Clinica Chimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"The KCNB2 gene and its role in neurodevelopmental disorders: Implications for genetics and therapeutic advances","authors":"Zakaria Ahmed Mohamed ,&nbsp;Jinghua Li ,&nbsp;Jianping Wen ,&nbsp;Feiyong Jia ,&nbsp;Santasree Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are increasingly linked to genetic mutations that disrupt key neuronal processes. The <em>KCNB2</em> gene encodes a crucial component of voltage-gated potassium channels, essential for regulating neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission. Mutations in <em>KCNB2</em> typically alter potassium channel inactivation, leading to various NDDs, including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), intellectual disabilities (ID), and epilepsy. This narrative review synthesizes findings from genetic, molecular, and clinical studies on the <em>KCNB2</em> gene and its role in NDDs. Relevant literature was identified through database searches in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on studies that examine <em>KCNB2′s</em> molecular mechanisms, pathogenic mutations, and clinical implications in NDDs. In addition to its role in excitability, <em>KCNB2′s</em> impact on cognitive processes, such as memory and attention, is considered, highlighting the need for further research. Potential interventions, including pharmacological modulation and gene therapy, are also discussed. Future research should focus on characterizing <em>KCNB2</em> variants, expanding genetic screening, and advancing targeted therapies to improve outcomes for individuals affected by <em>KCNB2</em>-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120056"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging supported liquid extraction and automated workflow for high efficiency and high quality clinical LC-MS/MS method for quantification of urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA)","authors":"Difei Sun ,&nbsp;Dawn-Marie Murphy McLean ,&nbsp;Jan Palaty ,&nbsp;Danijela Konforte","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Aims</h3><div>5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) and homovanillic acid (HVA) are neurotransmitter metabolites used for the diagnosis and monitoring of neuroendocrine tumors. This study’s objective was to apply automation to improve efficiency and quality of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) procedure for quantification of 5-HIAA, VMA and HVA in human urine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>5-HIAA, VMA and HVA in urine samples were extracted with automated supported liquid extraction (SLE) and quantified by LC-MS/MS utilizing scheduled multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). An in-house developed middleware was used to automate data analysis and reporting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average recovery for 5-HIAA, VMA and HVA in different types of urine matrix varied between 92.5 % and 99.0 %, while the average matrix factor varied between 98.6 % and 103.4 %. The results of other validation studies: stability, sensitivity, analytical measurement range, selectivity, accuracy, precision, dilution verification, carryover, and method comparison all met the performance criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Automated SLE is a suitable sample preparation technique for quantification of 5-HIAA, VMA and HVA in human urine. Workflow automation described in this study resulted in 54 % of overall time savings and 80 % of hands-on time savings compared to all manual approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urinary titin reflects the severity of walking ability, muscle strength, and muscle and cardiac damage in patients with Becker muscular dystrophy","authors":"Hiroyuki Awano ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Nambu ,&nbsp;Kayo Osawa ,&nbsp;Taku Shirakawa ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Matsumura ,&nbsp;Akiko Wakisaka ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kuru ,&nbsp;Michinori Funato ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Takeshima ,&nbsp;Keiko Ishigaki ,&nbsp;Michio Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Tatsuharu Sato ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Fujii ,&nbsp;Kazuma Sugie ,&nbsp;Koichi Kimura ,&nbsp;Hirofumi Komaki ,&nbsp;Akinori Nakamura ,&nbsp;Masafumi Matsuo","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a dystrophinopathy caused by a pathological variant of the <em>DMD</em> gene. Urinary titin, a degradation product of the giant protein titin present in muscle sarcomeres, has been used as a biomarker to reflect muscle degradation in Duchenne muscular dystrophy, a more severe dystrophinopathy. However, the clinical significance of urinary titin levels in BMD remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between urinary titin levels and the clinical data in patients with BMD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Urine