ClimactericPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2025.2595987
Laura Gravelsins, Nicole J Gervais, Alana Brown, Shreeyaa Ramana, Sophia Zhao, Gina Nicoll, Marcus Q Bernardini, Michelle Jacobson, Gillian Einstein
{"title":"Younger midlife females with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy: respiratory disturbances during sleep.","authors":"Laura Gravelsins, Nicole J Gervais, Alana Brown, Shreeyaa Ramana, Sophia Zhao, Gina Nicoll, Marcus Q Bernardini, Michelle Jacobson, Gillian Einstein","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2595987","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2595987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>There are many menopauses; bilateral oophorectomy is associated with the worst cognitive outcomes. Compared to females with intact ovaries, females with bilateral oophorectomy experience early, abrupt ovarian hormone loss and are at increased risk for later-life Alzheimer's disease. They also have double the odds of developing later-life sleep disordered breathing (SDB) - a modifiable Alzheimer's risk factor. With respect to bilateral oophorectomy, it is unknown when respiratory disturbances occur or whether estradiol therapy (ET) ameliorates them. Also unknown is whether SDB influences cognition in this group.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Females with risk-reducing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) taking ET (BSO+ET, <i>n</i> = 19) or not (BSO, <i>n</i> = 16) and premenopausal age-matched controls (AMC, <i>n</i> = 17) were assessed for SDB markers using take-home polysomnography and for working memory performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The BSO group showed signs of respiratory disturbance compared to the AMC group. Memory performance was uncorrelated with respiratory metrics. While the BSO+ET group showed an intermediate sleep phenotype, estrone glucuronide levels correlated with improved respiratory metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that respiratory disturbances manifest as early as 5 years post-BSO in younger females; ET offers some amelioration. The close relationship between sleep disruption and Alzheimer's risk emphasizes the importance of SDB screening post-BSO for early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"218-226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145809724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ClimactericPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2025.2584064
Julia Grant, Molly Bond, Rakibul M Islam, Susan R Davis
{"title":"Prevalence of menopausal hormone therapy usage in symptomatic postmenopausal women in Australia.","authors":"Julia Grant, Molly Bond, Rakibul M Islam, Susan R Davis","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2584064","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2584064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to report the prevalence of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) usage in symptomatic postmenopausal women in Australia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The Australian Midlife Years Study is a nationally representative, cross-sectional questionnaire-based study of women aged 40-69 years that included current MHT usage and menopausal symptoms. Data were collected during October 2023-March 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 8086 participants, 10.8% of postmenopausal respondents reported MHT use. Further analysis was limited to 2503 potential MHT users (postmenopausal with vasomotor symptoms; 77.5%, <i>n</i> = 1941) or current users (22.5%; <i>n</i> = 562). The absolute number of MHT users was greatest amongst those aged 50-59 years (<i>n</i> = 309/1304, 24%), but the greatest proportion of use was amongst those aged 40-49 years (96/319, 30%). MHT use was less likely for participants who had body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> or ≥30 kg/m<sup>2</sup> versus BMI of 18.5-29.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all), were smokers (<i>p</i> < 0.001), were unemployed but seeking work versus in paid employment (<i>p</i> = 0.003) or were of non-European ancestry (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Education beyond high school (<i>p =</i> 0.002) and past hysterectomy and/or oophorectomy were associated with greater likelihoods of MHT use (<i>p</i> < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fewer than one-quarter of symptomatic postmenopausal Australian women were using MHT, with socio-demographic variables predicting use. The overall use remains similar to that reported a decade ago.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"210-217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145755378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ClimactericPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2025.2577743
Laura Alves Cota E Souza, Ilka Afonso Reis, Angélica Alves Lima
