Clinical and Experimental Hepatology最新文献

{"title":"Deep learning-based classification of gallbladder lesions in patients with non-diagnostic (GB-RADS 0) ultrasound.","authors":"Pankaj Gupta, Ruby Siddiqui, Thakur D Yadav, Lileswar Kaman, Gaurav Prakash, Parikshaa Gupta, Uma N Saikia, Usha Dutta","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145424","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Non-diagnostic ultrasound (US) of the gallbladder may be due to various factors. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of deep learning-based classification of gallbladder lesions on US images in patients with non-diagnostic US secondary to gallbladder factors.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with non-diagnostic US due to calculi within the gallbladder lumen, obscuring the detailed evaluation, were identified by a research fellow from a prospective database of patients with gallbladder lesions. The US reports and images were evaluated by a radiologist blinded to the final diagnosis. Patients who had the final pathological diagnosis based on fine-needle aspiration cytology, percutaneous or endoscopic biopsy, or surgical histopathology were included. Convolution neural networks (ResNet50, GBCNet), transformer models (vision transformer [ViT], RadFormer), and a hybrid model (MedViT) were trained on a public gallbladder dataset (GBCU dataset). The performance of these models for classifying gallbladder lesions into benign and malignant was tested on non-diagnostic (GB-RADS 0) US images.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Training and validation cohorts (GBCU dataset) comprised 1004 and 251 images, respectively. The testing data (26 patients, mean age [SD]: 57.5 ±8.07 years, 17 female) comprised 304 images. The best performance for detection of GBC was achieved with GBCNet (sensitivity 51.1%, specificity 83.3%, area under the curve [AUC] 0.709) and MedViT (sensitivity 92.8%, specificity 50%, AUC 0.714). MedViT had the best accuracy (73.1%) for detecting benign gallbladder lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest that deep learning models can potentially stratify patients with non-diagnostic US. However, further improvement in the performance is needed to render this approach relevant in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"232-239"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022622/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143968166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum dihomo-γ-linolenic acid concentration as a potential novel noninvasive biomarker for liver steatosis detection in children.","authors":"Natalia Kopiczko, Anna Bobrus-Chociej, Ewa Harasim-Symbor, Marta Flisiak-Jackiewicz, Monika Kowalczuk-Krystoń, Eugeniusz Tarasów, Adrian Chabowski, Dariusz M Lebensztejn","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>To evaluate serum concentrations of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and associated long chain n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic (LA), arachidonic acid (AA)) together with estimated desaturase activities in obese children with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The prospective study included 57 children with obesity. MASLD was diagnosed according to the latest consensus. The total intrahepatic lipid content (TILC) was assessed by magnetic resonance proton spectroscopy (¹H-MRS). Fasting serum concentrations of LA, dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA) and AA were measured. The estimated Δ5 desaturase (D5D) activity was calculated based on the AA to DGLA ratio and the estimated Δ6 desaturase (D6D) activity based on the DGLA to LA ratio.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MASLD was diagnosed in 25 children. DGLA was significantly higher in children with obesity in comparison to the reference group (<i>n</i> = 19, <i>p</i> < 0.01). The DGLA/LA ratio was significantly elevated, while the AA/DGLA ratio was significantly lower in obese subjects compared with the reference group. DGLA concentration and estimated D6D activity correlated positively with TILC. The ability of DGLA concentration to detect liver steatosis in ¹HMRS was significant (AUC = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum DGLA levels may be considered as a potential novel non-invasive biomarker for liver steatosis detection in children. The differences in the serum concentrations of DGLA, LA and AA between the groups and correlations found between their concentrations and other parameters suggest their potential role in pathogenesis and development of MASLD in children with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"278-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143983922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minimal hepatic encephalopathy: Characteristics and comparison of the main diagnostic modalities.","authors":"Nikola Mumdzhiev, Rumen V Tenev, Mariana P Radicheva","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the latest clinical guidelines, minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is diagnosed by using a single test for which the center has experience and local norms. Nowadays, several tests are available. Here we describe the most frequently used tests: Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES), Continuous Reaction Time (CRT), Inhibitory Control Test (ICT), Stroop test, Animal Naming Test (ANT), critical flicker frequency (CFF) and electroencephalography (EEG) using characteristics such as: creation specificity, neurocognitive domains, computerized vs. pencil and paper, translatability, time to perform, learning effect, affecting factors, local norms, copyright, medical equipment and need for specific training. After that we briefly address comparison of the results of different tests or test combinations. Such information may prove useful to anyone new to the field of minimal hepatic encephalopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"218-226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease undergoing bariatric surgery.","authors":"Amr Elsayed, Alshymaa Hassnine, Mariana F Gayyed, Fatma Saied, Mohamed A Abdelzaher, Yasser Fouad, Alaa M Mostafa, Mohamed Khalaf","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Liver fibrosis affects progression of fatty liver. Epidemiological data about fibrosis in overweight/obese Egyptian patients undergoing bariatric surgery are limited. We aimed to assess hepatic steatosis and fibrosis in patients with metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) before bariatric surgery <i>via</i> noninvasive tools and liver biopsy.