Clinical and Translational Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Comparing novel treatments in chronic spontaneous urticaria: A critical appraisal of Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors versus anti-cytokine biologics in clinical trials","authors":"Anastasia Diamanti, Chiara Tontini, Silvia Bulfone-Paus","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To the Editor,</p><p>We have been following recent clinical trials focusing on new therapies to treat Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU). While current treatments can manage the debilitating symptoms, a significant number of patients do not achieve symptom control with available medications, including anti-IgE treatment.<span><sup>1, 2</sup></span> New potential solutions to address this include Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, targeting downstream signaling of the Immunoglobulin E high-affinity receptor,<span><sup>3, 4</sup></span> and anti-cytokine biologics, targeting T2/alarmin-driven responses.<span><sup>5</sup></span> However, available literature provides limited comparisons between newer CSU treatments.</p><p>We critically appraised the efficacy and safety of six randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), three focusing on BTK inhibitors and three on cytokine blockers, to provide insights into the more promising therapeutic options for CSU. Using the Arksey and O'Malley's framework, we systematically reviewed relevant trials. Our search across Embase and Ovid identified 473 studies from April 2019 to May 2024. A secondary search on ClinicalTrials.gov yielded 123 trials, 15 focusing on BTK inhibitors and cytokine blockers. Based on the CONSORT checklist for methodological quality,<span><sup>6</sup></span> we selected trials scoring a minimum of 10 positive or partially met items out of 25. Six RCTs and two pharmaceutical releases (for trial NCT05107115, whose results were not published at the time of the search) were chosen (Figure 1A, Table 1).</p><p>Common inclusion criteria included CSU duration of at least 6 months and non-response to second-generation H1-antihistamines, while exclusion criteria included recent infections, other dermatological conditions, immunocompromised status, and major health conditions.</p><p>Selected studies were compared across three areas: (A) study characteristics and demographic information (e.g., number of participants, age, gender distribution, ethnic diversity, and dropout rates); (B) CSU outcome measures (e.g., Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days, UAS7); and (C) frequency of serious adverse events.</p><p>Data were normalized for the placebo effect, while statistical differences were as reported by the original authors. Studies NCT03137069 and NCT04180488 involved two cohorts with similar dosage protocols, respectively fenebrutinib 200 mg BID and dupilumab 300 mg SC Q2W. Combined <i>p</i> values were calculated using Fisher's combined probability test, and the survival function of the chi-squared distribution was computed using the <span>chi2.sf</span> function of the <span>scipy</span> Python library.<span><sup>7</sup></span> In studies with multiple dosages, we selected the most effective regimen, resulting in the most significant decrease of UAS7 scores from baseline to endpoint normalized to placebo (Normalized ΔUAS7 = [(UAS7<sub>End of study</sub> – UAS7<sub>Baseline</sub>)]<sub>Tre","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143717335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breath of relief: Transforming pediatric asthma care with telemedicine-guided exercises","authors":"Betul Gemici Karaaslan,&nbsp;Hikmet Ucgun,&nbsp;Meltem Kaya,&nbsp;Gokce Nuran Cengiz,&nbsp;Sueda Ozturk,&nbsp;Ozge Barut,&nbsp;Zeynep Korkut,&nbsp;Sezin Aydemir,&nbsp;Zeynep Meric,&nbsp;Birol Topcu,&nbsp;Hilal Denizoglu Kulli,&nbsp;Haluk Cokuğras,&nbsp;Ayca Kiykim","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Alternative non-pharmacological strategies such as breathing exercises can be used in combination with pharmacological treatments.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of this randomized, controlled, single-blind study was to investigate the effectiveness of breathing exercises in asthma patients on respiratory function, symptom control and quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled pediatric asthma patients who were eligible and motivated for the study and randomly assigned them to either the exercise group (EG) or the control group (CG). The CG received a postural exercise program, while the EG received a breathing exercise program. At baseline and after 12 weeks, respiratory function (FEV1-FVC-FEV1/FVC-PEF), symptom control (using asthma control test, asthma control questionnaire, global initiative for asthma symptom control assessment), quality of life (using pediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire), breath-holding