{"title":"Shivam Yoga practice can reduce frequency and intensity of climacteric symptoms.","authors":"Laura Alves Cota E Souza, Ilka Afonso Reis, Angélica Alves Lima","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2577743","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2577743","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Climacteric symptoms can significantly impair quality of life. Although various non-pharmacological interventions have been explored, the mid-term and long-term effects of yoga remain insufficiently investigated. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Shivam Yoga practice on climacteric symptoms and hormone levels over 6, 12 and 24 months.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this quasi-experimental controlled trial, 373 women aged 40-65 years were assigned to either a yoga or control group. Symptoms and hormone levels were assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 182 women completed at least 6 months of follow-up. The yoga group showed a significant reduction in the frequency of moderate-to-severe symptoms (Kupperman Index >19) across all time points. Median Kupperman scores decreased by 12 points (<i>p</i> < 0.001) at 6 months, 12 points (<i>p</i> = 0.008) at 12 months and 16.5 points (<i>p</i> = 0.027) at 24 months. Improvements were observed in hot flashes, insomnia, nervousness, depressive symptoms, fatigue, arthralgia/myalgia, headache, palpitations and tinnitus. After 24 months, the yoga group also showed significantly higher estrogen and total testosterone levels than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regular Shivam Yoga practice significantly reduced climacteric symptoms over 24 months. These benefits may be mediated by hormonal changes, positioning Shivam Yoga as a promising complementary therapy for menopausal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"285-292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145548472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ClimactericPub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2025.2548799
Saniye Koseoglu, Tevfik Yoldemir
{"title":"The association between day-to-day impact of vaginal aging and female sexual function.","authors":"Saniye Koseoglu, Tevfik Yoldemir","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2548799","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2548799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between the day-to-day impact of vaginal aging and female sexual function among postmenopausal Turkish women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The McCoy Female Sexuality Questionnaire (MFSQ) and the Day-to-Day Impact of Vaginal Aging (DIVA) questionnaire were distributed to 195 postmenopausal women. The most bothersome vulvovaginal symptoms were recorded. The scores for each of the MFSQ and DIVA domains were compared between women with moderate to severe symptoms and those with no or mild symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean scores for the MFSQ sexual interest and MFSQ partner satisfaction domains, the total MFSQ, and the total DIVA decreased as women got older. Women with moderate to severe pain with penetration had a lower score for the MFSQ sexual interest domain, and a higher score for the DIVA self-concept and body image domain. Women with moderate to severe dryness had a higher score for the MFSQ sexual interest domain, and a lower score for the DIVA self-concept and body image domain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The mean scores of each of the MFSQ and DIVA domains were not influenced by vulvovaginal symptoms such as itching, pain, and irritation. The mean scores of the MFSQ sexual interest and DIVA self-concept and body image domains differed with the severity of dryness and pain with penetration.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"248-255"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145029053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chai-shen powder treated perimenopausal syndrome through the PI3K-Akt/cAMP signaling pathway: integrated clinical analysis, network pharmacology, microRNA and animal experiment.","authors":"Anran Zheng, Liying Zhang, Yanxiao Jiang, Sulian Yu, Xiaoshuang Li, Chunchao Han","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2584056","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13697137.2025.2584056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanism of Chai-shen powder (CSP) in the treatment of perimenopausal syndrome (PMS) and to evaluate its clinical efficacy via clinical data mining, network pharmacology, bioinformatics and experimental verification.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A single-group before-after control study analyzed CSP efficacy in 100 PMS cases using data mining. PMS datasets were retrieved from the GEO database to screen for differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs). Their mRNA targets were predicted using miRDB and miRWalk. These targets were considered therapeutic targets for PMS. CSP targets were screened from databases. The active components and key targets were identified by network pharmacology. The most important targets were confirmed by molecular docking. The prediction results of network pharmacology were verified by experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data mining showed that the effective rate of CSP was 87.33%. Through bioinformatics and network pharmacology, 10 targets and nine chemical components were screened. CSP regulates hormone levels and inhibits ovarian injury of PMS through PI3K-Akt and cAMP signaling pathways and three key targets (SRC, PIK3CA and PRKACA).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical effective rate of CSP in this study was 87.33%. CSP may alleviate PMS by regulating hormone levels, mitigating ovarian injury and acting through multi-pathway, multi-target mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"300-317"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145741055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ClimactericPub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2026.2631502
