{"title":"Automatic optical inspection (AOI)","authors":"O. Hecht, G. Dishon","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122259","url":null,"abstract":"The benefits of AOI are described, and an overview and technological tradeoffs of the AOI of the thin-film microchip module (TFMCM) are presented. It is noted that AOI has been proven to be essential in the production of electronic products such as printed circuit boards (PCBs) and photomasks. Because the structure and the production process of TF MCMs resemble those of these products, AOI is very likely to become imperative in the manufacturing process of multichip modules (MCMs). AOI technology is based on sophisticated image-processing techniques using advanced software algorithms with state-of-the-art hardware. Therefore, the investment in such equipment is large and requires deep understanding for cost justification, and the selection among competing vendors is hard to make. The continuous introduction of new models and improvements further amplifies the need to carefully consider the choice, ensuring that the equipment will keep up with the process and produce the best results for a long period.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114351423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new draft specification for surface mounting components","authors":"J. Lynch","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122200","url":null,"abstract":"A specification which develops tests to assess the ability of an SMD (surface-mount device), regardless of shape, size, or component family, to withstand the various surface-mount assembly processes is described. The specification identifies these process steps and assesses the stresses which they place upon the SMD. For each type of solder process, a detailed consideration is made of the time/temperature profile. This allows the derivation of severity classifications and the formulation of test methods for solderability, resistance to solder heat, and resistance to dissolution of metallization which are applicable to one or more of the solder attachment techniques. The specification considers substrate cleaning and develops test methods to assess the ability of the SMD to withstand the various cleaning techniques available. Attention is also given to resistance to mechanical forces, including the ability of the SMD to withstand pick and placement forces, substrate bending, and shear test.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115826181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Ohizumi, M. Ngasawa, K. Igarashi, M. Kohmoto, S. Ito
{"title":"Analytical and experimental study for designing molding compounds for surface mounting devices","authors":"S. Ohizumi, M. Ngasawa, K. Igarashi, M. Kohmoto, S. Ito","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122254","url":null,"abstract":"In order to qualitatively understand the popcorn (package cracking) phenomenon, Nitto corporation engineers have studied two approaches. One is a detailed investigation of the physical properties of molding compounds, such as moisture absorption, thermal conductivity, and adhesion to lead frames. The other is the establishment of an analytical system to estimate the induced stress in packages under soldering conditions using FEM (finite-element method) analysis, mathematical analysis, and other techniques. These two results are combined to generate an experimental equation including four parameters (moisture solubility coefficient, moisture diffusion coefficient, Young's modulus at soldering temperature, and mechanical strength at soldering temperature) for designing molding compounds for use in surface-mounting applications.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"149 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122896322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Creep-fatigue modelling for solder-joint reliability predictions including the microstructural evolution of the solder","authors":"H. Frost, R. Howard","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122232","url":null,"abstract":"A model is developed for the effect of microstructural evolution (precipitation and dissolution of tin particles) during the thermal-cycling fatigue of low-tin, lead-tin solders. It is shown that the effect of changing the cycle frequency is intertwined with the effect of change the cyclic temperature limits. Because both the precipitation rate and the dissolution rate depend on temperature, it is expected that the boundary between low frequency and high frequency depends on the temperature limits involved. The situation is complicated by the fact that the dissolution rate depends not just on alloy composition and dissolution temperature, but also on the temperature at which precipitate structure was formed. A proper estimate of the frequency boundary must take this into account. It is concluded that a proper extrapolation of the mechanical behavior from one set of conditions to another must take the microstructural evolution into account.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124742602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Campbell, D. W. Henderson, J. Lee, L. Lehman, W.T. Pimbley
{"title":"Dynamic analysis of impact pinning AL203 ceramic substrates","authors":"B. Campbell, D. W. Henderson, J. Lee, L. Lehman, W.T. Pimbley","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122221","url":null,"abstract":"Impact pinning is used to stake pins into a ceramic substrate by striking cylindrical pins with a ballistic piston to cold-form a head and a bulge on opposite sides of the substrate. The dynamics and controlling mechanisms of this process are elucidated. The deformation of the pins is the result of the competing mechanisms of simple axial compression and dynamic buckling induced by the applied force. Sinusoidal buckling wave modes are set up initially in each pin, but are relatively unimportant until after the pins fill the holding die cavities. The pins next impinge the substrate through-holes' walls, and head formation commences. Continued pin buckling causes impingement to become more severe, and the pins capture the substrate. The substrate abruptly accelerates, causing the bulge to form. The development of the bulge stops the motion of the substrate. Head formation is completed. The entire sequence of events takes less than 100 mu s (in the case of interest). Quantitative analysis and modeling reveal the details of process evolution. Theoretical calculations were verified experimentally.