test (BHT) and sit-to-stand test (30sSTS) were assessed and compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>One hundred twelve patients were randomized, and 99 (<i>n</i> = 51 EG, <i>n</i> = 48 CG) completed the 12-week study. Baseline data were also similar in both groups. After 12 weeks, FEV1, Peak expiratory flow (by spirometry and peak flow meter) and BHT were significantly better in EG than in CG (<i>p</i> = 0.01 and <i>p</i> = 0.007 and <i>p</i> = 0.005, respectively). Asthma Control Test and GINA symptom control tool values were also significantly better in both groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Discussion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our participants were children with mild to moderate asthma. We conclude that our results show that breathing exercises can be an effective intervention for children with partially controlled asthma with FEV1,PEF, and BHTs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eosinophils and COVID-19: Insights into immune complexity and vaccine safety","authors":"Wided Sahli,&nbsp;Joana Vitte,&nbsp;Benoit Desnues","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>COVID-19 exhibits a variety of symptoms and may lead to multi-organ failure and death. This clinical complexity is exacerbated by significant immune dysregulation affecting nearly all cells of the innate and adaptive immune system. Granulocytes, including eosinophils, are affected by SARS-CoV-2.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eosinophil responses remain poorly understood despite early recognition of eosinopenia as a hallmark feature of COVID-19 severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The heterogeneous nature of eosinophil responses categorizes them as dual-function cells with contradictory effects. Eosinophil activation can suppress virus-induced inflammation by releasing type 2 cytokines like IL-13 and granular proteins with antiviral action such as eosinophil-derived neurotoxins and eosinophil cationic protein, and also by acting as antigen-presenting cells. In contrast, eosinophil accumulation in the lungs can induce tissue damage triggered by cytokines or hormones like IFN-γ and leptin. Additionally, they can affect adaptive immune functions by interacting with T cells through direct formation of membrane complexes or soluble mediator action. Individuals with allergic disorders who have elevated levels of eosinophils in tissues and blood, such as asthma, do not appear to be at an increased risk of developing severe COVID-19 following SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine appears to be associated with complications and eosinophilic infiltrate-induced immunopathogenicity, which can be mitigated by corticosteroid, anti-histamines and anti-IL-5 therapy and avoided by modifying adjuvants or excipients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review highlights the importance of eosinophils in COVID-19 and contributes to a better understanding of their role during natural infection and vaccination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered diversity and composition of gut microbiota in Korean children with food allergy","authors":"Minyoung Jung,&nbsp;Ji Young Lee,&nbsp;Sukyung Kim,&nbsp;Jeongmin Song,&nbsp;Sehun Jang,&nbsp;Sanghee Shin,&nbsp;Min Hee Lee,&nbsp;Mi Jin Kim,&nbsp;Jiwon Kim,&nbsp;Han Byul Lee,&nbsp;Yeonghee Kim,&nbsp;Kangmo Ahn,&nbsp;Minji Kim,&nbsp;Jihyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the gut microbiome and identify individual and grouped gut microbes associated with food allergy (FA) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fecal samples were collected from children with IgE-mediated FA and from sex- and age-matched controls. The V3–V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene of the gut microbiome were profiled using next-generation sequencing (Illumina, USA). Bacterial species richness, intracommunity diversity, and intergroup dissimilarity were evaluated. Functional profiles were predicted using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) and the Minimal Set of Pathways (MinPath) algorithm.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fecal samples were collected from children with IgE-mediated FA (<i>n</i> = 66) and from sex- and age-matched controls (<i>n</i> = 22). Gut microbiome richness (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), intra-community diversity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and inter-community diversity (<i>p</i> = 0.0004) were higher in the healthy group than in the FA group. Patients with FA were enriched in <i>Blautia</i>, <i>Fusicatenibacter</i>, and <i>Ruminococcus_g5</i> compared with healthy control individuals (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Healthy control individuals were significantly enriched in <i>Oscillibacter</i> and <i>Ruminococcus</i> compared with patients with FA (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Functional pathway analysis identified enrichment in pathways related to endoglucanase in healthy controls and the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transport system in FA patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gut microbiomes of patients with FA and healthy control individuals had different taxonomic abundances, and the microbiome richness and diversity of the bacterial flora of patients with FA were reduced compared with controls.