samples were collected from 123 patients with BMD, and urinary titin levels were measured. The association of urinary titin with clinical data, including age, physical measurements, physical activity, blood tests, and cardiopulmonary test results, was examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 257 urine samples were obtained from patients of 5–79 years of age. The median urinary titin level was 72.6 pmol/mg Cr (range 0.2–4325.0 pmol/mg Cr). No strong correlation was found between urinary titin levels and age, physical measurements, physical function, blood test results, or cardiopulmonary function. However, on comparing clinical data between the age-matched high urinary titin (N = 94) and normal (N = 29) groups, the high urinary titin group had a significantly greater number of non-ambulatory cases (23.9 % vs. 3.6 %), weaker grip strength (16.3 vs. 32.0 kg), and higher serum creatine kinase (1072 vs. 398 U/L) and cardiac troponin I (10.6 vs. 2.5 pg/mL) levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Urinary titin was identified as a biomarker reflecting walking ability, muscle strength, and skeletal and cardiac damage in patients with BMD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-coding RNA biosensors for early detection of brain cancer","authors":"Yousof karami ,&nbsp;Sajad Ehtiati ,&nbsp;Hassan Ghasemi ,&nbsp;Maedeh Rafiee ,&nbsp;Maryam Zamani Sani ,&nbsp;Seyed Edris Hosseini ,&nbsp;Hossein Moradi Kazerouni ,&nbsp;Ahmad Movahedpour ,&nbsp;Saleh Aiiashi ,&nbsp;Seyyed Hossein Khatami","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brain cancer remains a formidable challenge with limited treatment options. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their dysregulation in tumorigenesis. This review explores the potential of biosensors for early detection of brain cancer by targeting ncRNAs. We discuss the classification and functions of ncRNAs, emphasizing their involvement in key cancer-related processes. Additionally, we delve into recent advancements in biosensor technology, focusing on their ability to accurately detect specific ncRNA biomarkers associated with brain cancer. Our findings underscore the potential of biosensors to revolutionize brain cancer diagnosis, enabling personalized medicine and improving patient outcomes. Future research should focus on refining biosensor technology and expanding their clinical application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoparticle electrochemical biosensors for virus detection","authors":"Anandavalli Baskar ,&nbsp;Keerthana Madhivanan ,&nbsp;Raji Atchudan ,&nbsp;Sandeep Arya ,&nbsp;Ashok K. Sundramoorthy","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viruses pose a significant threat to global public health, underscoring the urgent need for rapid, accurate, and sensitive diagnostic methods for timely detection and intervention. The demand for efficient diagnostics that can detect a wide range of viral pathogens has never been greater. In this context, metal nanoparticle-based biosensors have emerged as a promising solution, offering exceptional sensitivity for detecting various analytes, including nucleic acids (DNA/RNA), proteins, and other biomarkers associated with pathogens. These biosensors are particularly critical for the development of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools, enabling early detection of infectious agents. This review explores recent advancements in nanoparticle (NP)-based biosensors that utilize noble metals like gold (Au), silver (Ag), and platinum (Pt) for viral pathogen detection, focusing on viruses such as SARS-CoV, HIV, hepatitis, influenza, and Zika. It highlights the role of NP-based electrochemical sensors and compares traditional and contemporary detection techniques. The review also examines key performance metrics such as limits of detection (LOD), linear detection ranges, cost-effectiveness, and accessibility, with a special emphasis on their application in POC diagnostics. The aim is to provide researchers with valuable insights into the development of next-generation NP-based biosensors, facilitating the creation of innovative diagnostic technologies for viral diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120054"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol quantification in human plasma and urine by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry: Validation, analysis and application in a reference population and patients with adrenal incidentalomas","authors":"Andressa Cristina dos Santos Marques ,&nbsp;Bruna Brito ,&nbsp;Jéssica Gorett Brito Fontes ,&nbsp;Gabriel Reis Alves Carneiro ,&nbsp;João Felipe Dickson Rebelo ,&nbsp;Aline Barbosa Moraes ,&nbsp;Leonardo Vieira Neto ,&nbsp;Monica Costa Padilha","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone, which is involved in cardiovascular, metabolic, inflammatory and behavioral processes in the human body. Immunoassays, used for routine