnography, but they should not be in a hurry to use these instruments.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is the neurobiology of schizophrenia? 精神分裂症的神经生物学原理是什么？

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000518

Michael A Cummings, Ai-Li W Arias, Stephen M Stahl

{"title":"What is the neurobiology of schizophrenia?","authors":"Michael A Cummings, Ai-Li W Arias, Stephen M Stahl","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000518","url":null,"abstract":"Schizophrenia spectrum disorders are brain diseases that are developmental dementias (dementia praecox). Their pathology begins in utero with psychosis most commonly becoming evident in adolescence and early adulthood. It is estimated they afflict the U.S. population at a prevalence rate of approximately 0.8%. Genetic studies indicate that these brain diseases are about 80% determined by genes and about 20% determined by environmental risk factors. Inheritance is polygenic with some 270 gene loci having been identified as contributing to the risk for schizophrenia. Interestingly, many of the identified gene loci and gene polymorphisms are involved in brain formation and maturation. The identified genetic and epigenetic risks give rise to a brain in which neuroblasts migrate abnormally, assume abnormal locations and orientations, and are vulnerable to excessive neuronal and synaptic loss, resulting in overt psychotic illness. The illness trajectory of schizophrenia then is one of loss of brain mass related to the number of active psychotic exacerbations and the duration of untreated illness. In this context, molecules such as dopamine, glutamate, and serotonin play critical roles with respect to positive, negative, and cognitive domains of illness. Acutely, antipsychotics ameliorate active psychotic illness, especially positive signs and symptoms. The long-term effects of antipsychotic medications have been debated; however, the bulk of imaging data suggest that antipsychotics slow but do not reverse the illness trajectory of schizophrenia. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAI) appear superior in this regard. Clozapine remains the \"gold standard\" in managing treatment-resistant schizophrenia.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142544165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical management model for impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease. 帕金森病冲动控制障碍的临床管理模式。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000403

Han Li, Yong Yang, Liying Yang, Anmu Xie

{"title":"Clinical management model for impulse control disorders in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Han Li, Yong Yang, Liying Yang, Anmu Xie","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000403","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last decade, we have gained a better understanding of impulse control disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD-ICD), a medication complication in PD. Researchers were aware of its complexity and took efforts to learn more about its diagnostic and treatment possibilities. Nevertheless, clinical management for it is currently neglected. We conducted a narrative overview of literature published from 2012 to October 2023 on various aspects of clinical management for PD-ICD. A potential \"susceptibility-catalytic-stress\" model in the development of PD-ICD was proposed and a profile encoding predictors for PD-ICD was created. Based on these predictors, some methods for prediction were recently developed for better prediction, such as the polymorphic dopamine genetic risk score and the clinic-genetic ICD-risk score. A variety of treatment options, including dose reduction of dopamine receptor agonists (DAs), DAs removal, DAs switch, and add-on therapy, are investigated with inconsistent reports. Based on current findings, we developed a clinical management model prototype centered on prevention, consisting of prediction, prevention, follow-up and monitoring, therapy, and recurrence prevention, for clinical reference, and further proposed 4 key clinical management principles, including standardization, prediction centered, persistence, and whole course.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Can total electrical energy (TEED) after subthalamic DBS alter verbal fluency in Parkinson's disease patients? A preliminary evidence. 帕金森病患者脑下垂体电刺激术后的总电能（TEED）会改变其言语流畅性吗？初步证据。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000439

Fabiana Ruggiero, Francesca Mameli, Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Eleonora Zirone, Filippo Cogiamanian, Linda Borellini, Elena Pirola, Antonella Ampollini, Barbara Poletti, Angelica De Sandi, Marco Prenassi, Sara Marceglia, Nicola Ticozzi, Vincenzo Silani, Marco Locatelli, Giordano D'Urso, Sergio Barbieri, Alberto Priori, Roberta Ferrucci