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicutaneous immunotherapy for food allergy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Péter Csonka,&nbsp;Bohee Lee,&nbsp;Ilari Kuitunen","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70045","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Food allergies pose a global healthcare challenge, underscoring the need for effective interventions. This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of epicutaneous immunotherapy (EPIT) for food allergen desensitisation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic review of randomised controlled trials by searching Ovid EMBASE, PubMed and Scopus in April 2024. Using a random-effects meta-analysis, we evaluated the clinical effectiveness and harms of EPIT, reporting results as risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>After screening 460 abstracts and 35 full reports, 11 were included: nine on peanuts and two on cow's milk (CM). Peanut EPIT had a 51.2% treatment response versus 22.4% for placebo (RR 2.16, CI 1.49–3.12; four studies; moderate certainty). The RR for milk EPIT response rate was 1.78 (CI 1.06–3.00; one study). Five peanut studies (1396 patients) reported EPIT-related adverse events (RR 1.39, CI 0.94–2.05; low certainty).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EPIT offers a moderate treatment response with a favourable safety profile and significant improvements in quality of life. Current knowledge of EPIT remains limited, with evidence confined to peanut and CM allergies. There is a lack of research on sustained unresponsiveness achieved through food EPIT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex disparity in adult asthma—A potential immunomodulatory role of let-7 family microRNAs","authors":"Carina Malmhäll,&nbsp;Jenny Calvén,&nbsp;Julie Weidner,&nbsp;Kristina Johansson,&nbsp;Patricia Ramos-Ramírez,&nbsp;Emma Boberg,&nbsp;Linda Ekerljung,&nbsp;Roxana Mincheva,&nbsp;Bright Nwaru,&nbsp;Hannu Kankaanranta,&nbsp;Henric Olsson,&nbsp;Christopher McCrae,&nbsp;Madeleine Rådinger","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sex differences have been reported in the incidence, prevalence and severity of asthma. Previous findings from animal models have revealed sex-related differences in inflammatory pathways that may contribute to asthma pathogenesis, but human studies are limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Airway and blood samples (<i>n</i> = 55 and <i>n</i> = 85 respectively) were collected from adult females and males with asthma and healthy subjects. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), T helper (Th)2 cells and their expression of IL-33R/ST2 (ST2L) were evaluated by flow cytometry. IL-13, thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), IL-33 and soluble IL-33R/ST2 (sST2) were measured by ELISA. Let-7 miRNA expression in bronchial biopsies was determined by qPCR.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Females with asthma reported more exacerbations and had a higher number of airway eosinophils compared with males with asthma. Bronchial biopsy expression of Let-7f, Let-7g and miR-98 tended to be higher in males with asthma compared with females and inversely correlated with asthma exacerbations. In contrast, increased levels of IL-13, TSLP and sST2 were found in females with asthma compared with males.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our study demonstrates different inflammatory signatures between males and females with asthma. Let-7 miRNAs act as immune modulators by inhibiting the production of IL-13 and may be an important factor explaining the sex disparity seen in asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143521889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CCL2/C–C chemokine receptor type 2-mediated interactions among mast cells, basophils, and endothelial cells","authors":"Maruša Rihar,&nbsp;Rajia Bahri,&nbsp;Vida Forstnerič,&nbsp;Silvia Bulfone-Paus,&nbsp;Peter Korošec","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IL-33 is involved in allergic processes by promoting the release of various mast cell (MC) chemokines, including CCL2. However, it is yet unclear which specific cell type is primarily responsible for producing CCL2 during acute allergic reactions. This study aims to investigate the role of IL-33 in promoting CCL2 production in mast cells and assess the effect of MC-derived CCL2 on basophil migration and endothelial permeability.