Clinical and Translational Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Treatment of Hereditary Angioedema With Plasma-Derived C1 Inhibitor: A Review","authors":"Inmaculada Martinez-Saguer,&nbsp;Ingo Pragst,&nbsp;Beverley Worrall,&nbsp;Konrad Bork","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70126","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is clinically characterized by recurrent episodes of localized edema. HAE typically occurs due to a deficiency of functional C1 inhibitor (C1INH, HAE-C1INH); in addition, several types of HAE with normal quantity and activity of C1INH (HAE-nC1INH) have recently been classified, which occur due to different gene mutations. C1INH plays an integral role in the kallikrein–kinin system, where a deficiency of functional C1INH results in overproduction of bradykinin leading to subcutaneous and submucosal edema. Plasma-derived C1INH (pdC1INH) replacement therapy for hereditary angioedema has been in use clinically for over 40 years and has been developed for both intravenous and subcutaneous administrations. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of the efficacy and safety of pdC1INH in clinical trials and real-world studies, and guideline recommendations for pdC1INH replacement therapy as a first-line treatment for on-demand therapy, short-term prophylaxis, and long-term prophylaxis in patients with HAE-C1INH Type 1 and 2, including special patient populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145767255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Efficacy of Very Low-Dose Multi-Nut Oral Immunotherapy in Children","authors":"Julia E. M. Upton,&nbsp;Carmen H. Li,&nbsp;Alireza Berenjy,&nbsp;Alana Galper,&nbsp;Xiaojun Yin,&nbsp;Alper Celik,&nbsp;Lucy Duan,&nbsp;Samantha Wong,&nbsp;Christina M. Ditlof,&nbsp;Kristen E. San Diego,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Hoang,&nbsp;Moshe Ben-shoshan,&nbsp;Akash Kothari,&nbsp;Lisa Hung,&nbsp;Mikhail Monteiro,&nbsp;Wut Hmone Phue,&nbsp;Theo J. Moraes,&nbsp;Thomas Eiwegger","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70125","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral immunotherapy (OIT) is a management strategy for food allergies, typically one at a time, with maintenance doses ≥ 300 mg protein. However, 30% of allergic children have multiple trigger foods, and large maintenance doses are associated with side effects. If efficacious, Very Low-Dose OIT (VLOIT) may enhance safety in multi-OIT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighteen children with allergies to 2–5 nuts (tree nuts, peanuts) were enrolled (NCT03799328). Oral food challenge (OFC)-confirmed allergies to their nut mix at ≤ 444 mg protein each nut followed by initiation of an open-label mix of 4 mg protein/nut with dose increases every 2 months up to a maintenance dose of 30 mg protein/nut. After 18 months, an exit-OFC assessed allergic threshold changes, with a maximum of 2040 mg protein/nut. Efficacy was evaluated using pre-post treatment and proportional analyses (Wilcoxon signed-ranks, two-tailed Fisher's test).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The median age at enrollment was 5.0 years (IQR 3.13–9.62). The baseline median tolerated dose was 10 mg protein/nut (IQR 3–100 mg). Three withdrew, one did not reach the target maintenance but was invited for the exit OFC, resulting in 15/18 eligible for exit OFC. The median tolerated dose at exit OFC was 1000 mg (IQR 300–1000 mg), with a significant difference from baseline (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Ten out of 15 participants tolerated the maximum dose (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). Intention-to-treat analysis showed that 14/18 children met pre-defined efficacy measures: tolerated 5X their baseline dose or ≥ 300 mg (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). No patients required epinephrine during treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>VLOIT led to a significant increase in the tolerated dose to multiple nuts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biopsychosocial Insights on Adolescents With Chronic Urticaria: The Role of Eosinophils and Stress Coping Strategies","authors":"Talat Sarikavak,&nbsp;Sibel Kaplan Sarikavak,&nbsp;Erkan Çakmak,&nbsp;Mehmet Halil Celiksoy","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) often lacks a clear etiology. While autoimmune and allergic factors can trigger it, stress and life events also play significant roles. As in other psychosomatic disorders, effective stress coping strategies are key to understanding and managing CSU. This study examined how stress coping strategies relate to biomarkers and disease severity in adolescents with CSU.