{"title":"Clinical efficacy of anterograde and retrograde resection combined with autogenous conjunctival transplantation for pterygium","authors":"Yizhou Sun, lei chen, C. Cao, Guiming Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.10.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the efficiency of the anterograde and retrograde resection combined with antogenous conjunctival transplantation for pterygium. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000One hundred eighty cases (120 eyes) with primary pterygium were divided into two groups. Group A: 56 patients(57 eyes) were treated with anterograde resection combined with conjunctival transplantation. Group B: 62 patients(63 eyes)were treated with retrograde resection combined with conjunctival transplantation. The irritation symptoms, operation time, corneal epithelium to heal and recurrence rate were compared. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Subjective symptoms were significantly different between the two groups after surgery 48h and 1 week(P <0.05,P <0.001).The difference of operation time and corneal wound healing time had statistical significance between the groupA and B (P <0.001). There was no statistically significant difference of pterygium recurrence. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000The anterograde and retrograde resection combined with antogenous conjunctival transplantation has low recurrence rate, but retrograde resection is a better approach for the operation time and corneal epithelium to heal.The easily operational operation way can be widely uses in clinic. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Pterygium; Conjunctival; Anterograde; Retrograde","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"65 1","pages":"1013-1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86886711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Fu, Shiqiang Zhao, Jing Wang, Ping Xi, Qing Su, Yu Li
{"title":"A preliminary study on accommodative function in amblyopic children with anisometropia before and after treatment","authors":"Tao Fu, Shiqiang Zhao, Jing Wang, Ping Xi, Qing Su, Yu Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To observe accommodative fuction in amblyopic children with anisometropia, and the change of accommodative function after cured amblyopia. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Thirty-six amblyopic children aged 8~15 years (mean 9.45±1.86 years) with anisometropia were recruited. Twenty children were male while 16 children were female. The refraction was corrected. Positive relative accommodation (PRA) and negative relative accommodation (NRA) were examined by phoropter examination. Accommodation amplitude were measured by negative lens methods. The data were analyzed by SPSS statistics software system. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000There were significant difference between the accommodative amplitude (P <0.001) and PRA (P=0.001) of normal eyes and those of amblyopic eyes in amblyopic children with anisometropia; but no significant difference could be found for NRA (P=0.22). After the visual acuity of amblyopic eyes got normal, PRA in amblyopic eye was increasd but still lower than that of the contralateral normal eye (P=0.001); meanwhile, the NRA of amblyopic eyes had no significant difference from that of contralateral normal eye (P=0.92). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The accommodative amplitude and PRA of anisometropic amblyopic eyes is significantly decreased. After treatment, the accommodative amplitude and PRA of amblyopic eye are improved, but still lower than those of the contralateral normal eye. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Hyperopia; Anisometropia; Amblyopia; Accommodative function","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"39 1","pages":"909-912"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79871400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The efficacy of intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for acute retinal pigment epithelititis","authors":"Qingshan Chen, X. Xi, Fei Wang, Zhi Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate efficacy and safety of anti-VEGF treatment for acute retinal pigment epitheliitis (ARPE) . \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000In this cases control study,15 cases (15eyes) of ARPE from October 2013 to February 2015 were studied. Vision acuity, fundus photographs, FFA and OCT were examined. The patients were divided into: anti-VEGF group and control group, and followed up 2 months. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The difference in BCVA of two groups at baseline were not significant(P=0.06). BCVA of treatment group was significantly increased than that is the control group after 2 months followed up (P=0.001). Followed up 2 months, 8 cases in therapy group showed the impaired IS/OS and RPE layer were restored, however, the impaired IS/OS or RPE layer in control group were not completely restored. FFA also showed hyperfluorescein around macular center. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000OCT and FFA repealed that initial lesion in ARPE located at the area between IS/OS and PRE inner layer. In acute stage, vision decreased associated with transmission of FFA, as well as disruption of IS/OS and PRE inner layer. Anti-VEGF therapy could improve visual acuity of ARPE quickly. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Retinal pigment epitheliitis; anti-VEGF; Ranibizumab","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"66 1","pages":"913-916"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83815453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Treatment of traumatic pupil dilation combined with lens dislocation by pupilloplasty","authors":"Hai-bin Zhong, Fan Xu, Min Li, Lifei Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the operative method of traumatic lens dislocation combined with pupil dilation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Retrospectively analyzing 39 eyes of 39 patients with pupil dilation in 51 cases(51 eyes) of traumatic lens clislocatinen from June 2013 to March 2016 who were treated with lensectomy and pupiloplasty. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000In this group, traumatic pupillary dilation occurred in 82.4% of traumatic lens dislocation. Following 3 to 22 months, 3 months after operation the visual acuity > 0.1 were in 31 eyes, photophobia and other symptoms were obviously reduced. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000In patients with traumatic dislocation of the lens, accompanied by a large proportion of traumatic pupil dilation. After Removalling of the lens and implanting of intraocular lens, pupiloplasty to reduce the pupil diametre can significantly improve visual acuity and effectively reduce or eliminate many discomfort symptoms by mydriasis, such as photophobia, glare and the others. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Traumatic pupil dilation; Traumatic lens dislocation; Pupilloplasty","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"35 1","pages":"924-926"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87702179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study of the effect of positioning dacryocyst by dacryocystography in endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy","authors":"Jian Huang, Haiyan Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To discuss the localization effect of dacryocystography in endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy on dacryocystitis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Method \u0000The 28 cases of patient were scanned with orbital CT before operation. On coronal scanning image, the location of the longest dacryocyst image were made sure which was shown by dacryocystography in lateral wall of the nasal cavity and the location was marked by the ridge of nasal septum. The operation was performed with those marks. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Result \u0000All patients were performed successfully during operation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Dacryocystography and orbital CT scanning are performed before surgery, which can help work out surgical planning and guide surgery in patients with dacryocystitis who are accepted endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy under endoscope. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Dacryocystography; The location; Endoscopic endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"33 1","pages":"885-886"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89848295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Management of superior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment by scleral buckling combined with intravitreal gas injection","authors":"Tonghe Zhang, Xuyang Liu, Guoming Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To introduce the clinical application of scleral buckling combined with intravitreal gas injection for the treatment of superior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000In this study, 13 cases of superior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment treated by the same surgeon were selected from January 1st 2015 to April 30th 2017 retrospectively. Among them, there were 9 males and 4 females, aged from 26 to 72 years old. All the patients were healthy and could meet the postoperative posture requirements. Furthermore, the PVR grade was A-B, and the range of separation was at the 8 o'clock-4 o'clock position. Meanwhile, 9 cases of detachment involved the macula, and the remaining cases showed no involvement of the macula. The size of the retinal fissure was about 0.5PD-1.5PD, 10 cases of the retinal fissure were horseshoe-shaped, and the other 3 cases indicated lattice degeneration of the retina. The retinal fissure was observed to be located at the equator or slightly inferior to the posterior pole. Operation with simple external pressure combined with intravitreal gas injection were performed in the 11 cases of patients, and the other 2 patients were treated based on the application of external pressure combined with scleral buckling and intravitreal gas injection. The specific operation procedures were: the conjunctiva was routinely opened during the operation, lifted muscles according to the location of the retinal fissure, the approximate location of the retinal fissure was determined under the binocular indirect ophthalmoscope, partial subretinal fluid were released by sclerotic puncture near the retinal fissure. Afterwards, 0.5-0.8ml sterile filtered gas was injected into the vitreous cavity, the retinal fissure was then frozen under direct vision. Following positioning, the silica gel block was fixed, and external prop pressure was performed subsequently to locate the retinal fissure on the crest of the operation. Postoperative posture coordination was required for surgical patients. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000All operations were successful in 13 cases, anatomic reduction of retina was achieved, 10 cases were followed up for more than half a year without recurrence, another 2 cases were observed to have no recurrence in the follow-up period of 3 months, and the remaining 1 case was followed up for a month without recurrence. All 13 cases had different degrees of vision improvement. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000On the premise of accurately grasping the indication of operation, scleral buckling combined with intravitreal gas injection have a good and definite treatment effect for superior rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Scleral buckling; Intravitreal gas injection; Retinal detachment","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"12 1","pages":"917-920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74224541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of age on surgical results in treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction by Ritleng lacrimal intubation","authors":"Wen-hong Cao, Qian Wu, Yun-wei Fan, Yuan-Wei Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To evaluate the effect of age on surgical results in treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) by Ritleng lacrimal intubation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Retrospective control study. The outcome of 287 eyes of silicone intubation with Ritleng lacrimal intubation system, performed on 175 children with CNLDO after failed probing (aged from 6 to 72 months with all av-erage at 22.5 months)from Beijing Children’s Hospital, Was retrospectively reviewed. The eyes were divided into 2 age categories: category 1(≤24 months,214 eyes) and category 2(>24 months,73 eyes). Treatment success was defined as absence of epiphora, mucous discharge or increased lacrimal lake after surgery.Number of probing, type of obstruction, the therapeutic rate and timing of tube-drawing of different age were analyzed. Complications were also compared. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The rates of outcome above-mentioned between 2 groups respectively were: complex obstruction 22.0%(47/214), 47.9%(35/73); recovery rate 89.3% (191/214) ,78.1% (57/73) ; recurrence rate 1.6% (3/191) ,8.8% (5/57) ; tube-drawing in 2 months after surgery 76.2% (163/214),46,6% (34/73) ; significant differences were found between the groups. According to the complications, incidence rate of silicone intubation dropping and suture disconnection in group 1 were higher, instead, nose wing granuloma and nasal bleeding were less in group 1, both than that in group 2 significantly. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000As the increase of the number of probing and the complex obstruction after the age of 2, the success rate of the operation decreased. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction; intubation; age; surgical results","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"67 1","pages":"869-873"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83160567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experience of 78 cases undergone medial cut end repair of lower canalicular lacerations","authors":"Junhua Zhao","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To summarize the suitability of upper canalicular probing in repairing medial cut end of lower canalicular lacerations. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Seventy-eight patients with lower canalicular lacerations underwent canalicular laceration repair with bicanalicular silicone intubation. Upper canalic-ular probing was introduced for locating the medial cut end of lower canalicular lacerations. The length of operation time was 30 to 60 minutes. The silicone tubes were kept in the lacrimal passage for 3 months. Postoperative follow up ranged from 6-12 months, evaluating the success rate and complications. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000All patients were repaired successfully, of which the total free lacrimal passage reconstruction was achieved in 75 patients. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The upper canalicular probing technique is useful in repairing medial cut end of lower canalicular because of its shorter operation time, higher success rate, better effect and less complications. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Lower canalicular laceration; Rapid repair; Lacrimal probe assistance","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"10 1","pages":"882-884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86136899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fang Chai, Hua Ai, Xiao-qin Lei, Runsheng Wang, Jin Deng
{"title":"Analysis of clinical features of visual impairment caused by endoscopic sinus surgery","authors":"Fang Chai, Hua Ai, Xiao-qin Lei, Runsheng Wang, Jin Deng","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the causes, clinical features, treatment and prognosis of chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps with endoscopic sinus surgery. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 10 patients (10 eyes) from clinic of Xi’an No.4 Hospital between January 2001 and December 2016 due to vision loss caused by endoscopic sinus surgery were prospectively examined. All patients were enrolled and administered visual acuity testing, ophthalmic examinations, color photography, and other clinical observations. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Ten cases of ocular complications occurred, including central retinal artery occlusion in 1 case, optic nerve injury in 6 cases, orbital hemorrhage in 2 cases, and orbital infection in 1 case. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The complications of endoscopic sinus surgery in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps are complex, and the preparation, familiarity with nasal endoscopic resection and skilled operation can reduce the occurrence of complications. Timely detection of eye complications can reduce the risk of serious consequences. Visual impairment caused by endoscopic sinus surgery is difficult to treat and result in poor prognosis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Nasosinusitis; Nasal polyp; Endoscopic surgery; Eye; Complication","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"203 1","pages":"887-889"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72795656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differences of the changes in tear film with four types of artificial tear treatment on dry eye after phacoemulsification","authors":"Qiu-jian Zhu, Xiao-ying Xing, Zuo-hong Wu, Ding Chen","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1006-4443.2017.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To study the difference of the tear film changes of four types artificial tear in treatment of dry eye after phacoemulsification by spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000This clinical study included 40 patients (40 eyes) having dry eye after phacoemulsification, 10 patients used Tears Naturale Forte Eye Drops (group A), 10 patients used Polyethylene Glycol Eye Drops (group B), 10 patients used Sodium Hyaluronate Eye Drops (group C), 10 patients used Carboxxymethylcellulose Sodium Eye Drop (group D). Total tear meniscus area (TTMA) was measured before and at differeat times after treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000In the group A and B, TTMA was statistically significantly (P <0.05) better than preoperatively at 0 minute, 10 minute, 20 minute, 30 min-ute and 45 minute. In the group C and D, TTMA was statistically significantly (P <0.05) better than preoperatively at 0 minute and 10 minute. Comparison among groups, at 10 minute, TTMA of group B was statistically significantly (P=0.020, P=0.011) better than group C and group D. At 20 minute TT-MA of group A and group B was statistically significantly (P=0.006, P=0.005, P=0.004, P=0.003) better than group C and group D. Even at 45minute, TTMA of group B was statistically significantly (P=0.040, P=0.016) better than group C and group D. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Polyethylene Glycol Eye Drops and Tears Naturale Forte Eye Drops are better in treatment of dry eye after phacoemulsification, and q1h is recommended. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Artificial tear; Cataract; Tear meniscus; OCT","PeriodicalId":10236,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Practical Ophthalmology","volume":"21 1","pages":"899-902"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84416042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}