Clinica Chimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"Novel biomarkers in bone pathophysiology: Establishing reference intervals and biological variations estimates for serum leptin, sclerostin, lipocalin-2, osteoprotegerin, resistin and Dickkopf-related protein-1 from the European biological variation study (EuBIVAS) populations.","authors":"Veronica Sansoni, Giovanni Lombardi, Jorge Díaz-Garzón, Pilar Fernández Calle, William A Bartlett, Abdurrahman Coşkun, Outi Itkonen, Niels Jonker, Sverre Sandberg, Aasne K Aarsand, Giuseppe Banfi, Anna Carobene","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2025.120213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A range of biomarkers of bone metabolism are thought to mediate adipose tissue-bone crosstalk and fulfil a homeostatic role. While considered clinically relevant, their utility, and application appears limited by lack of data characterising biological variability and reference intervals rather than by analytical issues. We have therefore studied the biological variation (BV) of these biomarkers. Concentrations of Dikkopf-related protein 1, leptin, osteoprotegerin, sclerostin, lipocalin2 (Lcn2) and resistin were measured by Luminex assays in serum samples from the EuBIVAS study. Samples were taken once per week, over 10 consecutive weeks, from 91 subjects in cohorts from 5 European countries. Estimates of analytical variation (CV_A), within-subject (CV_I) and between-subject (CV_G) BV were calculated and analytical imprecision (CV_APS) and analytical bias (B_APS) specifications, index of individuality (II), reference change values (RCV) for increase and decrease and the number of samples required to estimate the homeostatic set points (NHSPs) were derived. Mean concentrations differed between males and females for leptin, osteoprotegerin, and sclerostin, and for osteoprotegerin and sclerostin between females in fertile and menopausal ages. No male-to-female differences were observed in CV_I estimates. Index of individuality was below 0.6, for all measurands. Determination of reference intervals (RI) limits indicated that all, with the exception Lcn2, described data which were non-gaussian distributed and that only leptin differed between sexes. Availability of high-quality biological variation enables objective assessment of the bone metabolism biomarker results which may enhance their clinical utility. The data indicates that they exhibit significant individuality.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"120213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-module ratio as a patient-based real-time quality control index for small shift detection and comparative assay.","authors":"Yuanyuan Li, Xiaoling Chen, Ying Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2025.120214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Irregular fluctuations in patient data affect patient-based real-time quality control (PBRTQC) performance. Moreover, results among multiple instruments can be inconsistent. Here, we explored a simple index, double-module ratio, to improve PBRTQC performance through overcoming irregular fluctuations, and ensure consistency across multiple instruments in real time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Laboratory results from the same departments tested centrally such that the original patient data fluctuated irregularly during the day were included. Albumin (Alb), calcium (Ca), cholinesterase (ChE), and total protein (TP) indexes derived from a single module were processed through conventional PBRTQC. The ratios calculated from PBRTQC data of two modules were defined as double-module ratios (R_Alb, R_Ca, R_ChE, and R_TP). The four index pairs were compared using various PBRTQC procedures, including conventional algorithms: moving average (MA), moving median, exponentially weighted MA, and moving standard deviation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All four ratios (R_Alb, R_Ca, R_ChE, and R_TP) were more powerful in identifying system error (SE) than their counterparts (Alb, Ca, ChE, and TP). These improvements were proportional to the degree of reduction in QC data variation after ratios were taken. In particular, R_Alb, R_Ca, and R_TP could aid in detecting small SEs (about <1.5 folds of the allowable total errors) significantly. Although ChE demonstrated almost no surveillance capacity for negative SEs, R_ChE demonstrated a significant improvement. The impact of the ratios on random error detection was dependent on the indexes and PBRTQC parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As a PBRTQC index, double-module ratios can facilitate small shift detection and ensure result consistency among various modules in real time.