RSC Advances最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic effects of bio-stimulant and nutrient application on growth, yield, and grain quality of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) grown under rain-fed environment","authors":"Muhammad Awais Bashir Khan, Abdul Ghafoor, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal, Muhammad Munir, Babiker M. A. Abdel-Banat, Hassan Ali-Dinar and Hasnain Waheed","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01037G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01037G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Improving chickpea productivity under rain-fed environment requires nutrient management strategies that enhance growth, yield stability, and grain quality. A two-year field study (2019–20 and 2020–21) evaluated the effectiveness of integrated application of bio-stimulant (Actibion), macro (NPK) and micro (Zn and B) nutrients on chickpea under rain-fed environment. Foliar spray of Actibion @ 1250 mL ha<small>⁻¹</small>, NPK (16 : 18 : 18) @ 3%, and B @ 0.2% + Zn @ 0.3% solution were applied independently or in combination at flower initiation stage in comparison to control (no spray) and water spray. In both studied years, foliar application of Actibion, macro and micro-nutrients either applied individually or in combination significantly enhanced growth, yield and quality of chickpea. However, the integrated application of Actibion @ 1250 mL ha<small>⁻¹</small>, NPK (16 : 18 : 18) @ 3%, and B @ 0.2% + Zn @ 0.3% solution had a more pronounced impact than all tested treatments, enhanced the average plant height (55.75%) nodulation (49.87%), crop growth rate (49.17%), seed yield (54.52%) as compared to control during both years of study. Nutrient content analysis showed that highest nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, boron and protein contents were observed under integrated application. This treatment also yielded the highest net income, demonstrating both agronomic and financial benefits than rest of the treatments. In light of these results, we recommend the integrated application of Actibion @ 1250 mL ha<small>⁻¹</small>, NPK (16 : 18 : 18) @ 3%, and B @ 0.2% + Zn @ 0.3% solution, as an effective strategy for improving productivity and nutritional quality of chickpea under rain-fed environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 24066-24079"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01037g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste-to-worth: nano activated carbon from fruit peels for sulfur-free sugarcane juice clarification","authors":"Ramesh Duraisamy, Wabi Regasa Bogale and Gada Muleta Fanta","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01408A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01408A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The sugar industry faces significant challenges in achieving high purity and maximizing yield during production, particularly in the crucial clarification stage. Effective clarifying agents are essential for this process. Activated carbon has emerged as a highly suitable adsorbent for removing impurities from sugarcane juice, due to its strong adsorption capacity. This study focuses on preparing nano activated carbon (NAC) derived from mixed fruit peels for clarifying sugarcane juice. Using Design-Expert software, we optimized the experimental parameters for NAC production, determining the optimal conditions: carbonization at 410 °C for 100 min with an acid impregnation ratio of 1. Under these conditions, the resulting NAC achieved a yield of 74.86%, a fixed carbon content of 89.25 ± 0.38%, and a specific surface area of 650.87 ± 0.26 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small>. Characterization by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the NAC had an average particle size of 24.46 nm, with a predominant particle size distribution between 20 and 30 nm. The optimization of NAC for cane juice clarification yielded impressive results under optimal conditions: a NAC dose of 0.01%, pH of 4, temperature of 90 °C, duration of 20 min, and agitation speed of 100 rpm, resulting in a turbidity reduction to 1760.6 NTU, a settling rate of 0.09 cm min<small>⁻¹</small>, a mud volume of 6.66 mL per 100 mL, and a color removal efficiency of 97.4%. Additionally, we examined the physicochemical properties of the NAC, the juice posttreatment, and the final sugar product. The findings demonstrate that NAC synthesized from mixed fruit peels exhibits a high carbon yield and a high specific surface area, highlighting its potential as an effective biosorption material. The synthesized NAC demonstrated excellent clarification efficiency, making it an advantageous clarifying agent for sugarcane juice processing and sulfur-free sugar production. This research has significant implications for waste management, particularly in reducing landfill pollution, while also contributing to the development of value-added products that enhance bioresource management.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 27","pages":" 24325-24355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01408a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption of malachite green from aqueous solutions using a novel SnO2/PANI-Co-PPy nanocomposite","authors":"Gourang Damle, Alok Tiwari, Shivendu Saxena, Vishal Sandhwar, Diksha Saxena, Vishal Mishra and Dipak Jadhav","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01276K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01276K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Water pollution from dye-containing industrial effluents poses significant environmental and health threats, particularly due to persistent cationic dyes like malachite green (MG). The present work demonstrates a novel modification of a green process for synthesizing tin oxide (SnO<small>₂</small>) by copolymerising polyaniline (PANI) and polypyrrole (PPy) <em>via in situ</em> polymerisation for the removal of MG dye from aqueous solutions. The