Clinical and Translational Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Next Generation Sequencing of Genes With Epigenetic Alterations in Mastocytosis","authors":"Aleksandra Górska,&nbsp;Thierry van De Wetering,&nbsp;Marta Sobalska-Kwapis,&nbsp;Bogusław Nedoszytko,&nbsp;Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak,&nbsp;Marek Niedoszytko","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mastocytosis is a neoplastic disease of the bone marrow associated with the risk of frequent and severe allergic reactions. However, the genetic predisposition is not fully understood, and the crucial element in pathogenesis is the presence of the oncogenic KIT p. D816 V gene mutation. The epigenetic mechanism has also been suggested as playing a role in mastocytosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on our previous epigenetic studies, we have selected 110 candidate genes which were sequenced by next generation sequencing (NGS) to identify somatic mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study group consisted of 32 patients with mastocytosis (16 females and 16 males) plus 16 controls (8 females and 8 males). Whole peripheral blood was collected from all the subjects and genotyped by NGS on the Illumina platform (targeted sequencing).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analysed 4272 genetic variations in the pre-selected candidate genes and found five regions that showed a significant difference between the patient and control group. Two of them were found in the <i>TET2</i> gene located on chromosome 4 and the other three alterations were found in the genes <i>DNMT3A</i>, <i>SETD2</i> and <i>BRD4</i> located on chromosomes 2, 3 and 19, respectively. Two out of the five genetic variants have not been previously reported, despite the fact that all four genes have been described to be associated with mastocytosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results align with our previous findings, which determined <i>TET2</i>, <i>DNMT3A</i>, <i>SETD2</i> and <i>BRD4</i> genes as promising candidates for further analysis, warranting future study in a larger cohort of mastocytosis patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12486320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145198492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digital Monitoring of Symptoms and Lung Function During Birch Pollen Season in Pediatric Patients","authors":"Tiina Helena Tanninen,&nbsp;Paula Hannele Reiterä,&nbsp;Annika Saarto,&nbsp;Janne Burman,&nbsp;Anna Susanna Pelkonen,&nbsp;Mika Juhani Mäkelä","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mobile health (mHealth) applications for asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) may guide patients in following medication use, symptoms, and lung function supporting self-management.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary study objective was to investigate the objective effect of birch pollen on asthma and AR symptoms and medicine use in pediatric patients with varying levels of birch-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) during the 2022 birch pollen season using digital tools. The secondary objectives were to determine the effect of birch pollen on Asthma Control Test scores, and to record the subjective benefits in self-management while using the application.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Altogether, 48 pediatric participants were categorized into three groups based on their birch-specific IgE levels. Participants continued their existing asthma control therapy. For allergic rhinitis and conjunctivitis, antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) or a combination of INCS and intranasal antihistamines, and cromoglicates or local antihistamines were prescribed. The study involved daily asthma and allergic rhinitis symptom and medication reporting via the mHealth application (KAMU Health, Finland) combined with microspirometry during the birch pollen season in Helsinki, Finland.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patients preferred oral AR treatment. However, the low birch pollen levels may have contributed to moderate adherence to AR treatment. A low birch pollen load does not significantly impair lung function in young patients receiving anti-asthmatic treatment regularly. The majority of patients perceived this digital approach as beneficial, irrespective of their level of birch-specific sensitization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Digital tools support asthma and AR care by enabling disease monitoring, patient engagement, and provide real-world insights for clinicians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12479713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145191299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Diagnostic Accuracy in Respiratory Allergy: Monocentric Reevaluation of the GA2LEN Panel in Germany","authors":"Caroline Beutner,&nbsp;Christian Meyer,&nbsp;Moritz Maximilian Hollstein,&nbsp;Katharina Klara Hahn,&nbsp;Michael Peter Schön,&nbsp;Timo Buhl","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>European guidelines recommend using a standardized baseline series of skin prick test (SPT) allergens for the diagnosis of airway allergies. In addition, local adaptation and/or extension of test panels according to regional exposure and sensitization patterns are increasingly being discussed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regional sensitization rates according to SPTs based on the most recent GA²LEN baseline series in Central Germany were retrospectively analyzed for 960 consecutive patients with respiratory symptoms at our university outpatient clinic. Additional SPT allergens of interest were further analyzed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>High sensitization rates to the baseline SPT