Clinical and Experimental Optometry最新文献

{"title":"The role of limbal stem cells on neurotrophic cornea.","authors":"Mukaddes Damla Ciftci, Gamze Dereli Can, Mehmet Gurdal, Ozlem Barut Selver","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2561862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2561862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Corneal innervation and corneal epithelium integrity are essential for the maintenance of ocular surface homoeostasis, which is necessary for the preservation of the overall ocular surface health. Neurotrophic keratopathy (NK) is a condition characterised by a reduction or absence of corneal sensation, while limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is defined as the loss of limbal epithelial stem cells. The co-occurrence and common pathophysiological pathways of LSCD and NK necessitate the consideration of both diseases in a unified framework. Interactions between limbal stem cells and the corneal sub-basal nerve plexus, facilitated by paracrine signaling, cytokines, and growth factors, culminate in a mutualistic relationship that supports ocular surface homoeostasis. The presence of overlapping therapeutic approaches in the treatment of NK and LSCD further substantiates the interconnected nature of these two conditions. The objective of this review is to provide a summary of the interdependent relationship between the two diseases in question.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145111960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-driven patient history and symptoms combined with slit-lamp eye simulation for enhancing the clinical training of students.","authors":"Patrick Wk Ting, James S Wolffsohn","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2544809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2544809","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Communication between eye care practitioners is essential to optimise health care. Traditionally, actors have been used prior to real patient exposure, but this is expensive and much training is needed to ensure a consistent student experience and assessment. Artificial intelligence using ChatBots is shown to provide a high-quality student experience, and due to their portability and cost, it has the potential to revolutionise communication training.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Augmented reality ocular examination simulations have been shown to be effective in teaching ophthalmology and optometry. With large language models, ChatGPT has been shown to provide effective role-play simulation. This study examined whether a combination of augmented reality and role-play simulation can enhance self-assessed competency of optometry students. It also assessed, the learning experience of students with role play by a human actor compared to different artificial intelligence chatbots.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixteen final-year optometry students with limited experience of computer simulation completed three role-plays with each of a SimConverse artificial intelligence, ChatGPT artificial intelligence, and an actor patient, in randomised order. In each session, the scenario included a history and symptoms, related augmented reality slit-lamp biomicroscopy examination (EyeSi) of the 'patient's' eyes, followed by the student communicating their findings and intended actions with the 'patient'. Students completed pre- and post-questionnaires to rank their learning experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant improvements (<i>p</i> < 0.05) over all aspects of clinical competence expectations ranked by students except 'prioritising key signs and symptoms' (<i>p</i> = 0.66). There was no significant difference between the role-play proved by an actor and SimConverse. However, students rated the ChatGTP simulation as providing a significantly poorer experience (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining patient role-play with augmented reality simulation significantly enhances how students feel about their clinical competencies. Role-play by an artificial intelligence 'patient' can provide an equivalent learning experience as that provided by an actor.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation and cultural adaptation into Spanish of the questionnaire \"Low Vision Severely Constricted Peripheral Eyesight (LV-SCOPE)\".","authors":"Luis Pérez-Mañá, Salut Alba-Arbalat, Yolanda Pardo, Genis Cardona, Joan Gispets, Valldeflors Vinuela-Navarro, Joshua R Ehrlich","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2535418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2535418","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Validated assessment questionnaires tailored for patients with peripheral field loss are essential, as these conditions significantly impact daily activities and overall quality of life. Such questionnaires enhance patient care and empower healthcare providers to deliver effective interventions.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The LV-SCOPE questionnaire is the only validated instrument with adequate psychometric properties, specifically designed to assess difficulties that individuals with low vision and severe peripheral field loss encounter in daily living, orientation, and mobility. This study aimed to translate into Spanish and culturally adapt English version 'Low Vision Severely Constricted Peripheral Eyesight (LV-SCOPE)'.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The LV-SCOPE consists of 53 items and explores 6 dimensions: mobility, object localisation, recognition, reading, social functioning and technology. Following the recommendations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) for translation and cultural adaptation, translation, back-translation and cognitive interviews with 6 visually impaired patients were conducted. An expert committee of two optometrists and a psychologist specialising in Patient Reported Outcomes (PRO) participated. Conceptual equivalence between the original and adapted versions was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 sentences were translated, of which 96.2% exhibited excellent equivalence and 3.8% moderate equivalence with the original. Cognitive interviews indicated that the questionnaire was well-received, with 50% participants reporting difficulty with only 4 items.