SnO<small>₂</small>/PANI-Co-PPy nanocomposite was analyzed analytically using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analyses. The result showed that the uniform layering of PANI and PPy on the SnO<small>₂</small> surface enables tight bonding between the polymers and SnO<small>₂</small>. Several factors influence the adsorption of MG dye from synthetic simulated wastewater by SnO<small>₂</small>/PANI-Co-PPy, including adsorbent dose (5 to 20 mg), time (15 to 60 minutes), pH (4 to 11), and temperature (303 to 343 K). The surface area available for the adsorption was 20 m<small>²</small> g<small>⁻¹</small> with a pore size of 13.09 nm, showing maximum adsorption capacity (<em>Q</em><small>_m</small>) of 1250 mg g<small>⁻¹</small> and 97.06% removal at an optimized dose of 12.5 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>, pH 9 and initial MG concentration of 50 mg L<small>⁻¹</small> in 30 minutes. The kinetic study of the SnO<small>₂</small>/PANI-Co-PPy nanocomposite showed the suitability of the second-order kinetic model, achieving equilibrium in 30 minutes at an initial concentration of 50 mg L<small>⁻¹</small>. For the composite, Δ<em>S</em> was &gt;0 (high randomness at the solid–liquid interface) along with exothermic characteristics (Δ<em>H</em> &lt; 0). Overall, SnO<small>₂</small>/PANI-Co-PPy was an effective adsorbing material with high removal efficiency for treating wastewater contaminated with MG dye.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 27","pages":" 24356-24369"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01276k?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shelf life and time-resolved thermal, chemical, and thermodynamic characterization of four hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents","authors":"Adewale Ajose, Gary A. Leeke, Pritha Sen, Preeti Singh, Pratik Kokane, Syed Altaf and Matthew J. Keith","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01239F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01239F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) are increasingly recognized as green alternatives to traditional organic solvents in extraction, catalysis, and polymer processing; however, their long-term stability remains poorly understood. This study investigated the critical gap in systematically characterizing the effects of long-term storage on four thymol-and tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB)-based HDESs with decanoic (C10) and dodecanoic (C12) over 20 weeks of storage. Weekly comprehensive measurements and characterization techniques were used to monitor changes in both bulk properties and molecular structures. Thermal stability was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which consistently showed onset decomposition temperatures between 136 °C and 205 °C across all four solvents, with a variation of ±2.77 °C over the 20-week storage period. TOAB- based systems exhibited superior thermal stability, likely due to ionic hydrogen bond networks. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that molar excess Gibbs free energy values satisfied the non-ideality criterion <img>, and activity coefficients remained well below unity throughout the study, confirming strong intermolecular interactions and eutectic integrity. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra showed consistent features with no signs of chemical degradation or moisture-induced structural changes. The C12-based systems undergo reversible room temperature crystallisation attributed to segregation of a fatty-acid-rich solid phase; this microphase separation modifies processability but not the underlying eutectic chemistry. Density (0.88–0.95 g cm<small>⁻³</small>), viscosity (18–85 mPa s @ 25 °C), and apparent pH remain within the acidic range expected for carboxylic acid-based HDESs, with observed fluctuations attributed mainly to the known limitations of glass electrodes in low conductivity media rather than genuine chemical change. These findings demonstrate that TOAB- and thymol-based HDESs are thermally and chemically stable during the storage period. This research contributes to an important knowledge gap in green solvent technology and supports their further development from laboratory research to industrial applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 23754-23769"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01239f?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring lead-free A2AgRhF6 fluoride double perovskites for photovoltaic applications: a first-principles and device simulation study","authors":"Imtiaz Ahamed Apon, Rifat Rafiu, Md. Sakib Hasan, Md. Azizur Rahman, Syeda Sayema Sumaia, Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Moamen S. Refat, Mohamed Benghanem, S. AlFaify and Noureddine Elboughdiri","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01913G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01913G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lead-free fluoride double perovskites have emerged as promising candidates for stable and environmentally benign optoelectronic applications. In this work, a comprehensive first-principles and device-level investigation of A<small>₂</small>AgRhF<small>₆</small> (A = K, Rb, Cs) double perovskites is performed using density functional theory (DFT) within the CASTEP framework, combined with SCAPS-1D solar cell simulations. Structural optimization confirms cubic phase stability with a systematic lattice expansion from K to Cs, while negative formation energies verify thermodynamic stability. Electronic structure analysis reveals direct band gap semiconducting behavior, with band gaps decreasing along the series due to enhanced lattice expansion and modified d–p hybridization. Effective mass calculations indicate improved electron transport with increasing A-site ionic radius, whereas hole transport remains nearly composition-independent. Optical investigations demonstrate strong ultraviolet absorption, moderate visible-light activity, high dielectric response, and pronounced