series were observed in our highly selected study cohort. The positivity rates were particularly high for olive pollen (30.8%) and plantain pollen (33.4%). Positive olive and birch pollen SPTs were found in 98.5% of olive-ash-birch pollen tested patients. High SPT positivity rates (98.1%) for plane tree and olive tree pollen were found, whereas only six patients (1.9%) were diagnosed with exclusive cypress pollen sensitization. Subgroup analysis of SPTs for palm tree pollen revealed that 92% of patients with palm tree positivity showed polysensitization, and all but one patient had concomitant grass pollen sensitization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Regular evaluations of SPT series may be necessary because of climate change, extract production, and increasing population mobility. Ash and cypress pollen extracts could currently be removed from the baseline SPT panel without significantly decreasing diagnostic accuracy. Positive SPTs to non-native palm tree pollen may indicate the presence of IgE to cross-reacting panallergens, which may help to differentiate primary sensitization from cross-reactivity directly. Limitations include the retrospective monocentric design and lack of molecular IgE confirmation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Genetic Variants in Patients With Cefaclor-Induced Anaphylaxis Using Human Leukocyte Antigen Typing and Whole-Exome Sequencing","authors":"Sung-Ryeol Kim,&nbsp;Da Eun Lee,&nbsp;Hyun Young Jung,&nbsp;In-Wha Kim,&nbsp;Hye-Ryun Kang,&nbsp;Kyung Hee Park,&nbsp;Jung-Won Park,&nbsp;Jung-Mi Oh,&nbsp;Jae-Hyun Lee","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cefaclor is a commonly prescribed β-lactam antibiotic and a known major cause of immediate-type drug hypersensitivity in Korea. However, its genetic risk factors remain poorly understood. We aimed to identify genetic variants associated with cefaclor-induced anaphylaxis and evaluate their potential clinical implications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Whole-exome sequencing and HLA genotyping were performed in 33 patients with cefaclor-induced anaphylaxis and 41 drug-tolerant controls. Associations were assessed using logistic regression. Selected variants were validated in an independent Korean population. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using association statistics from all variants to investigate relevant biological pathways.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A rare missense variant, rs765144578 in <i>TPSAB1</i> was strongly associated with anaphylaxis and remained significant in the validation control group. It was found in 90.91% of patients with hypotension, suggesting a link to reaction severity. Rs192498095 in HLA-DRB5 showed a significant association in the discovery cohort. However, it was not detected in the replication set, likely due to its rarity and polymorphic nature. Co-occurrence of rs765144578 in <i>TPSAB1</i> and rs192498095 in <i>HLA-DRB5</i> markedly increased risk. GSEA revealed significant enrichment of the TNF-α signaling via NF-κB pathway, reflecting pathway-level immune activation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genetic variants in <i>TPSAB1</i> and <i>HLA-DRB5</i> may contribute to the risk of cefaclor-induced anaphylaxis, and <i>TPSAB1</i> may also be associated with severity. These findings may support the development of future screening strategies or individualized risk prediction models in β-lactam allergy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145091199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reference Values and Determinants of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in a Representative Adult Population in Western Sweden","authors":"Reshed Abohalaka,&nbsp;Selin Ercan,&nbsp;Lauri Lehtimäki,&nbsp;Saliha Selin Özuygur Ermis,&nbsp;Daniil Lisik,&nbsp;Muwada Bashir Awad Bashir,&nbsp;Radhika Jadhav,&nbsp;Linda Ekerljung,&nbsp;Göran Wennergren,&nbsp;Jan Lötvall,&nbsp;Teet Pullerits,&nbsp;Helena Backman,&nbsp;Madeleine Rådinger,&nbsp;Bright I. Nwaru,&nbsp;Hannu Kankaanranta","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FE_NO) is used to differentiate asthma inflammatory phenotypes and guide its management. However, data on FE_NO reference values in a representative adult population is limited. We aim to derive reference values and determinants of FE_NO in a representative adult population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The West Sweden Asthma Study is a clinical-epidemiological population-representative study of randomly selected adults in Western Sweden. From this cohort, 943 subjects participated in comprehensive clinical investigations, including skin prick testing (SPT), specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) analysis, and FE_NO measurement. Clinical allergy was defined as co-occurrence of atopy (positivity to SPT or sIgE) and self-reported allergic symptoms to the same allergen family. FE_NO levels were analysed in relation to the presence or absence of clinical allergy, asthma, and other factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 95^th percentile of FE_NO ranged from 34 parts per billion (ppb) in those between 30 and 40 years old to 52 ppb in those ≤ 30 years old in the entire sample (<i>N</i> = 943), and from 26 to 37 ppb in those without clinical allergy, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (<i>n</i> = 587), depending on age. Sex, smoking, clinical allergy, atopy, asthma, and hypertension influenced FE_NO levels, meanwhile, age, asthma, clinical allergy, and reversibility-related variables were significant determinants of FE_NO levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 95^th percentile (upper normal limit) for FE_NO ranges from 34 to 52 ppb overall, and from 26 to 37 ppb in those without clinical allergy, asthma, or COPD, depending on