analysis of analytes, usually lead to erroneous quantification due to the low specificity of these methods. In this study, we developed LC-MS/MS methods with surrogating matrices for evaluating cortisol in both urine and plasma samples and validated them according to Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency guidelines. Urine samples were prepared with an enzymatic hydrolysis stage, followed by a solid-phase extraction (C18 cartridges) using dichloromethane:methanol 9:1 as elution solvent. Plasma samples were prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile, using 50 μL of sample. HPLC was performed using a C8 column under 300 mL min⁻¹ flow gradient conditions with water and methanol, both containing 5 mM ammonium formate and 0.1 % formic acid. Mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization in positive mode and selected reaction monitoring as detection technique were employed. Calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of 1–200 ng mL-1 for urine (r² = 0.9950) and 0.5–300 ng mL-1 for plasma (r² = 0.9970). The methods were selective, showed suitable precision, accuracy, and sensibility (limit of quantification = 0.85 ng mL⁻¹ for urine and 0.15 ng mL⁻¹ for plasma). Validated methods were successful applied to 22 real samples and a cohort of patients [n = 63 urines and n = 79 plasmas (from the Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil)].</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation and validation of antibody 42B1 recognizing galactose-deficient IgG for diagnosis of chronic inflammatory diseases","authors":"Naoki Morishima ,&nbsp;Maki Iwaisako ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Kamada ,&nbsp;Miyako Nakano ,&nbsp;Masafumi Shiida ,&nbsp;Tatsuya Ono ,&nbsp;Reika Sonoda ,&nbsp;Risa Uemura ,&nbsp;Daisuke Sakon ,&nbsp;Munefumi Shimosaka ,&nbsp;Shinji Takamatsu ,&nbsp;Jumpei Kondo ,&nbsp;Takeo Yoshihara ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Shinzaki ,&nbsp;Eiji Mita ,&nbsp;Tetsuo Takehara ,&nbsp;Takashi Kumada ,&nbsp;Makoto Yamada ,&nbsp;Eiji Miyoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Galactose-deficient (agalactosyl) IgG is significantly increased in the serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and autoantibodies against it are used in clinical tests. Subsequent studies also show increased agalactosyl IgG in many chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we generated antibody 42B1 recognizing agalactosyl IgG and developed a new method to evaluate chronic inflammatory diseases with it. Using an ELISA with antibody 42B1, we measured serum levels of agalactosyl IgG in 32 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 60 patients with chronic liver disease, 60 patients with chronic pancreatitis, and 32 subjects undergoing health checkups who did not have IBD. Serum agalactosyl IgG levels were increased in all patients with chronic inflammations and partially correlated with clinical parameters. Among the subjects undergoing health checkups, some subjects showed a 15 % elevation of serum agalactosyl IgG levels, suggesting possible latent chronic inflammation. Future studies will examine the 42B1 antibody ELISA in various autoimmune diseases. Altogether, the 42B1 antibody for determination of serum agalactosyl IgG levels is a novel diagnostic tool for chronic inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120052"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of glycation biomarkers in human fingernails by isotope-dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)","authors":"Frédéric J. Tessier ,&nbsp;Sarahi Jaramillo Ortiz ,&nbsp;Dinh Hieu Nguyen ,&nbsp;Kamel Mohammedi ,&nbsp;Cécile Delcourt ,&nbsp;Catherine Helmer ,&nbsp;Mélanie Le Goff ,&nbsp;Eric Boulanger ,&nbsp;Vincent Rigalleau ,&nbsp;Michael Howsam","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycation is a non-enzymatic, post-translational modification of proteins which is elevated in several pathologies, notably diabetes. An early-stage glycation product, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), is used in the clinical management of diabetes, and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are implicated in the etiology of diabetic complications. Fingernail clippings contain a time-integrated repository of several metabolic processes during the preceding 3–5 months, are easily sampled, and various elements and molecules have been shown to remain stable within them for long periods without refrigeration.</div><div>Building upon a few underexploited studies, we investigated fingernails as a non-invasive matrix to assess glycation using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry to quantify ungual biomarkers of early- and advanced glycation (respectively furosine, as a fructose-lysine derivative, and two AGEs (N<em>^ε</em>-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and N<em>^ε</em>-carboxyethyllysine (CEL)). The method was appropriately validated and provided accurate and precise measurements of two amino acids and the glycation biomarkers. Sample storage at ± 25 °C for 12 months had no effect upon these analytes, and the method was applied to fingernails from 87 people with diabetes.