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"120214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and treatment of thalassemia","authors":"Yue Su ,&nbsp;Jiahao Xie ,&nbsp;Junjia He ,&nbsp;Yeyu Shen ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Weitao Huang ,&nbsp;Xiangmin Tong ,&nbsp;Qiong Bian","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thalassemia refers to a collection of inherited conditions that lead to the production of abnormal hemoglobin, resulting from defects in the synthesis of globin chains. Currently, there is no definitive cure for thalassemia; therefore, early screening for thalassemia is the focus of clinical research. In recent years, thalassemia screening technology has been continuously developed, leading to updates in screening methods and significant improvements in accuracy. Genetic testing and hemoglobin electrophoresis are more popular in high-resource areas, effectively reducing the birth rate of children with severe thalassemia. This review summarizes current research on thalassemia screening from the perspectives of premarital, prenatal, and neonatal screening. In addition, the latest research on treatment of thalassemia has been concluded from the induction of fetal hemoglobin to gene therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 120211"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of midregional proadrenomedullin to predict mortality in intensive care unit","authors":"Luisa Agnello ,&nbsp;Fabio Del Ben ,&nbsp;Andrea Cortegiani ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Biundo ,&nbsp;Aurora Giglia ,&nbsp;Caterina Maria Gambino ,&nbsp;Marcello Ciaccio","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study explores the value of midregional proadrenomedullin (mr-proADM), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and presepsin (PSP) in predicting mortality, considering both their absolute values at different time points and their dynamic kinetics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective observational study including all consecutive adult ICU admissions. Biomarkers were measured at admission (T0), day 3 (T3), and day 5 (T5). We assessed absolute values, relative variations, and categorized changes (≥50 % increase or decrease).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 99 patients were included. mr-proADM at T3 had the highest predictive value for ICU mortality (AUC = 0.77), followed by PSP at T3 (AUC = 0.70). Cox regression identified mr-proADM at T3 as an independent predictor of mortality (HR: 1.16, p &lt; 0.001), with a ≥ 50 % increase in mr-proADM from T0 to T3 significantly associated with mortality risk (HR: 4.15, p &lt; 0.001). In patients with low baseline mr-proADM levels, a ≥ 50 % increase at T3 was significantly associated with mortality (HR: 4.43, p = 0.04), while in those with high baseline levels, the absolute value at T3 was more predictive.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that mr-proADM at T3 is the most informative biomarker for predicting ICU mortality, with its absolute value and dynamic increase providing valuable prognostic insights. Importantly, stratified analysis highlights that different risk stratification approaches may be necessary based on baseline mr-proADM levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 120212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of volatilomic analysis by electronic nose for the detection of women with preeclampsia at high risk of developing chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Karen Beatriz Méndez-Rodríguez, Luis Manuel Ramírez-Gómez, César Arturo Ilizaliturri Hernández, Jaime Antonio Borjas-García, Kelvin Saldaña-Villanueva, Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2025.120205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-eclampsia is a systemic disorder of pregnancy. Nowadays, there is no single clinical tool to identify women at risk of developing CKD after pre-eclampsia. The objective of this study was to create a statistical predictive model for chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk screening in patients with pre-eclampsia and persistent albuminuria by detecting global metabolite patterns in urine through the Cyranose® 320 electronic nose.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 22 pregnant women without risk factors for pre-eclampsia, 25 pregnant women with risk factors for pre-eclampsia, and 25 patients with diagnostic criteria for pre-eclampsia and 23 with CKD at the time of the study. There were analyzed urine samples by an electronic nose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A natural variation between the study groups was verified through a PERMANOVA with a significant difference (F = 6.37, p < 0.0003). The statistical predictive model, performed through a Canonical analysis of principal coordinated (CAP), allowed correct classification of 68.4 % between all groups with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0001). This study achieved discrimination between groups based on the metabolomic pattern present in urine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The generated model can be a potential tool in the timely detection of patients with preeclampsia who are at high risk of developing chronic kidney disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"120205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The calculated and the rapid equilibrium dialyzed human serum free testosterone by LC-MS/MS and their performances in PCOS diagnosis.","authors":"Menghua Rao, Zaixin Guo, Heng Dong, Chung Shun Ho, Xiuru Chen, Jin Li, Xinyu Hong, Yang You, Yanfang Hao, Pan Hu, Xuhui She, Qi Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2025.120210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the