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Human blood-derived MCs (hMCs) were generated from peripheral blood precursors, passively sensitized with IgE, treated with IL-33, and stimulated with anti-IgE. The concentrations of nine cytokines known to influence immune cell chemotaxis (CCL2, CCL5, CCL11, MIP-1α, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were assessed in the supernatants of hMCs. Subsequently, we investigated the impact of MC-derived CCL2 on basophil migration in vitro, as well as its effect on endothelial monolayer permeability using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stimulation with anti-IgE induced a significant release of CCL2, GM-CSF, IL-8 and VEGF from hMCs. Additionally, incubation with IL-33 overnight increased the production of several cytokines. Mast cell-derived CCL2 not only enhanced basophil migration in vitro but also increased endothelial monolayer permeability in HUVECs. The effect was reversed by a C–C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) antagonist, indicating the involvement of CCL2 signaling through the CCR2 receptor.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>IL-33 induces the production of chemotactic cytokines in hMCs. Mast cell-derived CCL2 plays an important role in basophil chemotaxis in vitro and affects endothelial monolayer permeability in the HUVEC model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeroallergen sensitivity patterns in Gulf countries: A systematic review","authors":"Tahira Khurram,&nbsp;Ghalia Missous,&nbsp;Nicholas van Panhuys,&nbsp;Mohammed Yousuf Karim","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70033","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Successful management of allergic diseases necessitates accurate diagnosis, implementation of appropriate allergen avoidance techniques, and medical therapies. However, data availability regarding aeroallergens in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic review of studies conducted in Gulf countries on individuals diagnosed with or tested for aeroallergen sensitivities, focusing on prevalence and respiratory health impacts. The search strategy followed the PRISMA guidelines and was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception to November 12, 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 27 studies, both adult and pediatric, were included in this systematic review. Aeroallergen sensitization was assessed using skin prick testing (SPT) in 15 studies; 5 used in vitro methods, 2 employed both, 4 relied on self-reports, and 1 on aerobiological monitoring. Sensitization rates varied considerably, influenced by factors such as age, demographics, and location. Sensitization was noted to allergens shared with Western populations, and to those native to the region for example, house dust mite sensitization ranged from 15% to 78%, Salsola from 13% to 78%. Up to 65.1% of allergen-positive individuals demonstrated polysensitization. Sensitization patterns differed between indigenous populations and expatriates, with local allergens being more prevalent among natives. Sensitization rates were lower in younger children but increased with age.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our systematic review highlights the crucial importance of providing allergen-sensitivity information that is specifically tailored to the local environment. This tailored approach can improve clinical diagnosis, enable appropriate allergen avoidance and immunotherapy strategies, and result in potential cost savings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of repeated drug desensitisation on quality of life in drug hypersensitivity","authors":"Begum Gorgulu Akin,&nbsp;Secil Kepil Ozdemir,&nbsp;Beyza Doganay Erdogan,&nbsp;Asli Gelincik,&nbsp;Ozlem Goksel,&nbsp;Adile Berna Dursun,&nbsp;Sacide Rana Isık,&nbsp;Semra Demir,&nbsp;Hatice Serpil Akten,&nbsp;Sevim Bavbek","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Measurement of disease-specific quality of life (QOL) is crucial in evaluating the effects of disease and response to treatment. Patients' efforts to avoid the responsible medication can have a negative impact on the QOL of patients with drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs). The Drug Hypersensitivity QOL Questionnaire (DrHy-Q) is the only specific tool measuring disease specific QOL in patients with DHRs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the effect of repeated drug desensitisation on disease-specific QOL using the Turkish version of DrHy-Q in a prospective multicentre study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients scheduled to undergo repeated desensitisations with the same drug were included in the study. Baseline DrHy-Q scores were recorded for each patient prior to the commencement of the desensitisation procedure. DrHy-Q scores were