Päivi Polo-Kantola, Mia Lindeberg, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg
{"title":"Transdermal estradiol spray in Nordic menopausal women: real-world patient outcomes.","authors":"Päivi Polo-Kantola, Mia Lindeberg, Angelica Lindén Hirschberg","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2026.2631502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2026.2631502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the impact of transdermal estrogen therapy on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and treatment tolerability in postmenopausal women in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A prospective, non-interventional study was conducted in Sweden and Finland. Participants used a spray delivering 1.53 mg of estradiol (E<sub>2</sub>) per 90 µl dose. HRQoL (measured using the Menopause Rating Scale [MRS]), dosing patterns and treatment satisfaction were assessed through web-based questionnaires at baseline, week 6 and week 12. Mixed-model repeated-measures analysis was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 249 participants (mean age 52.1 years), 165 (66.3%) completed the 12-week follow-up. Most women (67.2%) used one or two sprays daily. The mean MRS total score was 17.8 at baseline, and decreased by 8.6 points at week 6 (<i>p</i> = 0.012) and 9.9 points by week 12 (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Improvements were seen across all MRS domain scores (somatovegetative, psychological and urogenital), including hot flashes, sleep issues, depressive moods and sexual problems. Most participants reported satisfaction (78.8%), ease of use (95.2%) and willingness to recommend the spray to a friend (84.2%). No related adverse reactions were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The E<sub>2</sub> spray improved HRQoL and was well tolerated. Flexible dosing, ease of use and real-world effectiveness support that the spray is a practical, user-friendly treatment for menopausal symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147484862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ClimactericPub Date : 2026-03-16DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2026.2631509
Sara L Stockman, Caroline M Ayinon, Baraa Nawash, Nikita Desai, Lauren B Siegel, Soukaina Eljamri, Pouneh K Fazeli
{"title":"Age and diagnostic assessment of natural menopause in low-weight women.","authors":"Sara L Stockman, Caroline M Ayinon, Baraa Nawash, Nikita Desai, Lauren B Siegel, Soukaina Eljamri, Pouneh K Fazeli","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2026.2631509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2026.2631509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the age of natural menopause in low-weight women and assess how often laboratory evaluation confirms menopausal status.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted of 3000 women aged >50 years with a history of body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> seen at a large academic health system between 2004 and 2020. Women with indeterminate menopausal age, BMI ≥18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup> at menopause or known causes of early menopause were excluded. Clinical data including menopausal age, BMI, reproductive history and laboratory tests were extracted. Associations between BMI and menopausal age were analyzed using unadjusted and multivariable analyses controlling for tobacco use and age at menarche.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 239 women included, menopausal age correlated with BMI (<i>ρ</i> = 0.13, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and remained significant in multivariate regression (<i>p</i> = 0.02). Median menopausal age was 51 years for BMI 18.0 to <18.5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 50 years for BMI 17.0 to <18.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, 50 years for BMI 16.0 to <17.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and 48 years for BMI <16.0 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Only 30 women (12.6%) had postmenopausal follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) measured; 30% were below the diagnostic threshold for menopause (<25 mIU/ml).