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study of overweight/obese MAFLD patients undergoing bariatric surgery in the Hepatogastroenterology Hospital was performed. For all recruited cases, the history was taken and clinical examination, laboratory testing, intra-operative laparoscopic liver biopsies and histopathological evaluation were conducted. Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS), and AST to platelet ratio (APRI) were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final number of patients with significant fibrosis was 85; of these, 24/85 (28.2%) met the MAFLD criteria (F2), 11/85 (12.9%) had advanced fibrosis (F3-F4), and 50/85 (58.8%) had no significant fibrosis (F0-F1). Fibrosis was significantly higher in the elderly, smokers, and those with diabetes, hypertension, or chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Degree of fibrosis was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride, cholesterol, serum uric acid, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and HbA_1c levels, and negatively with platelet level. Regression analysis indicated that smoking, elevated BMI, presence of diabetes and hypertension, decreased platelet level and elevated serum uric acid are predictors of significant fibrosis. Non-invasive models, such as FIB-4, NFS, and APRI provided greater accuracy for predicting significant fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2) was detected in > 1/3 of patients with MAFLD undergoing bariatric surgery. Presence of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high WHR, elevated serum uric acid, advanced age, and low platelet level are risk factors for significant fibrosis (F ≥ 2). Noninvasive models, FIB-4, NFS, and APRI can be used to identify significant liver fibrosis in bariatric surgery patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"240-248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143954979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of hepatitis C virus antibodies and associated risks among residents in long-term assisted living facilities and shelters in Latvia.","authors":"Ieva Tolmane, Ieva Siksaliete, Inga Upmace, Inga Bulmistre, Agita Jeruma, Inga Azina, Baiba Rozentale, Raimonds Sīmanis","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.144351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.144351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>This was a retrospective study which aimed to analyse two-year (October 1, 2020 to October 31, 2022) data collected by HIV Prevention Point employees during their routine work and to update hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence among residents of long-term assisted living facilities (LTALF) and shelters in Latvia. Key objectives included investigating risk factors associated with HCV infection and analysing demographic characteristics contributing to prevalence.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of the screening involved 46 LTALF and 6 shelters, randomly selected from Latvia's social service providers register where HCV rapid plasma immunochromatographic antibody tests were used, as well as demographic and risk-related questions asked to participants. Data were recorded, transferred to Google Sheets, and statistically analysed using SPSS software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 2838 tests in LTALF and 349 in shelters, HCV prevalence was 4.2% and 12.0%, respectively. Risk factors such as intravenous narcotic use, incarceration, and unprotected sex were significantly associated with HCV prevalence in both populations. Males had higher prevalence rates than females, particularly in LTALF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study revealed an HCV prevalence in LTALF almost twice that of the general population and four times higher in shelters. Those denying prior incarceration or intravenous narcotic use still exhibited higher prevalence rates. Significant risk factors included intravenous narcotic use, prior incarceration and unprotected sex. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions in these high-risk populations and emphasize the importance of tailored prevention, screening, and treatment strategies. The urgency of addressing elevated prevalence rates in LTALF and shelters is underscored, calling for immediate and targeted public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"271-277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio in prediction of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.","authors":"Nizamettin Bozbay, Şeyma Kılıç, Osman Yıldırım, Aybike Tazegül Pekin, Gökçen Örgül","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>We aimed to compare the first, second and third trimester APRI (aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index) scores in pregnant women with and without intrahepatic cholestasis (ICH).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>In this study, 54 patients diagnosed with ICH and 59 healthy pregnant women admitted to a tertiary care center between 2018 and 2024 were evaluated. APRI scores were compared between the two groups for three trimesters (first, second, and third trimester). The optimal cut-off values of the APRI score for the prediction of ICH were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>APRI scores were significantly higher in the ICH group in all trimesters (<i>p</i> = 0.028, <i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). The optimal cut-off value for APRI score to predict ICH in the first, second, and third trimesters was 0.06 (42.6% sensitivity, 83.1% specificity), 0.1 (57.4% sensitivity, 93.2% specificity) and 13 (77.8% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>APRI score was found to be a significant predictor of ICH throughout the entire pregnancy. APRI score seems to be a useful marker in clinical practice to predict ICH.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"285-290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine in the tertiary liver unit: A feasibility study.","authors":"Daniel J Havaj, Svetlana Adamcová-Selčanová, Klaudia Mesíková, Janka Vnenčáková, Daniela Žilinčanová, Natália Kubánek, Karolína K Šulejová, Zuzana Mesárošová, Juraj Šváč, Radovan Lapuník, Viktória Ďurajová, Ľubomír Skladaný","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Chronic liver disease is a global cause of morbidity and mortality. Slovakia has a high prevalence but an inadequate hepatology network. The COVID-19 pandemic catalysed telemedicine (TM) as a potential solution, which we aimed to investigate.