calculated and the rapid equilibrium dialyzed (ED) human serum free testosterone (FT) by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and to explore their performances in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A rapid ED LC-MS/MS method for serum FT was established and validated for linearity, lower limit of the measuring interval (LLMI), imprecision, trueness, stability, dilution, matrix specificity and carryover. The validated ED LC-MS/MS (ED-FT) was compared with calculated LC-MS/MS method from Vermeulen's formula (cFT) for FT measurement in 139 PCOS patients and 100 healthy controls. The performances of total testosterone (TT), ED-FT and cFT by LC-MS/MS in PCOS diagnosis were investigated with the same cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The linearity range of ED-FT was 1.74---890 pmol/L, with a LLMI at 1.74 pmol/L. The intra-assay and inter-assay imprecision were < 3.8 % and < 5.9 %. The trueness was acceptable with recoveries of 92.9 % - 108.2 %. The equilibrium dialysis time was 4 h. The two FT methods displayed systematic and proportional differences and cFT showed significant positive deviations compared to ED-FT. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis proved that ED-FT outperformanced in PCOS diagnosis with the an area under the curve at 0.973, sensitivity of 89.93 % and specificity of 96.00 %.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study established a rapid, accurate and sensitive ED LC-MS/MS method for serum FT. ED-FT is optimal compared to TT and cFT by LC-MS/MS in PCOS diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"120210"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing HIV testing: Comparing diagnostic signatures and assay performance in ART-treated and general screening populations","authors":"Qian Liu ,&nbsp;Xinru Liu ,&nbsp;Le Chang ,&nbsp;Huimin Ji ,&nbsp;Huizhen Sun ,&nbsp;Ying Yan ,&nbsp;Junjie Xu ,&nbsp;Lunan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120207","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Accurate and early HIV detection is crucial for improving outcomes and controlling transmission. This study compares HIV marker patterns and evaluates detection assay performance in general screening and ART-treated populations to enhance diagnostic accuracy and public health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 196 blood donor samples that were initially reactive in blood center screening were collected across 17 provinces in China, along with 126 ART samples from people living with HIV (PLWH). HIV RNA, Ag/Ab, and western blot were conducted in both groups. CD4 T cell counts were assessed in PLWH. The performance of two antigen detection kits (Wantai, Livzon) and eight Ag/Ab kits (Roche, Abbott, KHB, InTec, Wantai, Livzon, Murex, Bio-rad) were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the ART group, all samples were Ag/Ab positive, with 32.5 % (41/126) having undetectable viral loads; NAT-positive samples showed a higher rate of complete bands in western blot compared to NAT-negative group (42.5 % vs 15.4 %, <em>P</em> = 0.021), while p17, p39, and p31 bands were often absent. 90.8 % (178/196) of blood donors were NAT-positive and Ag/Ab-positive. 4.6 % (9/196) of blood donors were NAT-positive but Ag/Ab-negative, these samples were also tested as NAT-only reactive in screening at blood centers, often showing only a p24 band or negative result in WB, indicating early acute infection. 3.6 % (7/196) of blood donors were confirmed as NAT-negative but Ag/Ab-positive, hinting that a small group on ART might attempt to donate blood. HIV serological kits showed 100 % positivity in the ART group. Fourth-generation kits, particularly the Roche Ag/Ab kit, showed the highest sensitivity (95.2 %) for NAT-positive donors.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study highlights critical differences in HIV detection between ART-treated individuals and general screening populations, emphasizing the need for tailored diagnostic strategies to ensure blood transfusion safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 120207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteopontin in rheumatic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Stefano Zoroddu ,&nbsp;Biagio Di Lorenzo ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Paliogiannis ,&nbsp;Arduino A. Mangoni ,&nbsp;Ciriaco Carru ,&nbsp;Angelo Zinellu","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Osteopontin (OPN), a glycoprotein involved in immune regulation and inflammation, is a potential candidate biomarker for rheumatic diseases (RDs). However, variability across studies limits its clinical utility. This <em>meta</em>-analysis evaluated OPN concentrations in RD patients compared to healthy controls and explored sources of heterogeneity. A systematic search identified 37 studies (43 comparator groups) including 3,201 RD patients and 2,543 controls. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated, and subgroup and <em>meta</em>-regression analyses examined the modulating role of demographic and clinical variables. Publication bias was assessed using Begg’s and Egger’s tests. OPN concentrations were significantly higher in RD patients than controls (SMD = 1.54, 95 % CI: 1.17–1.90, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed consistent elevations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, SMD = 0.97, I² = 0 %) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA, SMD = 0.70, I² = 92.5 %), with osteoarthritis showing the largest effect size (SMD = 4.02). Age significantly moderated OPN concentrations (<em>p</em> = 0.030). Although publication bias was detected (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), removing seven studies eliminated bias and maintained significant between-group differences (SMD = 0.78, 95 % CI: 0.62–0.93; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). The high concentrations of OPN support its possible use as a candidate biomarker for RDs, particularly in SLE and RA. Resolution of heterogeneity and standardization may improve its clinical utility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 120209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143479194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute kidney injury and energy metabolism","authors":"Mingkang Zhang ,&nbsp;Yanrong Ma ,&nbsp;Yongwen Jin ,&nbsp;Yazhi Wang ,&nbsp;Xin’an Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute kidney injury (AKI) predominantly affects hospitalized patients, particularly those in intensive care units, and has emerged as a significant global public health concern. Several factors, including severe cardiovascular disease, surgery-induced renal ischemia, nephrotoxic drugs, and sepsis, contribute to the development of AKI. Despite the implementation of various clinical strategies to prevent or treat AKI, its morbidity and mortality remain high, and there are no clinically effective therapeutic agents available. The limitations of traditional renal function markers (such as urine output, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels), including their delayed response and insensitivity, underscore the urgent need for novel early biomarkers to facilitate the timely diagnosis of AKI. The proximal tubular epithelial cells in the kidney play a central role in both the onset and progression of AKI. These cells are highly metabolically active and have a substantial energy demand, primarily relying on fatty acid oxidation to meet their energy needs. Acylcarnitines are crucial in transporting fatty acids from the cytoplasm into the mitochondrial matrix for β-oxidation, which generates energy essential for maintaining cellular function and viability. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of AKI, including its triggers, classification, underlying mechanisms, and potential biomarkers. Special emphasis is placed on the role of fatty acid and carnitine metabolism in AKI, with the goal of providing a theoretical foundation for future investigations into AKI mechanisms and the identification of early diagnostic biomarkers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 120208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision diagnostics for psychotic major depression: Construction and validation of a clinical indicator-based model","authors":"Weiquan Huang ,&nbsp;Lanqing Li ,&nbsp;Yan Jiang ,&nbsp;Qinqin Lou ,&nbsp;Junli Gao ,&nbsp;Chunyan Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Differentiating psychotic major depression (PMD) from non-PMD (NPMD) is crucial as it influences treatment decisions, prognosis, and patient outcomes. This study aims to develop an efficient model for precision diagnostics of PMD based on clinical indicators.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 731 patients who visited our hospital with major depression (MD) were enrolled, including a discovery cohort and a validation cohort. We retrospectively analyzed the distribution differences of 20 clinical indicators in the discovery cohort. We included differential clinical indicators (DCIs) in the logistic regression algorithm analysis to establish a multi-panel detection model. The model’s performance in distinguishing PMD from NPMD and in distinguishing bipolar MD from MD was validated in the validation cohort by the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC), the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We have constructed a six-DCIs diagnosis model (6MP) based on the discovery cohort. The AUC of 6MP for identifying PMD and NPMD was 0.826, and the sensitivity and specificity were 87.5 % and 70.59 %, respectively. In the validation cohort, the AUC for identifying PMD and NPMD was 0.781, and the sensitivity and specificity were 78.99 % and 67.31 %. The AUC for identifying bipolar MD and MD without psychotic symptoms was 0.716, and the sensitivity and specificity were 60.71 % and 76.92 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study not only provides new tools for the precise diagnosis and treatment of PMD but also hopes to simplify the diagnostic process, improve the specificity of treatment, and thus bring more practical clinical benefits to patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"570 ","pages":"Article 120204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143464941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}