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Spanish adaptation of the LV-SCOPE was easy to understand in a sample of patients with severe peripheral field loss. Further study is needed to assess the psychometric properties of the Spanish version, including validity, reliability and responsiveness to change.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145074666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of amblyopia therapy on ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials.","authors":"Mahdi Sharifi, Sadegh Jafarzadeh, Mohammad Mahdi Ghorbani, Samira Hassanzadeh, Mohammad Yaser Kiarudi, Masoud Rostami","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2558758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2558758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The development of vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR) is dependent on the visual input from both eyes. The ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potential (oVEMP) test provides an objective assessment of contralateral utricular function and associated VOR pathways.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the effects of amblyopia therapy on oVEMP responses in children with unilateral amblyopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty patients with unilateral amblyopia (14 males and 16 females) with a mean age of 9.17 ± 2.02 years (range: 5-15 years) were examined. All participants received optimal optical correction and daily occlusion therapy (2 to 4 hours/day) for 6 months. Unilateral and bilateral stimulation of the oVEMP test was performed at baseline and 6 months after amblyopia therapy. A subgroup analysis, compared the effect of amblyopia therapy on oVEMP responses among participants with anisometropic, strabismic, and mixed amblyopia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following six months of therapy, best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly in amblyopic eyes (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Significant reductions in N1 and P1 latencies were observed in the amblyopic, non-amblyopic, and bilateral stimulation conditions at six months (all, <i>p</i> < 0.05). However, no significant changes were found in N1-P1 complex amplitude across conditions (all, <i>p</i> > 0.05). A linear mixed-effects model showed that neither amblyopia type nor age significantly predicted changes in oVEMP responses following treatment (all, <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over the 6-month follow-up, oVEMP latencies improved in both amblyopic and non-amblyopic eyes.These findings suggest a potential association between amblyopia treatment and enhanced vestibular-ocular timing. However, future controlled studies are necessary to confirm these observations and determine their clinical significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical values of systemic inflammatory indices in diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"Zahra Rezvani, Fatemeh Khani, Mehrdad Afarid, Fatemeh Asadian, Mohammad Ali Takhshid","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2555759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2555759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy contributes to a substantial proportion of vision loss, which can be mitigated through timely and accurate diagnosis and appropriate intervention. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and systemic immune inflammation index (SII) represent innovative markers of inflammation that are both accessible and straightforward for assessing inflammatory responses. This investigation reviews the extant literature concerning the variations of these inflammatory markers in diabetic retinopathy and their potential prognostic and diagnostic significance in complications related to diabetic retinopathy. Investigations relevant to the alteration<b>s</b> in systemic inflammatory indices in diabetic retinopathy published before 24 August 2025 were searched in Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The findings indicated a robust correlation between elevated systemic inflammatory indices and the incidence, severity, and complications associated with diabetic retinopathy. Nonetheless, there exists a degree of controversy and a lack of conclusive data regarding the clinical relevance of these inflammatory markers in relation to diabetic retinopathy and its associated complications. Additional research is essential to explore the potential utilisation of these indices in the prognosis and diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in peripapillary neurovascular structures in patients with intermittent claudication.","authors":"Gurcan Dogukan Arslan, Helin El Kılıc, Abdurrahman Alpaslan Alkan, Dilek Guven","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2558750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2558750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Peripapillary retina nerve fibre layer (RNFL) alterations in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are hypothesised to share a pathway with the general pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Depending on the severity of ischaemia in their extremities, these patients may be asymptomatic or have intermittent claudication.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate structural and vascular alterations in the peripapillary region of asymptomatic patients with PAD and those with intermittent claudication.