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-five adolescents aged 12–18 years with CSU and 65 healthy controls were recruited. Both groups completed the Turkish-adapted Coping Strategies Scale. Sociodemographic data and relevant biological parameters were obtained from the CSU group at admission. Disease severity was assessed using the Urticaria Activity Score (UAS) and the Urticaria Control Test (UCT). Demographic data and coping scores were compared between the patient and control groups, with additional gender-based comparisons in the CSU group. Regression analysis determined how biological factors and coping strategies explained disease severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No significant differences were found in overall sociodemographic data or stress coping abilities between the patients and healthy groups. However, male CSU patients showed stronger coping skills than the healthy cohort (<i>p</i> = 0.004). Regression analysis revealed that female gender and higher eosinophil levels were linked to poorer control scores, indicating an interplay between biological factors and psychosocial processes (Std. Bs −0.335 (<i>p</i> = 0.016), −0.256 (<i>p</i> = 0.006)).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the need for a biopsychosocial approach in adolescents with CSU. Integrating stress management with targeted biological interventions may enhance treatment outcomes and long-term disease control.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145676657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial on the Efficacy and Safety of Eucalyptol, Limonene, and Pinene Enteric Capsules in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps Postoperatively","authors":"Yutong Sima,&nbsp;Jianfeng Liu,&nbsp;Jinfeng Liu,&nbsp;Gang Zheng,&nbsp;Yi Yang,&nbsp;Xiaolin Peng,&nbsp;Yan Qi,&nbsp;Xiaowei Wang,&nbsp;Yu Zhao,&nbsp;Yanjun Wang,&nbsp;Penglong Zhao,&nbsp;Jinming Zhao,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang,&nbsp;Ming Zheng,&nbsp;Chengyao Liu,&nbsp;Xiaohong Song,&nbsp;Yi Dong,&nbsp;Xia Gong,&nbsp;Wei Lv,&nbsp;Zhenlin Wang,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wang,&nbsp;Luo Zhang","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eucalyptol, limonene, and pinene enteric capsules (ELP) are typical mucoactive drugs used in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, reliable evidence regarding its efficacy in this population remains limited. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ELP, particularly on nasal ciliary function and inflammatory biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical study enrolled CRSwNP patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Participants were randomly assigned at a 1:2 ratio to the intranasal corticosteroid (INCS) group or the ELP + INCS group. Clinical outcomes were assessed over 12 weeks using sinus computed tomography, nasal endoscopy, saccharin tests (STs) and the 22-item sinonasal outcome tests (SNOT-22). Local inflammation in nasal secretions were quantified via a Luminex assay, and adverse effects (AEs) was monitored throughout the study period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 174 CRSwNP patients were included in the final analysis. Compared to the INCS group, the ELP + INCS group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in Lund-Mackay score (LMS) and Lund-Kennedy score (LKS) (<i>p</i> = 0.029 and 0.025, respectively). A higher proportion of patients in the ELP + INCS group also showed improvement in the runny nose score (weeks 8 and 12), cough score (week 4), and frustration score (week 8). Furthermore, STT was significantly shorter in the ELP + INCS group at week 4 (<i>p</i> = 0.015). Subgroup analysis revealed that the ELP + INCS group had significantly lower concentrations of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin (IL)-4, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and thrombopoietin (Tpo) compared to the INCS group. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of AEs between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The combination of ELP and INCS represents an effective and well-tolerated treatment strategy for patients with CRSwNP following endoscopic sinus surgery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn; registration number ChiCTR2200055224)</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12669804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145653971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Quality and Reliability of ChatGPT-4's Responses on Allergen Immunotherapy Using Validated Instruments for Health Information Quality Assessment","authors":"Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda,&nbsp;Torsten Zuberbier,&nbsp;Gabriela Rodas-Valero,&nbsp;Jorge Sanchez,&nbsp;Michael Rudenko,&nbsp;Stephanie Dramburg,&nbsp;Pascal Demoly,&nbsp;Davide Caimmi,&nbsp;René Maximiliano Gómez,&nbsp;German D. Ramon,&nbsp;Ghada E. Fouda,&nbsp;Kim R. Quimby,&nbsp;Herberto Chong-Neto,&nbsp;Oscar Calderon Llosa,&nbsp;Jose Ignacio Larco,&nbsp;Olga Patricia Monge Ortega,&nbsp;Marco Faytong-Haro,&nbsp;Oliver Pfaar,&nbsp;Jean Bousquet,&nbsp;Karla Robles-Velasco","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70130","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70130","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer 4 (ChatGPT-4) represents an advancing large language model (LLM) with potential applications in medical education and patient care. While Allergen Immunotherapy (AIT) can change the course of allergic diseases, it can also bring uncertainty to patients, who turn to readily available resources such as ChatGPT-4 to address these doubts. This study aimed to use validated tools to evaluate the information provided by ChatGPT-4 regarding AIT in terms of quality, reliability, and readability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In accordance with EAACI clinical guidelines about AIT, 24 questions were selected and introduced in ChatGPT-4. Independent reviewers evaluated ChatGPT-4 responses using three validated tools: the DISCERN instrument (quality), JAMA Benchmark criteria (reliability), and Flesch-Kincaid Readability Tests (readability). Descriptive statistics summarized findings across categories.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT-4 responses were generally rated as “fair quality” on DISCERN, with strengths in classification/formulations and special populations. Notably, the tool provided good-quality responses on the preventive effects of AIT in children and premedication to reduce adverse reactions. However, JAMA Benchmark scores consistently indicated “insufficient information” (median = 0–1), primarily due to absent authorship, attribution, disclosure, and currency. Readability analyses revealed a college graduate–level requirement, with most responses classified as “very difficult” to understand. Overall, ChatGPT-4 demonstrated fair quality, insufficient reliability, and difficult readability for patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT-4 provides generally well-structured responses on AIT but lacks reliability and readability for clinical or patient-directed use. Until specialized, reference-based models are developed, healthcare professionals should supervise its use, particularly in sensitive areas such as dosing and safety.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12665041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145630888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk Ladder Efficacy and Safety in IgE-Mediated Cow's Milk Allergy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Studies","authors":"Barbara Cuomo,&nbsp;Maria Carmen Verga,&nbsp;Enza D'Auria,&nbsp;Michele Miraglia Del Giudice,&nbsp;Caterina Anania,&nbsp;Fabio Decimo,&nbsp;Giuliana Giannì,&nbsp;Giovanni Cosimo Indirli,&nbsp;Enrica Manca,&nbsp;Filippo Mondì,&nbsp;Valentina Nosratian,&nbsp;Erica Pendezza,&nbsp;Marco Ugo Andrea Sartorio,&nbsp;Mauro Calvani","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Milk ladder (ML) is considered a potential therapeutic option for managing cow’s milk allergy (CMA). Although the ML was initially developed to reintroduce cow's milk into the diet for individuals with non-IgE mediated CMA, it has also recently been used in IgE-mediated CMA.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of the safety and efficacy of ML in children with IgE-mediated milk allergy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of controlled studies in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. ML safety and ML efficacy compared to a strict avoidance diet and oral immunotherapy in children with IgE mediated CMA was evaluated. Meta-analysis was performed where ≥ 3 studies reported data. Methodological quality and risk of bias were systematically assessed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six controlled studies (two randomized controlled trials and four observational controlled studies) met the inclusion criteria. ML resulted in the development of tolerance in 69% of participants (OR = 4.48; 95% CI = 2.51–8.00), with a significant improvement compared to the elimination diet. The meta-analysis of four studies showed that ML was 4.5 times more effective than a strict avoidance diet in inducing partial or total tolerance in ITT analysis and 8.4 times in PP analysis. Certainty of evidence was moderate, with low heterogeneity among studies. No significant difference in adverse events, severe systemic allergic reactions, and adrenaline use between the ML and avoidance diet groups were found. Only one study reported comparable efficacy between ML and oral immunotherapy with raw milk (OIT). No difference was found in the total number of mild to moderate adverse reactions between the groups (68.2% and 77.8, respectively; <i>p</i> = 0.44). The rates of epinephrine use at home were 14.3% and 11.8%, respectively, without significant difference between ML and OIT groups (<i>p</i> = 1).