{"title":"Can total electrical energy (TEED) after subthalamic DBS alter verbal fluency in Parkinson's disease patients? A preliminary evidence.","authors":"Fabiana Ruggiero, Francesca Mameli, Edoardo Nicolò Aiello, Eleonora Zirone, Filippo Cogiamanian, Linda Borellini, Elena Pirola, Antonella Ampollini, Barbara Poletti, Angelica De Sandi, Marco Prenassi, Sara Marceglia, Nicola Ticozzi, Vincenzo Silani, Marco Locatelli, Giordano D'Urso, Sergio Barbieri, Alberto Priori, Roberta Ferrucci","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000439","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) improves motor outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD) but may have adverse long-term effects on specific cognitive domains. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total electrical energy (TEED) delivered by DBS and postoperative changes in verbal fluency.Methods: Seventeen PD patients undergoing bilateral STN-DBS were assessed with the Alternate Verbal Fluency Battery (AVFB), which includes phonemic (PVF), semantic (SVF), and alternate verbal fluency (AVF) tests, before surgery (T0) and after 6 (T1) and 12 months (T2). Bilateral TEED and average TEEDM were recorded at T1 and T2. For each AVFB measurement, changes from T0 to T1 (Δ-01) and from T0 to T2 (Δ-02) were calculated.Results: At T1, PVF (p = 0.007) and SVF scores (p = 0.003) decreased significantly. TEED measures at T1 and T2 were unrelated to Δ-01 and Δ-02 scores, respectively. However, an inverse, marginally significant association was detected between the TEEDM and Δ-01 scores for the AVF (p = 0.041, against an αadjusted = 0.025).Conclusions: In conclusion, the present reports provide preliminary evidence that TEED may not be responsible or only slightly responsible for the decline in VF performance after STN-DBS in PD.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence-based treatment for schizophrenia: a personal perspective. 精神分裂症的循证治疗：个人观点。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000555

Bethany Yeiser

引用次数: 0

Failure to treat: an American policy perspective. 治疗失败：美国的政策视角。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000543

Katherine Warburton

{"title":"Failure to treat: an American policy perspective.","authors":"Katherine Warburton","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000543","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout its two and a half centuries in existence, US mental health policy has repeatedly failed people living with schizophrenia. The failures are cyclical-the inhumane conditions uncovered in the first 75 years of existence were addressed with the construction of state asylums to deliver moral treatment. One hundred years later, the asylums were themselves revealed to be inhumane. Deinstitutionalization, the response to the failure of asylums starting in the 1960s, now drives outcomes such as homelessness, incarceration, and early death for people living with psychotic illnesses. In all cases, well-intentioned policy reform has failed at the level of implementation, largely due to a lack of accountability. The result has been a consistent failure to adequately treat people living with schizophrenia, which is now understood to be a highly treatable condition. As the country passes into a quarter millennium in existence, reform is once again underway. Unlike other points in history, there is good news. Other countries, such as Italy, have successfully leveraged reform to achieve greatly improved outcomes. Understanding US history and the successful implementation of policy change in other countries is imperative and teaches us that accountability in implementation is necessary to break the cycle of policy failure.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy of vortioxetine versus desvenlafaxine in the treatment of functional impairment in patients with major depressive disorder: Results from the multinational VIVRE study. 伏替西汀与去文拉法辛治疗重度抑郁症患者功能障碍的疗效：多国 VIVRE 研究结果。

IF 3.4 3区医学

CNS Spectrums Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1092852924000610

Michael Cronquist Christensen, Iria Grande, Andreas Rieckmann, Pratap Chokka

{"title":"Efficacy of vortioxetine versus desvenlafaxine in the treatment of functional impairment in patients with major depressive disorder: Results from the multinational VIVRE study.","authors":"Michael Cronquist Christensen, Iria Grande, Andreas Rieckmann, Pratap Chokka","doi":"10.1017/S1092852924000610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1092852924000610","url":null,"abstract":"Background: In VIVRE (NCT04448431), vortioxetine was associated with significantly higher rates of symptomatic and functional remission, better daily and social functioning, and greater treatment satisfaction than desvenlafaxine in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and partial response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) therapy. This analysis further explored the relative improvement in patient functioning with vortioxetine versus desvenlafaxine.Methods: VIVRE was a randomized, double-blind study of vortioxetine (10 or 20 mg/day) versus desvenlafaxine (50 mg/day) in adults with MDD and partial response to initial SSRI monotherapy. Mean percentage changes from baseline to week 8 in Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) total and domain scores were analyzed by treatment group in the overall population and in working patients.Results: In the overall population, the mean reduction in FAST total score from baseline after 8 weeks of treatment was 37.2% in vortioxetine-treated patients versus 31.8% in desvenlafaxine-treated patients (P = 0.04). Significantly greater improvements versus desvenlafaxine were seen in vortioxetine-treated patients for FAST autonomy, cognitive functioning, and interpersonal-relationships scores (all P < 0.05). In working patients, the mean reduction in FAST total score from baseline at week 8 was 38.7% versus 32.1% in the vortioxetine and desvenlafaxine groups, respectively (P = 0.04). Significant correlations were seen between absolute changes in patient functioning, and those in depression severity and health-related quality of life.Conclusion: Vortioxetine was significantly better than desvenlafaxine in improving overall functioning as well as daily, social, and cognitive functioning in patients with MDD with inadequate response to prior SSRI therapy.","PeriodicalId":10505,"journal":{"name":"CNS Spectrums","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142496447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0