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low BMI is associated with earlier menopause. The substantial proportion of low-weight women classified as menopausal who had non-diagnostic FSH levels highlights the complexity of determining menopausal status and the potential for misclassification in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147467201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of menopausal symptoms in women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Orawin Vallibhakara, Nichar Sawatdichai, Sakda Arj-Ong Vallibhakara, Chutintorn Sriphrapradang, Makaramas Anantaburana","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2026.2631503","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2026.2631503","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms in women with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, between April 2023 and April 2024. A total of 599 women aged 40-70 years were enrolled and categorized by T2DM status. Menopausal symptoms were assessed using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and genitourinary symptoms using a genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 599 participants, 81 women (13.5%) had T2DM. Compared with non-diabetic women, those with T2DM had significantly higher odds of sexual problems (odds ratio [OR] 3.17, <i>p</i> < 0.001), vaginal dryness (OR 1.82, <i>p</i> = 0.04) and sleep disturbances (OR 2.04, <i>p</i> = 0.009). T2DM was also associated with greater genitourinary symptom severity (MRS domain, <i>p</i> = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Women with T2DM reported more frequent and severe menopausal symptoms, especially in the genitourinary and sleep domains. These findings support the need for integrated, symptom-specific evaluation in menopausal care for women with T2DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reproductive potential in mosaic Turner syndrome: impact of karyotype pattern and mosaicism ratio.","authors":"Yun Cheng, Hsin-Hsin Cheng, Chen-Hao Lee, Kun-Long Huang, Yu-Ju Lin, Te-Yao Hsu, Kuo-Chung Lan","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2026.2631499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2026.2631499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate reproductive potential in women with Turner syndrome (TS), focusing on 45,X/46,XX mosaicism and the impact of mosaic ratio on reproductive outcomes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study retrospectively analyzed 145 TS patients diagnosed postnatally by peripheral blood karyotyping from January 1990 to May 2023. Karyotypes were categorized into 45,X monosomy, 45,X mosaicism with Y chromosome and 45,X mosaicism without Y chromosome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predominant karyotype was 45,X/46,XX mosaicism (71.0%), accounting for most cases with preserved reproductive potential. Within this subgroup, spontaneous menarche (SM) occurred in 97.7% of cases with <40% 45,X cells, while 84.2% of pregnancies occurred in those with <10% 45,X cells. Among patients aged ≥15 years with mosaic karyotypes containing 46,XX and no structural abnormalities, SM occurred in 95.3% of those with <40% 45,X cells, but in none with ≥40% (<i>p</i> < 0.001). In contrast, cases of 45,X monosomy, Y-containing mosaicism, structural X abnormalities, 45,X/46,X with marker chromosomes or 45,X/47,XXX showed no pregnancies and minimal SM. Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) was the diagnostic indication in 34% of cases, likely enriching milder mosaicism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women with 45,X/46,XX mosaicism retain reproductive potential, particularly when 45,X cell ratios are low. Early diagnosis via peripheral blood karyotyping supports timely fertility counseling and ovarian care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147430966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ClimactericPub Date : 2026-03-10DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2026.2631512
Jeong-Hwa Seon, Ki-Ho Chung
{"title":"Oxidative balance score and periodontitis in postmenopausal women: a nationwide study.","authors":"Jeong-Hwa Seon, Ki-Ho Chung","doi":"10.1080/13697137.2026.2631512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2026.2631512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Menopause is a time of declining reproductive function in women, and hormonal changes can affect oral health and chronic diseases such as periodontitis. The oxidative balance score (OBS) indicates oxidative balance using diet and lifestyle habits. This is the first study to investigate the relationship between the OBS and periodontitis in postmenopausal women.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 16,489 participants from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Modified Poisson regression was used to examine the effect of the OBS on periodontitis in postmenopausal women, adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The OBS was 17.66 ± 0.13 in the presence of periodontitis and 18.42 ± 0.10 in the absence of periodontitis. In the fully adjusted model, higher OBS quartiles were associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis (Q2, prevalence ratio [PR] = 0.899; Q3, PR = 0.941; Q4, PR = 0.800). When divided into components, lifestyle OBS showed a significant inverse association with periodontitis (PR = 0.786, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.638-0.970), whereas dietary OBS did not (PR = 0.952, 95% CI: 0.804-1.127).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In postmenopausal women, an increase in the OBS due to a healthy diet and lifestyle is associated with periodontal health. A low OBS may be considered a potential risk indicator for periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10213,"journal":{"name":"Climacteric","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147431022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}