The Role of Air Pollution in the Pathogenesis of Atopic Dermatitis, With a Focus on Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Background

Atopic Dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by intensely itchy eczematous lesions and dryness. Recent epidemiological studies have indicated a notable increase in the prevalence of AD in industrialized countries, suggesting that air pollution may significantly influence the onset and progression of AD.

Body

This review primarily describes the mechanistic roles of major air pollutants in the pathogenesis of AD, focusing particularly on oxidative stress, skin barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Moreover, the potential of targeting these pathways to prevent and manage AD is discussed.

Conclusion

Air pollution contributes to the pathogenesis of AD by inducing oxidative stress, skin barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation through pathways such as AhR and NF-κB. Mitigating its impact necessitates both personal protective measures and public health policies. Future research should investigate pollutant-climate interactions and develop novel therapies targeting these mechanisms.