</div><div>There was a moderate, linear correlation between ungual furosine concentrations and HbA1c at the time of nail sampling (<strong><em>r_s</em></strong> = 0.339, <em>p</em> = 0.0011). Among subjects for whom previous measurements were available, there was no correlation between ungual glycation and HbA1c measured &gt; 3 months before nail sampling, indicating that ungual furosine reflects early-stage glycation over a similar period to HbA1c. This study provides further evidence, using modern analytical techniques, that fingernails offer the possibility to quantitatively and non-invasively assess glycation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120036"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrochemical biosensors for dopamine","authors":"Hang Zhu ,&nbsp;Guifen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dopamine (DA), a key catecholamine, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of human cognition and emotions. It has profound effects on the hormonal, memory, and cardiovascular systems. Anomalies like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, schizophrenia, and senile dementia are linked to abnormal DA levels. Consequently, the precise determination of DA levels in biological systems is critical for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of these disorders. Among all analytical techniques, electrochemical studies provide the most selective and highly sensitive methods for detecting DA in biological samples. Ascorbic acid and uric acid are two examples of small biomolecules that can obstruct the detection of DA in biological fluids. To address this issue, numerous attempts have been made to modify bare electrodes to separate the signals of these substances and enhance the electrocatalytic activity towards DA. Various surface modifiers, including coatings, conducting polymers, ionic liquids, nanomaterials, and inorganic complexes, have been employed in the modification process. Despite the reported success in DA detection using electrochemical sensors, many of these approaches are deemed too complex and costly for real-world applications. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of DA electrochemical biosensors that are practical for real-world applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142643878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-center study on the application potential of Siaα-2,6Gal in early and differential diagnosis of lung cancer","authors":"Si Yue ,&nbsp;Yuhan Chen ,&nbsp;Wenhao Cui ,&nbsp;Xiuwei Lu ,&nbsp;Yuhuan Shen ,&nbsp;Feifei Zhou ,&nbsp;Jinju Guan ,&nbsp;Jierong Chen ,&nbsp;Qiuyuan Wen ,&nbsp;Yongjian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2024.120031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the application potential of the abnormal glycan structure Siaα-2,6Gal in the early and differential diagnosis of lung cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical data and serum samples from 730 patients and 120 healthy individuals participating in clinical trials on Siaα-2,6Gal were collected at three medical centers between January 2022 and June 2023. The levels of Siaα-2,6Gal, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen (CYFRA21-1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) in serum were measured. The application potentials of these markers in the early and differential diagnosis, classification, and staging of lung cancer were explored.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>(1) Serum Siaα-2,6Gal levels in the lung cancer group were 2,606 (1,970–3,458) U/mL, significantly higher than those in the benign lung disease, miscellaneous malignant tumor, miscellaneous benign disease, and healthy individual groups at 1,359 (950–1,528), 1,252 (903–1,532), 1,196 (850–1,490), and 1,210 (1,100–1,287) U/mL (P &lt; 0.0001). (2) Serum Siaα-2,6Gal levels in the early-stage lung cancer (stages 0–II) group were 2,576 (1,929–3,338) U/mL, significantly higher than those in the benign pulmonary nodule group at 1,419 (1,105–1,820) U/mL (P &lt; 0.0001). (3) Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that Siaα-2,6Gal had a high diagnostic efficiency for lung cancer (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.9217), significantly superior to CEA, CYFRA21-1, SCC, NSE, and ProGRP (AUCs of 0.6618, 0.6605, 0.5783, 0.5985, and 0.6381).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Siaα-2,6Gal is a promising biomarker for lung cancer diagnosis and may offer superior differential diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer from benign pulmonary nodules compared to traditional tumor markers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 120031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}