Clinical laboratory最新文献

{"title":"Diagnostic Value of Chemiluminescence Assay for Syphilis-Specific Antibodies.","authors":"Shufeng Hou, Min Lan","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to explore the diagnostic value of chemiluminescence assay for syphilis-specific antibodies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical specimens (100 in total) were selected from patients receiving examinations from July 2022 through June 2023 and tested for syphilis-specific antigens by means of chemiluminescence assay, followed by retests through Treponema pallidum particle agglutination test (TPPA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A final clinical diagnosis was made in combination with the physiological conditions, underlying diseases, and other factors of the patients. With the final clinical diagnosis as the gold standard, an analysis was made on the value of chemiluminescence assay for detection of syphilis-specific antibodies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Combined with the physiological conditions, underlying diseases, and other factors of the patients, a final clinical diagnosis was determined, i.e. there were 93 positive clinical specimens and 7 negative clinical specimens. The positive detection rate by TPPA was higher than that by ELISA (p < 0.05). The sensitivity of chemiluminescence assay and TPPA in the diagnosis of syphilis-specific antibodies was higher than that of ELISA (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curves were plotted with the results of chemiluminescence assay as the test vari¬ables and the final clinical diagnosis as the state variables (1 = positive, 0 = negative). It was found that chemiluminescence assay exhibited a diagnostic value for syphilis-specific antibodies (area under the curve: 0.704, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite high sensitivity, the specificity of chemiluminescence assay is low in the diagnosis of syphilis-specific antibodies, so chemiluminescence assay cannot serve as a basis for the clinical diagnosis of syphilis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Multiple Clefts Nuclei in Blasts with TCF3::PBX1 Fusion in B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma.","authors":"Xingqin Huang, Jiasi Zhang, Na Shen, Xia Wang, Linglin Jiang, Xiaofen Zeng, Keyu Liu","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several particular kinds of typical morphology characteristics of leukemic blasts associated with the specific subtypes of leukemia have been reported. However, B acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (B-ALL/LBL) has rarely been reported. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of TCF3::PBX1 fusion with multiple clefts nuclei of blasts in patients with B-ALL/LBL.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) smears of 145 patients prepared at the time of initial diagnosis of B-ALL/LBL based on the results of testing for the TCF3::PBX1 fusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We investigated the association among this morphological phenotype and hematologic findings, disease markers, fusions of TCF3::PBX1, BCR::ABL1, and ETV6::RUNX1, KMT2A rearrangement, and no such fusions and rearrangements. Multiple clefts nuclei of blasts were found in 13 patients (8.97%) diagnosed with B-ALL/ LBL. Positive association between multiple clefts nuclei of blasts and TCF3::PBX1 fusion in patients with B-ALL/ LBL was observed after full adjustment for all the confounding variables (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The morphology of multiple clefts nuclei in blasts was strongly correlated with TCF3::PBX1 fusion in patients with B-ALL/LBL. Therefore, testing for TCF3::PBX1 fusions is recommended for patients with the morphology of multiple clefts nuclei in blasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlations of Prealbumin, Procalcitonin, and Brain Natriuretic Peptide with Acute Respiratory Infection in Children.","authors":"Dongsheng Jin, Jianhua Wang, Hong Liu","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to investigate the correlations of prealbumin (PA), procalcitonin (PCT) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) with acute respiratory infection (ARI) in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 120 children with ARI admitted from June 2021 through June 2023 were selected (an infection group) and divided into a bacteria group (n = 50) and a virus group (n = 70) according to the results of bacterial culture and serum test. Another 90 healthy children who underwent physical examination in the same period were selected as a control group. The levels of serum PA, PCT, and BNP were compared among the three groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the bacteria group, the virus group had an increased PA level (p < 0.05), and decreased PCT and BNP levels (p < 0.05). After treatment, the PA level increased (p < 0.05), while the PCT and BNP levels decreased compared with those before treatment (p < 0.05). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of the combined detection of PA, PCT, and BNP was 0.919, larger than those of PA, PCT, or BNP alone (0.638, 0.902, and 0.713). In bacteria and virus groups, PA had significant negative correlations with PCT (r = -0.532 and -0.541, p < 0.05), but significant positive correlations with BNP (r = 0.604 and 0.526, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combined detection of serum PA, PCT, and BNP levels has high diagnostic efficacy for ARI in children, and PA has significant correlations with PCT and BNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Analysis of Fetal Growth Restriction Caused by Rare 4q28.1q31.21 Microdeletion.","authors":"Yan Zhang, Huang-Hui Chen, Hui-Juan Chi, Li-Hua Lin, Zheng-Yong Lin, Jing-Jing Wang, Li-Na Zeng","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study conducted genetic analysis on fetuses indicated to be at high risk by non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) to explore the etiology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Karyotype analysis and single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) were performed to detect copy number variations in fetal amniotic fluid and parental peripheral blood.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fetal karyotype showed 46, X?, del (4) (q28q31.2). SNP-array revealed a novel 22.3 Mb deletion in the 4q28.1q31.21 segment. No abnormalities were found in the karyotype and SNP-array of the fetal parents. After induction of labor, the fetus was diagnosed with fetal growth restriction (FGR); being small for its gestational age by three weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using G-banding karyotype analysis and SNP-array, a prenatal diagnosis of a fetus with rare 4q28.1q31.21 microdeletion was made. The 4q28.1q31.21 microdeletion was identified as the cause of fetal FGR, leading to accurate genetic counseling for pregnant women.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiology of Iron Metabolism.","authors":"Dietmar Enko","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The essential trace element iron, which can occur in various oxidation states, is required for many biochemical reactions and processes in the human body.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review summarizes the current knowledge about the physiology of iron metabolism.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The physiological functions comprise oxygen transport in the blood, electron transport processes, DNA synthesis and gene regulation, the regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and the energy production in mitochondria. The average daily requirement of approximately 1 - 2 mg iron must be covered with dietary intake in form of heme iron in meat and non-heme iron in vegetables and fortified cereal products. Dietary iron is absorbed in the duodenum and the proximal ileum. The hepcidin-mediated ferroportin on the basolateral membrane of the enterocytes regulates the iron transport into the blood circulation. The transferrin-bound iron in the blood undergoes an intracellular uptake via the transferrin receptor TfR1 and TfR2. Intracellular storage iron is physiologically mobilized from ferritin and hemosiderin mainly for erythropoiesis. An effective iron-recycling mecha-nism in the liver and spleen guarantees the permanent body's daily requirement. Controlled intestinal iron absorption and iron recycling are part of the main physiological mechanisms to keep the iron levels in the human body in balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The physiological function of iron is diverse and complex. The daily required iron intake of 1 - 2 mg is regulated by the hepcidin-dependent protein ferroportin. Intracellular iron storage and a recycling mechanism of iron guarantee the continuous supply of this trace element to the human body.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value of Serum β2-Microglobulin in Predicting Survival of Patients with Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma.","authors":"Jun W Zhong, Xiang Weng, Li Chen","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the predictive value of β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) on the prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with DLBCL diagnosed by pathologic biopsy were collected from January 2021 through December 2022, and a total of 98 patients were finally included. The 98 patients were grouped according to their prognosis, i.e., into the survival group (n = 69) and death group (n = 29). The critical value of β2-MG for survival in DLBCL patients was obtained by ROC curve. Kaplan Meier curve was plotted to analyze the relationship between β2-MG and the overall survival of DLBCL patients, and a one-way test was performed to examine the clinical data of the patients. Independent predictors affecting the prognosis of DLBCL patients were screened using unifactorial and multifactorial Cox regression analysis. R 4.2.1 software was used to refit the constructed column-line graph prediction model and internal validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The critical value of β2-MG for survival in DLBCL patients was 3.285 µg/L, obtained by ROC curve. All patients were categorized into the following two groups: β2-MG ≤ 3.285 group (n = 75) and β2-MG > 3.285 group (n = 23). During the follow-up period, 9 endpoint events occurred in the β2-MG ≤ 3.285 group and 20 endpoint events occurred in the β2-MG > 3.285 group. The β2-MG ≤ 3.285 group had a higher overall survival rate than the β2-MG > 3.285 group. High levels of β2-MG, LDH, and CRP were independent prognostic influences affecting overall survival in DLBCL patients. β2-MG, LDH, and CRP were combined to construct the prognostic prediction model, and there was a better consistency between the predicted probability and the actual results.