age. These findings provide a guide for interpreting FE_NO in the general population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distinct Phenotypes of Peripheral Innate Lymphoid Cells and T Cells in Type 2 and Non-Type 2 Asthma","authors":"Maura M. Kere,&nbsp;Sophia Björkander,&nbsp;Simon Kebede Merid,&nbsp;Natalia Hernandez-Pacheco,&nbsp;Paul Maier,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Merritt,&nbsp;Anna Bergström,&nbsp;Inger Kull,&nbsp;Carsten O. Daub,&nbsp;Jenny Mjösberg,&nbsp;Christopher Andrew Tibbitt,&nbsp;Erik Melén","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Investigation of T cell and innate lymphoid cell (ILC) subsets in type 2 (T2) and non-type 2 (non-T2) asthma are needed to elucidate disease mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to identify ILC, CD4+, and CD8+ T cell populations in blood that differentiate between T2 and non-T2 features in subjects with and without asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study population included 86 young adults selected from the Swedish population-based BAMSE cohort. Asthma and non-asthma subjects with sensitization to inhalant allergens and/or blood eosinophil count ≥ 0.3 × 10⁹/L were classified into T2 groups. Non-T2 groups were defined by the absence of sensitization to inhalant allergens and blood eosinophil count &lt; 0.3 × 10⁹/L. PBMC samples underwent 18-parameter flow cytometry to identify ILC and CD4+ and CD8+ T cell populations. Logistic regression models were employed on normalized flow cytometry data after hierarchical clustering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A higher frequency of CD4+ CRTH2+ T memory cells was associated with T2 features independent of asthma status. The frequency of CD62L+ ILC2s was higher and CD4+ KLRG1+ central memory T cells was lower specifically in T2 asthma. Non-T2 asthma was associated with increased frequencies of CD45RO+ ILC2s and CD8+ memory T cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results suggest that T2 asthma and non-T2 asthma are characterized by distinct features related to ILC and T cell populations. Further investigation of particularly ILC and CD8+ T cell subsets in non-T2 asthma could offer a deeper understanding of underlying disease mechanisms for this endotype.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12444775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145079821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Sensitization Is Associated With Atopic Dermatitis Severity, Gut-Derived Metabolites and Leaky Gut in Adults","authors":"Leszek Blicharz,&nbsp;Emilia Samborowska,&nbsp;Radosław Zagożdżon,&nbsp;Joanna Czuwara,&nbsp;Michał Zych,&nbsp;Aleksander Roszczyk,&nbsp;Michał Zaremba,&nbsp;Michał Dadlez,&nbsp;Zbigniew Samochocki,&nbsp;Małgorzata Olszewska,&nbsp;Lidia Rudnicka","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70094","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gut microbiome dysbiosis may cause metabolic dysregulation and intestinal barrier impairment. The latter are hypothesized to provoke food allergy and aggravate cutaneous inflammation. Our objective was to determine the prevalence of food sensitization in adult patients with atopic dermatitis and relate it to the disease severity and the biomarkers of the gut-skin axis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>50 adult patients with atopic dermatitis and 25 controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Disease severity was determined by using SCORAD and EASI scores. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, Luminex, and Polycheck immunoassays were performed to detect serum concentrations of total IgE, food-specific IgEs, gut-derived metabolites, and leaky gut-related biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food sensitization was significantly more prevalent in patients with atopic dermatitis than in the controls. The severity of atopic dermatitis (EASI, SCORAD) was higher in patients with food sensitization and correlated with the number of positive food-specific IgEs. Higher concentrations of total IgE and higher numbers of positive food-specific IgEs were associated with lower concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and higher concentrations of indoxyl and leaky gut-related biomarkers (LBP, syndecan-4, IL-10, IL-22).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results suggest a relationship between food sensitization and the severity of atopic dermatitis. This could be partly associated with gut-derived metabolites and intestinal barrier impairment. Fiber-rich diet and restriction of protein could hold potential for upregulating short-chain fatty acids and downregulating indoxyl, which may translate to decreasing the likelihood of food sensitization in atopic dermatitis. Notably, the cross-sectional nature of this exploratory study limits the ability to draw causal inferences, which should be further examined in future prospective research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145085171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Air Pollution in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis, With a Focus on Oxidative Stress","authors":"Chen-Xi Liu,&nbsp;Li Li,&nbsp;Yue-Ping Zeng","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/clt2.