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125009863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physical design of the ODL-250H militarized surface mount optical data link","authors":"M.S. Acarlar, J. Plourde, G. Steiner, M. Voitek","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122192","url":null,"abstract":"It is noted that many new military programs for data communications on mobile platforms require the use of fiber-optic systems. The advantages of fiber-optic systems for these applications include EMI (electromagnetic interference) immunity, increased security, reduced weight, and increased information bandwidth. The electrooptic components for these systems must operate over the full military temperature range of -55 degrees C to +125 degrees C. To meet these requirements, a 250-Mb/s hybrid optical data link has been designed and developed for harsh-environment military applications. The transmitter and receiver operate at an optical wavelength of 1.3 mu m and use either 62.5/125- or 100/140- mu m multimode optical fiber. In the absence of any military standards governing fiber-optic digital transmitters and receivers, the materials, processes, and design criteria for the data link were based on the custom hybrid microcircuit requirements of MIL-M-38510 Appendix G, class B. Screening and quality-conformance test procedures were implemented using a modified fiber-optic custom hybrid version of method 5008 of MIL-STD-883. Design criteria, mechanical and optical design, and analysis techniques used to achieve the above performance goals are discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123655732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Tong, L. Mok, K. Grebe, H. Yeh, K. Srivastava, J. Coffin
{"title":"Parylene encapsulation of ceramic packages for liquid nitrogen application","authors":"H. Tong, L. Mok, K. Grebe, H. Yeh, K. Srivastava, J. Coffin","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122213","url":null,"abstract":"A study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of a thin layer (9.4 mu m in thickness) of a chemical-vapor-deposited polymer, Parylene, in enhancing the solder lifetime of IBM ceramic packages containing large-DNP (distance to neutral point) test chips during liquid-nitrogen operation. Coated and uncoated (control) packages with chips joined using C4 (controlled collapse chip connection) Pb/Sn solder technology were thermally cycled between near room temperature and liquid-nitrogen temperature. At every 50 or 100 cycles, the electrical resistances of solder joints were measured at room temperature for the nondestructive detection of solder failures based on a solder electrical-resistance criterion. The thermal cycling experiment and electrical measurement were continued until solder failure was first noticed in coated packages. The number of cycles to first failure was twice the corresponding number for uncoated packages. To help interpret this two-fold solder-life enhancement associated with parylene, an elastoplastic finite-element model was developed and used to determine the thermal strain and stress distributions near failed solder joints for coated and uncoated packages during thermal cycling. Based on the results provided by this model and a low-temperature solder lifetime model, the extended solder life was attributed to the ability of Parylene to modify the strain and stress fields in the solder joint as well as to its barrier and conformal-coating properties.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128738737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miniaturization of thin cantilever-like contacts","authors":"H. Fluss","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122309","url":null,"abstract":"One consequence of connector miniaturization is the increased sensitivity of the contact normal force to tolerances in geometric and material parameters. This effect is studied for contacts that can be modeled structurally as thin cantilevers, where the tip load corresponds to the normal force. Design curves are developed showing the change in sensitivity as a function of reduction in size for tolerances in length, width, thickness, and Young's modulus. The complementary problem of determining the reduction in tolerance needed to maintain a given normal force variation as the contact is reduced is also solved. The contact that is stressed into the elastic-plastic regime in the reduced configuration is considered. It is found that, for thin cantilever-like contacts, the sensitivity of normal forces is increased most for tolerances in length, followed by tolerances in thickness. However, since the percentage tolerance in thickness is greater than the tolerance in length for most designs, thickness will likely be the critical parameter in reducing a design. It is also found that to maintain a given normal force range as one scales down, the tolerances allowed have to be reduced by the scaling factor.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128947723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wideband characterization and modeling of TAB packages using time domain techniques","authors":"W. Su, S. Riad, T. Poulin, D. Fett, Z. Shen","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122308","url":null,"abstract":"A method for wideband characterization and modeling of tape automated bonding (TAB) packages using time-domain techniques is described. The method uses time-domain reflectometry data along with the modified transient circuit analysis package (MTCAP) to develop a physically based equivalent circuit model. The model accurately simulates the TAB over a wide band of frequencies (DC to >25 GHz). Computer simulations based on the model were performed to predict TAB performance parameters. Results of both the experimental measurements and computer simulations are presented.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128634186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Shimada, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kata, M. Kurano, H. Takamizawa
{"title":"Large scale multilayer glass-ceramic substrate for supercomputer","authors":"Y. Shimada, Y. Kobayashi, K. Kata, M. Kurano, H. Takamizawa","doi":"10.1109/ECTC.1990.122171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ECTC.1990.122171","url":null,"abstract":"A large-scale multilayer glass-ceramic (MGC) substrate, which has a low dielectric constant","PeriodicalId":102875,"journal":{"name":"40th Conference Proceedings on Electronic Components and Technology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124706567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}