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Poor treatment prognosis of DLBCL patients is closely related to abnormally elevated levels of β2-MG. High levels of β2-MG, LDH, and CRP are independent risk factors for disease progression and prognostic survival in DLBCL patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Diagnostic and Differential Value of the Serum Albumin-to-Globulin Ratio in Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Xian-Min Lv, Lu-Wei Yan, Guo-Qi Yu, Zheng-Zheng Chen, Long Xiao, Hong-Lei Yu","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of the serum albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) in diagnosing multiple myeloma (MM) and its differential diagnosis from other conditions such as liver and kidney diseases to provide scientific evidence for clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 52 newly-diagnosed MM patients from Tongxiang First People's Hospital between January 2020 and June 2024 were selected as the study group. Additionally, 56 patients newly diagnosed with liver disease and 58 patients newly diagnosed with kidney disease during the same period were used as disease control groups, along with 54 healthy individuals serving as the normal control group. Serum total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin (GLB), and AGR levels were measured and compared across groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic and differential diagnostic efficacy of these biomarkers for MM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in TP, ALB, GLB, and AGR levels across the four groups (p < 0.05). The MM, liver disease, and kidney disease groups had significantly higher TP and GLB levels and lower ALB and AGR levels compared to the healthy controls (p < 0.05). The MM group had significantly higher TP and GLB levels and lower ALB and AGR levels than the other three groups (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the areas under the curve (AUC) for TP, ALB, GLB, and AGR in diagnosing MM were 0.821, 0.865, 0.909, and 0.910, respectively, with GLB and AGR showing high diagnostic value (AUC > 0.9) and AGR demonstrating the highest sensitivity. In differentiating MM from liver disease, the AUCs for TP, ALB, GLB, and AGR were 0.849, 0.670, 0.881, and 0.884, respectively, with GLB and AGR showing high diagnostic value. In distinguishing MM from kidney disease, the AUCs for TP, ALB, GLB, and AGR were 0.897, 0.618, 0.901, and 0.905, respectively, with both GLB and AGR having high differential diagnostic value (AUC > 0.9) and AGR demonstrating the highest sensitivity (88.6%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AGR, a simple, cost-effective, and routinely available biochemical marker, demonstrates significant value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MM. Its clinical use should be emphasized and promoted.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Immunologic, and Genetic Characteristics of T-lymphoblastic Leukemia with STIL-TAL1 Fusion.","authors":"Sang Mook Kim, Soong Ki Roh, Ji Yeon Ham, Yu Kyung Kim, Soon Hee Chang","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>T-lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with a less favorable prognosis. The genetic background of T-ALL is widely heterogeneous, with the co-occurrence of multiple genetic abnormalities. The STIL-TAL1 rearrangement results from a submicroscopic deletion on chromosome 1p33 and is present in 15 - 25% of T-ALL cases. Submicroscopic deletions are not detected by conventional cytogenetic ana-lyses but can be identified through array comparative genomic hybridization and/or high-throughput RNA sequencing. Patients with the STIL-TAL1 fusion exhibit distinct characteristics, such as a young age, high white blood cell count, typical immunophenotype, and specific genetic abnormalities. However, the clinical, laboratory, and prognostic significance of this rearrangement remains unclear. This study was performed to identify STIL-TAL1 rearrangement resulting from submicroscopic 1p33 deletion in T-ALL and to investigate the clinical, immunologic, and genetic characteristics of T-ALL patients with STIL-TAL1 fusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 15 T-ALL patients were enrolled over a 6-year period (2018 - 2023). We evaluated clinical features and laboratory findings, including immunophenotyping, multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), karyotype analysis, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), on bone marrow or peripheral blood specimens at the diagnostic stage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiplex RT-PCR was performed on 15 cases of T-ALL, and STIL-TAL1 fusion was detected