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ML represents a promising therapeutic approach for accelerating tolerance in children with IgE-mediated CMPA. Further research is needed to clarify milk ladder safety, as well as to identify predictive biomarkers for patient selection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atopic Multimorbidity in Adults With a Focus on Sensitization Patterns and T Cell Activation","authors":"Ariane Bialas,&nbsp;Marie Rabe,&nbsp;Niklas Artz,&nbsp;Andreas Boldt,&nbsp;Jan C. Simon,&nbsp;Regina Treudler,&nbsp;Benjamin Klein","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atopic diseases—including atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma (AA), and allergic rhinitis (AR)—are driven by Th2 inflammation and often occur together (atopic multimorbidity), along with non-atopic comorbidities. Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is an autoimmune mast cell-driven disease, but its relationship to classic atopic diseases remains unclear. This study investigated the association of CSU with classical atopic diseases as well as sensitization patterns and T cell activation in atopic multimorbidity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a prospective, single-center study involving 123 participants who completed structured questionnaires regarding physician-diagnosed AD, AA, AR, and/or CSU, as well as non-atopic comorbidities and a history of type I sensitizations. AD patients (<i>n</i> = 22, with or without AR/AA, but not CSU) and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 20) underwent additional immunophenotyping. Peripheral blood T cell subsets and T cell activation status were measured by flow cytometry and compared across groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals with atopic multimorbidity exhibited more frequent type I sensitizations, sleep disorders, and elevated serum IgE levels. CSU differed from classical atopic diseases regarding age of onset and duration and was therefore excluded from immunophenotyping. T cell subsets and activation in AD did not differ by presence of atopic multimorbidity but correlated with disease activity scores.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings highlight the burden associated with atopic multimorbidity, demonstrated by increased serum IgE and sensitization rates in individuals with multiple atopic diseases. Importantly, T cell activation appeared to be more closely related to AD disease activity rather than the presence of classic atopic comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the Gut-Lung Axis and Bronchial Asthma: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Potential","authors":"Ting Zheng,&nbsp;Yi Huang,&nbsp;Hongmei Yao","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bronchial asthma (hereafter referred to as asthma) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by chronic airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and reversible airflow limitation. Recent advancements in the “gut-lung” axis concept have elucidated the intricate immunometabolic crosstalk between the gastrointestinal tract and pulmonary system, offering novel insights into the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Exploring the research progress of the “gut-lung” axis in bronchial asthma, providing new insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article reviewed a large number of relevant studies, elucidating the role of the “gut-lung” axis in bronchial asthma, and further discussing the potential of the microbiota in the treatment of bronchial asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gut microbiota and their metabolites exert profound effects on pulmonary immune homeostasis through immune modulation, metabolic signaling, and neuroendocrine pathways, which are critically implicated in asthma pathogenesis. Conversely, systemic immune dysregulation in asthma may reciprocally induce intestinal barrier dysfunction. Asthma is a variable disease here. It may be that some of this variability relates to different diets or environmental/gut exposures although this needs to be confirmed in human studies. This review comprehensively delineates the mechanistic role of the gut-lung axis in asthma, encompassing microbiota-immune system interactions, regulatory effects of microbial-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids, and microbiota-targeted therapeutic approaches including probiotics, dietary interventions, and metabolite-based therapies. Furthermore, we also discuss the limitations and future development directions of current research to provide new ideas for precision treatment of asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Generative AI Large Language Models for Urticaria Management: A Comparative Analysis of DeepSeek-R1 and ChatGPT-4o","authors":"Mengyao Yang,&nbsp;Jingchen Liang,&nbsp;Luyue Zhang,&nbsp;Hongshan Liu,&nbsp;Ying Chen,&nbsp;Yawen Wang,&nbsp;Chunzhi Qi,&nbsp;Yuxin Ma,&nbsp;Ziyun Gao,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang,&nbsp;Xinwu Niu,&nbsp;Xiaopeng Wang,&nbsp;Jianwen Ren,&nbsp;Jingyi Yuan,&nbsp;Weihui Zeng,&nbsp;Zhao Wang","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Urticaria is a prevalent condition affecting a significant portion of the global population. Both dermatologists and patients require access to up-to-date and accurate information. Traditional search engines often fall short in meeting these needs. Despite the growing reliance on AI for medical inquiries, the accuracy and quality of AI-generated remain understudied. This study aims to evaluate and compare the performance of two widely used AI models, ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-R1, in addressing urticaria-related queries.