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational cross-sectional study was conducted involving 68 patients with PAD who visited the cardiovascular surgery outpatient clinic and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. One eye per participant was examined. Peripapillary RNFL thickness, radial peripapillary capillary density, and ankle-brachial index were assessed. Participants were categorised based on the Rutherford classification, with higher categories indicating more severe ischaemia: asymptomatic (Rutherford 0) in one group and mild to severe claudication (Rutherford 1-3) in another.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Average radial peripapillary capillary density was significantly reduced in patients with PAD and intermittent claudication compared to controls (<i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas no significant difference was found between asymptomatic patients and controls. Patients with PAD exhibited significantly lower peripapillary RNFL thickness in the inferonasal, nasal inferior, and nasal superior quadrants than the controls (<i>p</i> < 0.05), although average RNFL thickness was not associated with the Rutherford classification. Ankle-brachial index showed a weak positive association with average radial peripapillary capillary density in patients with PAD (<i>R</i> = 0.325, <i>p</i> = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Decreased peripapillary vessel density was associated with a lower ankle-brachial index. Patients with PAD and intermittent claudication showed lower peripapillary vessel density than controls. These findings suggest that peripapillary microvascular impairments, likely linked to atherosclerosis, are more pronounced in patients with ischaemic limbs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of corneal topographical and endothelial cell parameters in hypothyroidism before and after thyroid replacement therapy.","authors":"Ali Mert Kocer, Cagatay Emir Onder, Mesut Ozdemır, Serife Mehlika Kuskonmaz, Merve Temmuz Aydugan, Sevde Nur Firat, Pınar Kosekahya, Mehmet Ali Sekeroglu","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2558756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2558756","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder that can influence various physiological processes throughout the human body.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite its clinical significance, there is a notable gap in directly comparing corneal characteristics between hypothyroid and euthyroid individuals within the same study cohort. This study aimed to explore the impact of hypothyroid and euthyroid states in the same participants on corneal topometry, tomography, densitometry, and aberrometry parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty eyes from 30 newly diagnosed hypothyroid patients with clinically clear corneas were enrolled in this study. Corneal parameter analyses using Scheimpflug corneal topography (Pentacam®HR, Wetzlar, Germany) and specular microscopy (EM-4000; Tomey Corp. Nagoya, Japan) were performed at the time of hypothyroidism diagnosis and after thyroid replacement therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The flat and mean keratometric readings of the anterior surface of the cornea were significantly higher in the euthyroid state than in the hypothyroid state (<i>p</i> < 0.001 and <i>p</i> = 0.002). After euthyroidism was provided, mean central corneal thickness and thinnest pachymetry values significantly decreased by 4.5 µm and 5.2 µm, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.003 and <i>p</i> = 0.001). Significantly lower corneal densitometry values were detected in the euthyroid state (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Although there was no difference in pupil diameter, spherical aberration measurements were significantly higher at the time of diagnosis than during the euthyroidism period (<i>p</i> = 0.001). Average and maximal progression index significantly increased in the euthyroidism phase compared to the hypothyroidism phase, while maximum Ambrόsio relational thickness decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The endothelial characteristics were statistically similar (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that patients with hypothyroidism may experience subtle corneal changes. The evaluation of a hypothyroid patient with corneal imaging devices may underestimate the risk of keratoconus and overestimate optic aberrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145039024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of vision impairment and refractive error in rural Nepalese children under five years of age.","authors":"Hari Bahadur Thapa, Mahesh Kumar Dev, Kabindra Bajracharya, Sirshendu Chaudhuri, Namrata Pandey, Saraswati Khadka, Katie Judson, Ken Bassett, Prakash Paudel","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2555314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2555314","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Good vision is critical for childhood development and education. Pre-school vision screening is important for early detection and treatment of visual problems, and prevention of life-long vision loss.