in 3 cases (20.0%, 3/15). STIL-TAL1-positive patients were all male, under 40 years of age, and presented with lymph node enlargement, hepatosplenomegaly, and mediastinal mass. They showed relatively higher leukocyte counts and hemoglobin levels, but lower platelet counts compared to STIL-TAL1 negative cases. Immunophenotyping analysis revealed higher sCD3 and lower CD34 expression with no aberrant myeloid lineage expression. CMA demonstrated a 63-kb heterozygous deletion at 1p33, along with additional copy number abnormalities such as TCR rearrangements and a biallelic CDKN2A deletion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The T-ALL with STIL-TAL1 fusion exhibits unique clinical, immunologic, and genetic characteristics. Further multi-center studies, incorporating cytogenetic and molecular analyses, are needed to elucidate the detailed pathophysiology, characteristics, and clinical significance of this gene rearrangement.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of a Novel Fluorescent Immunoassay-Based Test in Latent Tuberculosis Infection.","authors":"Ayse N Ceylan, Harbiye D Canat, Selda Komec, Abdurrahman Gulmez","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.241003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis is still a significant global health challenge, with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) posing a risk for the development of active disease. This study aimed to compare the performance of the STAN-DARD F TB-Feron FIA test with the QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus, a test endorsed by the World Health Organization (WHO), in detecting LTBI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 137 participants, out of which 58.4% were healthy and 41.6% were undergoing immunosuppressive treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The agreement between QFT-Plus and TB-Feron FIA was substantial, with an overall concordance of 83.0% and a Cohen's kappa coefficient of 0.631 (p < 0.001). The TB-Feron FIA test demonstrated a sensitivity of 84.38% and a specificity of 87.10% compared to QFT-Plus. When TB-Feron FIA cutoff values were recalculated according to QFT Plus results, the value of 0.37 gave the highest sensitivity and specificity (84.37% and 88.42%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that TB-Feron FIA is a reliable alternative for diagnosing LTBI, with performance comparable to QFT-Plus, especially in immunosuppressive patients where sensitivity was 100%. Further studies are warranted to confirm these results in broader populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Meta Analysis of RBC Alloimmunization in Transfused Sickle Cell and Thalassemia Patients in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Waleed M Bawazir","doi":"10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7754/Clin.Lab.2024.240827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alloimmunization to red blood cells (RBCs) presents a significant challenge in blood transfusion for individuals afflicted with sickle cell disease (SCD) and thalassemia. However, there is a scarcity of data regarding the prevalence of RBC alloimmunization in such patients in Saudi Arabia. To address this gap, a comprehensive meta-analysis was undertaken to ascertain the rate of RBC alloimmunization in SCD and thalassemia patients who receive regular transfusions in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search and subsequent meta-analysis, following PRISMA guidelines, were carried out. We meticulously combed through six prominent scientific databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, up to July 20, 2023, to identify pertinent English-language articles. Data were meticulously extracted from the selected studies. The meta-analysis adopted a random-effects model and included subgroup analyses to delineate the RBC alloimmunization rates specifically for SCD and thalassemia patients receiving regular transfusions. Heterogeneity was assessed through Cochran's Q and I2 tests. The study protocol was registered under PROSPERO, with the code CRD42023440761.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our comprehensive search yielded a total of 983 articles, with 12 meeting the criteria for the final analysis, encompassing a total of 1,811 SCD and thalassemia patients. The collective RBC alloimmunization rate across all the eligible articles for patients with SCD and thalassemia who received regular transfusions in Saudi Arabia was determined to be 18.2%. Subgroup analysis, comprising nine articles, indicated that the RBC alloimmunization rate among SCD patients was 18.6%, while analysis of six articles revealed that the rate among thalassemia patients stood at 19.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis underscores that the RBC alloimmunization rate in SCD and thalassemia patients who regularly receive transfusions in Saudi Arabia stands at 18.2%. Considering these findings, it is essential to prioritize extended phenotyping prior to transfusion to significantly reduce the risk of RBC alloimmunization.</p>","PeriodicalId":10384,"journal":{"name":"Clinical laboratory","volume":"71 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}