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An e-Delphi procedure was employed to generate and refine a set of urticaria-related questions, as well as to develop an evaluation framework for AI-generated responses. ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-R1 were then prompted with the finalized questions, and their responses were recorded. A single-blind comparative assessment was conducted among 67 participants (29 dermatologists and 38 non-dermatologists). The responses from both AI models were assessed across simplicity, accuracy, professionalism, clinical feasibility, comprehensibility, and completeness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>DeepSeek-R1 outperformed ChatGPT-4o in most metrics. Dermatologists rated DeepSeek significantly higher in simplicity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), accuracy (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), completeness (<i>p</i> = 0.001), professionalism (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and clinical feasibility (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Non-dermatologists found DeepSeek's responses more concise (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and comprehensible (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Both models showed comparable integration of cutting-edge knowledge (<i>p</i> = 0.06), though DeepSeek exhibited greater output stability, as evidenced by lower standard deviations. When compared with the guidelines, the answers provided by DeepSeek-R1 contained no errors, while ChatGPT-4o made errors in three clinical questions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AI-generated answers require rigorous evaluation to ensure their reliability and suitability for medical applications. Based on the current study, DeepSeek-R1 outperforms ChatGPT-4o in addressing urticaria-related queries, demonstrating higher potential for both clinical and patient use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70113","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Effects of Biological Treatments on Eosinophils and Neutrophils in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyp Patients","authors":"Sharon Van Nevel,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Xu,&nbsp;Manon Blauwblomme,&nbsp;Elke Vandewalle,&nbsp;Gabriele Holtappels,&nbsp;Natalie De Ruyck,&nbsp;Filip Van Nieuwerburgh,&nbsp;Stijn Vanhee,&nbsp;Philippe Gevaert,&nbsp;Claus Bachert","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is generally characterized by tissue-infiltrating eosinophils. Various biologic treatments, targeting the inflammation, have demonstrated efficacy in reducing nasal polyp size and symptoms. However, their specific impact on granulocyte populations within polyps remains largely unclear. This study explores how different biological treatments modulate local nasal polyp inflammation by assessing changes in granulocyte presence and recruitment before and after treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Type 2-high CRSwNP patients received treatment with mepolizumab, benralizumab, omalizumab, or dupilumab. Immunohistochemistry and protein measurements were performed on their nasal polyp tissue. Bulk RNA-sequencing was conducted on pre- and post-treatment nasal samples, identifying differentially expressed genes. These results were integrated with single-cell data from CRSwNP patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nasal polyp tissue from type 2-high patients exhibited substantial eosinophil infiltration and limited neutrophils present. All tested biologics reduced eosinophil-related proteins and genes in nasal tissue. However, our data suggest that benralizumab, mepolizumab and omalizumab could induce a concurrent upregulation of neutrophilic markers. In these patients, chemoattractant genes for neutrophils primarily originated from the epithelial cell cluster, whereas receptors for these biologics were expressed by plasma cells, dendritic cells, and mast cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biological treatments effectively reduced eosinophilic inflammation in nasal polyps. However, most biologics could induce an eosinophil-to-neutrophil shift, indicating that solely targeting eosinophils may be insufficient as a treatment approach. Understanding these secondary effects on local immune pathways is critical for optimizing CRSwNP treatment strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145626653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}