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study to evaluate the feasibility and benefits of TM for liver cirrhosis and posttransplant patients, consisting of two phases, TM1 and TM2. The main outcomes were 1) cumulative endpoint of feasibility, uptake/acceptance, adherence (TM1), and fidelity (TM1, TM2), 2) the potential to reduce the length of hospital stay, avert unnecessary hospital admissions, and expedite the search/recall process in case of serious signals mediated by TM. Although not analysed in this study, we have recorded variables necessary for investigating associations of TM use with clinical outcomes and healthcare expenditure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 95 patients. The adherence documented by the termination of monitoring at the designated time was higher in TM2 (81.7% vs. 58.3%). The proportion of patients terminated due to death or the physician's decision decreased (16.9% vs. 29.2%) and was based on their discretion, unrelated to any health complications (1.4% vs. 12.5%). The clinical impact was reflected in the hospitalization rate, particularly shortened hospitalization in 11.3%, averted/prevented hospital admissions in 14.1%, and accelerated rehospitalization in 11.3% in the subsequent phase with alert-based interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that adherence to TM was high and integrating TM helps to reduce hospitalization rates. Despite the identified limitations, TM has the potential to improve the quality and substantially reduce the cost of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"261-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143989663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic associated steatotic liver disease misses fewer high-risk patients than metabolic associated fatty liver disease.","authors":"Yu-Ming Cheng, Tsung-Han Hsieh, Shan-Wen Wang, Chia-Chi Wang, Jia-Horng Kao","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim of the study: </strong>Metabolic associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) was proposed to replace non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in 2023. It has different diagnostic criteria from metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The comparison between the two disease names and diagnostic criteria deserves investigation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We recruited participants from the Taiwan Bio-bank database. NAFLD was diagnosed based on the presence of hepatic steatosis after excluding chronic hepatitis B or C virus infection, chronic drinkers, or other known liver diseases. According to the presence of cardiometabolic criteria, NAFLD is divided into two groups: MASLD and cryptogenic steatotic liver disease (SLD). The \"missing\" group was defined as those patients who met the diagnostic criteria for MASLD but not for MAFLD. Cryptogenic SLD was used as the control group. We used the NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS) as an indicator for liver fibrosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 17,595 participants, among whom 7,274 (41.3%) had MASLD, and 6,905 had pure MAFLD, defined as MAFLD having no other causes of liver diseases. The cryptogenic SLD group consisted of 264 (1.5%) patients, while the \"missing\" group had 369 patients. There were no differences in metabolic parameters, liver markers and the percentage of carotid plaques between these two groups. When comparing the \"missing\" group to the control group, the \"missing\" group had higher NFS and a higher proportion of carotid plaques.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this large, population-based study, is not advisable to exclude the \"missing\" group having higher risk of liver fibrosis and atherosclerosis than controls. MASLD misses fewer high-risk patients than pure MAFLD for replacing NAFLD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"249-256"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis B virus infections in pregnant women and children in the era of HBV elimination.","authors":"Malgorzata Pawlowska","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the hepatitis B virus (HBV) elimination strategy announced by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016, one of the main aspects is the prevention of vertical infections. In the prevention of vertical HBV infections, chemoprophylaxis with tenofovir is recommended from the 28^th week of pregnancy in women with a high viral load (HBV DNA > 2 × 10⁵ IU/ml) or the presence of HBeAg in the serum and active-passive immunoprophylaxis (HepB-BD+ HBIG) in all newborns born to mothers infected with HBV. Attention was paid to the incidence of latent HBV infections among children and adolescents and the role of the vaccine dose and additional hepatitis B booster vaccination in the prevention of HBV, especially in highly endemic areas and risk groups. The role of the age of initiation of therapy in the context of functional cure was indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"227-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system in liver diseases.","authors":"Anna Parfieniuk-Kowerda, Diana Martonik, Aleksandra Andrzejuk, Aleksander Tarasik, Robert Flisiak","doi":"10.5114/ceh.2024.145358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/ceh.2024.145358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabinoids are biologically active substances acting <i>via</i> feedback-coupled CB1 and CB2 receptors. Their expression in myofibroblasts and liver endothelial cells is reported to be elevated in chronic liver diseases. The effect of CB1 receptor stimulation is to increase fibrosis and inflammatory activity in the liver by stimulating stellate cells, while activation of the CB2 receptor results in inhibition of fibrosis. Stimulation of the CB1 receptor may also lead to progression of liver steatosis and carcinogenesis. In end-stage liver disease, the endocannabinoid system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of encephalopathy and vascular effects, such as portal hypertension, splanchnic vasodilatation and cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. It seems that interference in endocannabinoid transmission may serve as an attractive target for the development of hepatological drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10281,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Hepatology","volume":"10 4","pages":"211-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12022620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}