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vision impairment (VI) and refractive error (RE) in rural Nepalese children under five years of age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study, using multistage random sampling, was conducted in the targeted children between 6 and 59 months old, identified by household visits from rural communities of Nepal. Eye examinations [visual acuity (VA), binocular vision, cycloplegic refractions, and anterior and posterior segments] were performed at community health centres. Refractive errors were recorded as a spherical equivalent (SE) and their prevalence was categorised as myopia (SE ≤ -1.00D) and hyperopia (SE ≥  +2.00D) and emmetropia with astigmatism (SE of astigmatism cases ≥ 1.50DC), and their associations with age, gender and ethnicity were explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2226 participating children, VA of 93.4% was reliably tested and among these, 5.9% had VI (presenting VA less than 6/18 in the better eye). Uncorrected RE accounted for 88% of VI. The overall prevalence of RE was also 5.9% (95% CI: 5.0-7.0), which included the prevalence of myopia, hyperopia and emmetropia with astigmatism of 2.4% (1.8-3.1), 2.7% (2.0-3.3) and 0.8% (0.4-1.2), respectively. The prevalence of overall astigmatism (total cases with ≥ 1.50DC) was 1.6% (1.1-2.1). Infants had significantly higher hyperopia compared to pre-schoolers [OR (95% CI: 4.9 (2.6-9.2)], while toddlers had higher likelihood of developing myopia [1.2 (0.9-1.5)]; however, gender and ethnicity had no significant associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of VI was high and uncorrected RE was the main cause of VI in rural Nepalese children under five years of age. Early vision screening should be conducted in pre-school children to correct significant RE and avoid the risk of developing refractive VI and amblyopia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A survey-based observational study on the prevalence and severity of dry eye symptoms in eye care professionals.","authors":"Sashwanthi Mohan, Ashit Handa, Chaitra Jayadev, Ramesh Venkatesh, Vineet Ratra, S Sathishkumar, Aashna Ratra, Dhanashree Ratra","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2025.2555313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08164622.2025.2555313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Dry eye disease (DED) is associated with use of video screen based gadgets and long hours spent looking through microscopes. Use of 3D goggles to view 3D screens leads to eye strain and worsening of dry eye symptoms. It is important to identify and treat the symptoms in professions carrying a high risk of DED.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and severity of dry eye symptoms in eye care professionals.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A semi-structured questionnaire survey was circulated via social media to eye care professionals. The survey was open for 2 weeks. The Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire was used to evaluate dry eye symptoms with a total score of 28. There was no dry eye if score was <5. Score of 5 or more indicated symptomatic dry eye and ≥8 was severe dry eye. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on DED was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 214 responses, 167 (78%) were from ophthalmologists and 47 (22%) from optometrists. The majority did not have refractive surgery, contact lens usage, or systemic disorders. Symptomatic DED was seen in 150/214 respondents (70%) and 119/214 (55.6%) had severe DED. Ophthalmologists (<i>p</i> = 0.016) and video display screen usage for >4 hours (<i>p</i> = 0.025) had a significant independent association with DED. Age >40 years (<i>p</i> = 0.168), female gender (<i>p</i> = 0.077), face mask usage (<i>p</i> = 0.15), and increased surgical time (<i>p</i> = 0.13) did not have any significant independent association. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant effect on dry eye prevalence (<i>p</i> = 0.0003) and severity (<i>p</i> < 0.0002). The dry eye symptoms interfered with work in 47.7% of ophthalmologists and 57.4% of optometrists.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Dry eye symptoms are highly prevalent in eye care professionals. Increased usage of video display screens can aggravate DED. The dry eye symptoms can potentially interfere with their work.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of induced astigmatism on vestibulo-ocular reflex.","authors":"Javad Heravian Shandiz, Mahdi Joveini, Monireh Mahjoob, Sadegh Jafarzadeh, Jamshid Jamali, Abbas Azimi","doi":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2443471","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08164622.2024.2443471","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The vestibular-ocular reflex stabilises the retinal image and maintains balance during head movement. Astigmatism is one of the common refractive errors that can reduce the quality of visual inputs.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of induced astigmatism on the function of the vestibular-ocular reflex.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective semi-experimental study was conducted on 48 participants aged 20 to 40 years who had no history of neurological, vestibular, or eye disorders. Simple myopic astigmatism was induced using three positive cylindrical lens powers of + 0.50D, +1.50D, and + 2.50D at three axes of 180, 45, and 90 degrees in both eyes. The vestibular-ocular reflex was evaluated by the ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential (oVEMP) through acoustic stimulation (a 500 hz tone burst at an intensity of 95 dBnHL) of the ear, with potentials recorded from the lower oblique muscle. The latency of the N1 and P1 waves and the amplitude of N1-P1 were recorded for all participants in the baseline condition (without any induced astigmatism) and under different induced astigmatism conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The latencies of N1 and P1 significantly increased with the increasing power of induced astigmatism; however, the powers of astigmatism had no effect on the amplitude of N1-P1. The axes of induced astigmatism did not have a significant effect on the latencies and amplitude of N1-P1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Induced astigmatism due to retinal image blur can deteriorate the function of the vestibular-ocular reflex by increase in the latencies of N1 and P1 oVEMP waves.</p>","PeriodicalId":10214,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry","volume":" ","pages":"855-859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}