plasmonic features, highlighting their suitability for UV optoelectronic and photonic applications. Charge density and population analyses reveal dominant ionic character of A-site cations and strong covalent Rh–F/Ag–F interactions, confirming that the electronic structure is primarily governed by the AgRhF<small>₆</small> octahedral framework. Mechanical stability is verified through elastic constants satisfying Born criteria, while anisotropy analysis demonstrates moderate directional dependence of elastic behavior. <em>Ab initio</em> molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations further confirm thermal stability at elevated temperatures, validating structural robustness under operating conditions. Device simulations under AM1.5G illumination demonstrate promising photovoltaic performance with optimized absorber thickness and doping concentration, where Cs<small>₂</small>AgRhF<small>₆</small> exhibits the highest power conversion efficiency among experimentally feasible compositions. This combined DFT-device-level study establishes a direct correlation between intrinsic bonding, mechanical stability, thermal robustness, and photovoltaic performance, positioning A<small>₂</small>AgRhF<small>₆</small> double perovskites as promising candidates for stable lead-free solar energy conversion and advanced optoelectronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 24021-24039"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01913g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mutation of active site glutamate in serine hydroxymethyltransferase allows trapping a reactive intermediate: a combined neutron and X-ray crystallography study","authors":"Victoria N. Drago, Robert S. Phillips and Andrey Kovalevsky","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01814A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01814A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) is a pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP) dependent enzyme that catalyzes a chemical transformation essential for the one-carbon (1C) metabolism. SHMT reversibly converts <small>L</small>-Ser into Gly and transfers a 1C unit to tetrahydrofolate (THF) to give 5,10-methylene-THF (5,10-MTHF). 5,10-MTHF, a 1C-unit donor, plays a crucial role in the downstream biomolecular syntheses required for the cell homeostasis and proliferation. SHMT is a prominent target for the drug discovery to battle bacterial and parasitic infections, and to treat various types of cancer. SHMT-catalyzed chemistry is governed by the general acid-base catalysis. Knowledge of the catalytic mechanism can aid drug design but can only be achieved when the atomic details of each reaction step are mapped, including accurate determination of hydrogen atom positions. Here we utilized the inactive E53Q mutant of <em>Thermus thermophilus</em> (<em>Tth</em>) SHMT to directly determine protonation states with room-temperature neutron crystallography and to capture a reactive intermediate containing the PLP-<small>L</small>-Ser external aldimine and THF in the enzyme active site. We observed protonation of the Schiff base nitrogen (N<small>_SB</small>) in the PLP internal aldimine but no change in the protonation states of other ionizable PLP groups and active site residues compared to wild-type <em>Tth</em>SHMT. X-ray structural analysis of the ternary intermediate complex E53Q-Ser-THF that eluded previous structural characterization shows the strategic positioning of the E53Q side chain in close proximity to the external aldimine and THF and reinforces the proposed role for E53 as the driver of proton transfer events along the reaction pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 22600-22609"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01814a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A low-cost liquid crystal display (LCD)-printed microfluidic device: fabrication and application in the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in petroleum refinery sludge","authors":"Amlan Ashish, Ankita Debnath, Poulomi Biswas, Ramkrishna Sen and Gorachand Dutta","doi":"10.1039/D5RA06174A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA06174A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Liquid crystal display (LCD) printing is evolving into a ground-breaking technique in the biological domain, demonstrating the benefits of fabricating low-cost, high-resolution, complex geometry in bulk compared to the time-consuming and labour-intensive lithography techniques. However, the exploration of 3D-printed microfluidic devices for bioremediation and biofilm formation remains underrepresented in the current literature. This article describes the validation of a cost-effective LCD-printed microfluidic device that was employed as a biofilm-assisted carrier for the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons in refinery sludge. Our technology surpasses current bioremediation approaches by providing a degrading surface that differs from standard methods relying solely on particulate carriers. A novel microbial consortium comprising four hydrocarbon-degrading strains (<em>Dietzia</em> sp. <em>IRB191</em>, <em>Dietzia</em> sp. <em>IRB192</em>, <em>Staphylococcus</em> sp. <em>BSM19</em>, and <em>Stenotrophomonas</em> sp. <em>IRB19</em>), isolated from refinery sludge, was enforced to form a biofilm on the microchannel's surface. The microfluidic device was fabricated by optimizing the printing layer height, curing timelight intensity and post-processing techniques. Micro-CT scanning was performed to analyse the deviation in the overall dimensions of the microchannels. Microscopy suggested an increase in extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) accumulation and roughness value with the increase in incubation time. The roughness value increased from 93 nm to 162 nm after a duration of 15 days. The microfluidic device exhibited a tensile strength of 18.57 MPa, which shows the structural stability of the fabricated device. Approximately 82% ± 6% of total hydrocarbons