then calculated following each desensitisation procedure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study included 111 patients with two or more desensitisations (age mean ± SD, years: 53.87 ± 11.36, F/M:94/17). The drugs most implicated in DHRs were chemotherapeutics (91 of 111 patients, 82%) followed by biologicals (16 of 111 patients, 14.4%). Before the desensitisation process, the median (min–max) pre-DrHy-Q score was 39 (16–74). The median (min–max) DrHy-Q scores after the first three desensitisation were 35 (19–69), 34 (15–68) and 35 (15–64), respectively. There was a statistically significant improvement in DrHy-Q scores after the first three desensitisation in comparison with baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The health-related disease-specific QOL of patients with hypersensitivity to drugs significantly improved after the first three, but not after subsequent drug desensitisations, as compared to baseline.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicle as biomarkers in NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease","authors":"Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar","doi":"10.1002/clt2.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/clt2.70028","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;We found the recent Allergy article titled “Extracellular vesicle miRNAs drive aberrant macrophage responses in NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease” fascinating. We commend the authors for their exciting research into the role of extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs in mediating aberrant macrophage responses in NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD).&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; The authors evaluated EVs from sputum and conditioned medium of the nasal polyp or turbinate tissues from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), N-ERD, and healthy controls.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Small RNA sequencing revealed intriguing and contrasting miRNA profiles in sputum EVs from N-ERD patients compared to previous reports on BAL fluid EVs from asthmatics,&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and nasal tissue from CRSwNP patients.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Specifically, let-7 family miRNAs were upregulated while miR-155 was downregulated in N-ERD sputum EVs.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; These distinct miRNA signatures suggest the source of EVs dictates the enrichment of miRNAs in healthy versus N-ERD samples. Additionally, in vitro experiments supported a role for let-7 family miRNAs in promoting M2 macrophage polarization, which limits cytokine responses triggered by EVs in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM). This implicates aberrant EV miRNA profiles contributing to N-ERD pathogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The results obtained from small RNA sequencing analysis are interesting, but the authors have not verified their findings through alternative methods or a replication cohort of samples. They have not provided sufficient details about the total EV concentration and EV protein abundance across the three groups (healthy, CRSwNP, and N-ERD) and the sample types analyzed (sputum vs. turbinate tissue/nasal polyp tissue). It is also unclear whether the EV miRNAs identified match previous findings in similar sample types from asthma and IPF.&lt;span&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4, 5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/span&gt; Moreover, the use of pooled samples and a relatively small sample size for the RNA-sequencing and interpretation is surprising. To support the RNA-seq data presented here, direct validation of the miRNA signature and associated mRNA targets in the N-ERD groups is necessary. We have pointed out the strengths and weaknesses of this study below. Overall, we advise caution in interpreting these findings until they are validated in a larger sample cohort by the authors and readers.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study sheds light on the pathogenesis of N-ERD, which is a severe form of asthma. The study analyzed the RNA-seq data from MDM treated with sputum EVs from healthy, CRSwNP, and N-ERD patients, as well as small RNA-seq of sputum and tissue culture supernatant EVs from healthy turbinate or nasal polyp tissue (N-ERD). Although the authors performed a comprehensive analysis of EV miRNA profiling and in vitro experiments using MDM, the identified EV-specific miRNAs (upregulated miR-125a and let-7 family) enriched in N-ERD sp","PeriodicalId":10334,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Translational Allergy","volume":"15 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/clt2.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143404463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}