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by intensely itchy eczematous lesions and dryness. Recent epidemiological studies have indicated a notable increase in the prevalence of AD in industrialized countries, suggesting that air pollution may significantly influence the onset and progression of AD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Body</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review primarily describes the mechanistic roles of major air pollutants in the pathogenesis of AD, focusing particularly on oxidative stress, skin barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Moreover, the potential of targeting these pathways to prevent and manage AD is discussed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Air pollution contributes to the pathogenesis of AD by inducing oxidative stress, skin barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation through pathways such as AhR and NF-κB. Mitigating its impact necessitates both personal protective measures and public health policies. Future research should investigate pollutant-climate interactions and develop novel therapies targeting these mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12437320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent Off-Season Dysregulation of Memory B Cell Subsets in Allergic Rhinitis","authors":"Maryam Jafari,&nbsp;Eric Hjalmarsson,&nbsp;Laila Hellkvist,&nbsp;Eirini Paziou,&nbsp;Agnetha Karlsson,&nbsp;Susanna Kumlien Georén,&nbsp;Lars-Olaf Cardell","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common allergic airway disease. Although B cells play essential roles in AR pathogenesis, their subset distribution outside the allergen exposure period remains poorly characterized.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To profile peripheral blood B cell subsets in AR patients during the pollen-free season and compare them with healthy controls (HC), aiming to identify persistent immunological alterations and potential biomarkers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from a total of 28 participants, 14 patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 14 healthy controls (HC) during the off-season. B cell subsets were identified using flow cytometry based on IgD and CD27 expression, classifying cells as naïve (IgD⁺CD27⁻), unswitched memory (IgD⁺CD27⁺), switched/conventional memory (IgD⁻CD27⁺), and unconventional memory B cells (IgD⁻CD27⁻). CD38 and CD24 were utilized to further distinguish transitional, naïve, memory, and plasma cell phenotypes. Immunoglobulin isotypes (IgG1-4, IgA1⁺/IgA2⁺) were assessed specifically within conventional memory B cells, while CD86 expression was evaluated on IgM⁺ memory-like and naïve B cells. Additionally, kappa (<i>κ</i>) and lambda (<i>λ</i>) light chain usage was analyzed to assess light chain distribution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AR patients displayed lower frequencies of IgG1⁺, IgG2⁺, and IgA1⁺/IgA2⁺ memory B cells, along with elevated frequencies of IgG4⁺ and κ⁺ B cells. Additionally, CD86⁺IgM⁺ memory-like B cells were significantly reduced in AR, suggesting altered activation dynamics. No significant differences were observed in CD24/CD38 profiling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Even outside allergen exposure, AR patients exhibit systemic B cell dysregulation, characterized by skewed class switching, altered subset distribution, and reduced activation markers expression. These findings underscore persistent immune imbalance in AR, identify potential off-season biomarkers of allergic inflammation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sputum Eosinophil and Macrophage Changes After Aspirin Challenge in Patients With Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug–Exacerbated Respiratory Disease","authors":"Gabriela Trąd-Wójcik,&nbsp;Piotr Szatkowski,&nbsp;Adam Ćmiel,&nbsp;Radosław Kacorzyk,&nbsp;Adam Stępień,&nbsp;Lucyna Mastalerz","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Induced sputum cell count is crucial for assessing airway inflammatory phenotypes. This study investigated how aspirin-induced bronchospasm affects sputum cell counts in patients with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD), comparing systemic versus local aspirin administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-eight patients with N-ERD and 39 with aspirin-tolerant asthma (ATA) participated. In the N-ERD group, induced sputum was collected before aspirin challenge and during aspirin-induced bronchospasm. We assessed changes in the percentages of eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages, and airway inflammatory phenotypes classified by sputum cells into: (A) eosinophilic, neutrophilic, paucigranulocytic, and mixed; and (B) eosinophilic and noneosinophilic.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline sputum neutrophil percentage was lower in the N-ERD than in the ATA (32.9% ± 20.8% vs. 41.6% ± 22.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.02). Inflammatory phenotypes at baseline differed between groups in both classifications (A: <i>p</i> = 0.041; B: <i>p</i> = 0.044). In the N-ERD group, sputum eosinophil percentage decreased after both oral (8.9% ± 11.6% vs. 6.1% ± 8.9%, <i>p</i> = 0.009) and inhaled (10.4% ± 16.1% vs. 4.8% ± 6.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.045) challenges, without altering inflammatory phenotypes. The ATA group showed no changes. Sputum macrophage percentage dropped after oral challenge in both groups (N-ERD: 40.5% ± 18.5% vs. 35.6% ± 21.5%; <i>p</i> = 0.004; ATA: 36.5% ± 23.6% vs. 26.7% ± 20.4%; <i>p</i> = 0.0003). In the N-ERD group, baseline sputum lymphocyte and eosinophil percentages were inversely correlated with the provocative dose of aspirin that resulted in a 20% decrease in baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s following oral aspirin challenge (<i>R</i> = −0.31, <i>p</i> = 0.02 and <i>R</i> = −0.33, <i>p</i> = 0.02, respectively).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In N-ERD, sputum eosinophil percentage decreased after aspirin challenge regardless of administration route. In both N-ERD and ATA, sputum macrophage percentage decreased after oral aspirin challenge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70079","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145021827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}