from the petroleum refinery waste were degraded during a period of 15 days, as confirmed by gravimetric analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 25","pages":" 23044-23057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d5ra06174a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-cobalt anchored on chitosan-derived N-doped porous carbon: an efficient catalyst for α-alkylation of ketones with alcohols via borrowing hydrogen","authors":"Zegang Zhang, Dongbin Mo, Youjuan Tan, Xueqin Chang, Lin Chen and Xianglin Pei","doi":"10.1039/D6RA01776B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA01776B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >To address the challenges in developing green and efficient heterogeneous catalysis for the α-alkylation of ketones <em>via</em> the borrowing hydrogen strategy, a novel supported cobalt nanoparticle (QNCM@Co) catalyst was rationally designed and prepared. This catalyst features nano-cobalt anchored on N-doped porous carbon microspheres derived from quinoline-8-carboxaldehyde-modified chitosan microspheres. Structural characterization results indicated that the carrier possesses abundant nanopores and N/O functional groups, enabling effective anchoring and uniform dispersion of nano-cobalt particles. Moreover, the Co–N/O coordination structure at the nanoscale surface modulates the electronic structure of the active sites. QNCM@Co exhibited a high catalytic activity in the borrowing hydrogen α-alkylation reaction of ketones and alcohols, which outperformed most reported homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts. It also demonstrated excellent cycling stability and broad substrate scope.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 23673-23683"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra01776b?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147829032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical study on the influence of different exciton Hamiltonians on the excitation dynamic process of the PE555 complex","authors":"XueYan Cui, ZeMin Sheng, Wei Song, Dengke Zhao, YiJing Yan and JianHua Wei","doi":"10.1039/D5RA09996J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5RA09996J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photosynthesis initiates at the light harvesting stage, where specific pigment–protein complexes can convert absorbed light energy into electronic excited states. These excited states are transferred to the reaction center, initiating charge separation. Existing studies have confirmed that quantum coherence between electronic excited states plays a pivotal role in excitation energy transfer. In this paper, we employ the dissipation equation of motion (DEOM) method from quantum dissipation theory to investigate the influence of the structure of the PE555 complex on its exciton dynamics, while also exploring the quantum coherence characteristics during the excitation energy transfer process of the complex. The research focuses on examining the effects of exciton-type Hamiltonians obtained by two different methods (the point dipole approximation (PDA) method and the transition charge from electrostatic potential (TrEsp) method) on the aforementioned processes. The results demonstrate that, under both low temperature and room temperature conditions, when the Hamiltonian obtained by the PDA method is combined with the DEOM method for calculations, the excitation energy transfer in the PE555 complex is faster, and more energy is transferred to the DBV50/61B molecule. The analysis reveals that the open structure of the PE555 complex results in larger exciton coupling values obtained by the PDA method, with a wider coupling distribution compared to that from the TrEsp method, which directly facilitates the efficient transfer of excitation energy. This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of quantum coherence effects and structural characteristics on energy transfer in light harvesting systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 23870-23883"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d5ra09996j?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoconfinement catalysis-enhanced electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for the sensitive detection of matrix metalloproteinase-9","authors":"Taoran Yan, Xinying Ma and Fengna Xi","doi":"10.1039/D6RA00374E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6RA00374E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) detection is crucial for the early screening and treatment monitoring of infantile hemangioma. Herein, a nanoconfinement catalysis-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was fabricated for the sensitive detection of MMP-9. Co<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small> nanoparticles were electrochemically deposited onto an ordered silica nanochannel film (SNF), which not only exhibited electrocatalytic oxidation activity toward luminol and H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> but also possessed peroxidase (POD)-like activity. The synergistic effect between Co<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small> and the confinement effect of SNF remarkably amplified ECL from the luminol–H<small>₂</small>O<small>₂</small> system. After functionalizing the electrode surface with epoxy groups, MMP-9 aptamers were covalently immobilized to construct the aptasensor. ECL signal quenching, attributable to the spatial hindrance and elevated interfacial resistance following the specific MMP-9/aptamer binding, served as the basis for the quantitative detection of MMP-9. The sensor displayed a wide linear response range (0.001 to 100 ng mL<small>⁻¹</small>), a low detection limit of 0.1 pg mL<small>⁻¹</small>, and high selectivity, reproducibility, and stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":102,"journal":{"name":"RSC Advances","volume":" 26","pages":" 23915-23921"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ra/d6ra00374e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}