Clinica Chimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"Reference ranges for select elements and metals in healthy biomatrices","authors":"Mohammad Hassan Emami ,&nbsp;Safoora Mohammadzadeh ,&nbsp;Nasrin Zare ,&nbsp;Farideh Saberi ,&nbsp;Alireza Fahim ,&nbsp;Owais Yousuf ,&nbsp;Zakieh Keshavarzi ,&nbsp;Pouria Samadi ,&nbsp;Samane Mohammadzadeh ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Maghool","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction/Objective</h3><div>This review aimed to consolidate and compare reference values (RVs) for various elements and metals in biological samples from healthy populations worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Web of Science/PubMed/Scopus review was conducted. Original articles in the English language, from January 2012 to February 2022, with at least 120 participants and 3 evaluated elements, and biological samples of whole blood, serum, plasma, umbilical cord, and hair included in this review.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety-nine studies were screened and assessed, and eventually, 29 eligible studies from 15 countries and a total recruitment of 26,676 healthy subjects, ages ranging from zero to 80 years were included in this review. The results of evaluating 36 trace/micro/meso/macro/ toxic metals and elements in biological fluids and hair were extracted from eligible studies. Several indicators include reference range (lower, upper), arithmetic and geometric mean, median, percentile (lower, upper), and confidence interval (CI) 95 % of evaluated elements were reported. Due to geographical conditions, different demographic factors, and different analytical methodologies, the results of the analysis were various in different countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review points out the necessity for localized RVs and standardized methodologies for accurate clinical evaluations and bio-monitoring. The findings call for extensive studies across diverse populations to develop comprehensive RVs for elements and metals, ensuring effective health assessments and environmental exposure controls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"575 ","pages":"Article 120331"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unique motif Sequences for early diagnosis of preeclampsia","authors":"Farizky Martriano Humardani ,&nbsp;Agustina Tri Endharti ,&nbsp;Ratih Asmana Ningrum ,&nbsp;I Wayan Arsana Wiyasa ,&nbsp;Lisa Thalia Mulyanata ,&nbsp;Yulanda Antonius ,&nbsp;Jonathan Jonathan ,&nbsp;Sulistyo Emantoko Dwi Putra","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120339","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120339","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preeclampsia (PE) is a disease that significantly impacts both maternal and infant health with its prevalence varying across different ethnicities. Current diagnostic methods for PE typically identify the condition after 20 weeks of gestation, often when the disease has already manifested and reached an advanced stage. The situation underscores the urgent need for early biomarkers capable of effective screening and diagnosis. Our review addresses this challenge by utilizing bioinformatics approaches as an alternative method prior to preclinical and clinical studies. Specifically, we focus on FRAGmentomics-based Methylation Analysis (FRAGMA), targeting the CGCGCGG sequence motif for methylation studies in cell-free DNA (cfDNA). Since cfDNA is largely derived from the placenta, the FRAGMA approach is particularly promising, given that the primary pathophysiology of PE originates in the placenta, and methylation patterns are unique to specific tissues. In the previous research, we identified 66 genes containing this sequence motif that are implicated in the pathophysiology of PE, and only six genes – FN1, ITGA2, ITGA5, ITGB1, ITGB3, and VWF – show potential as early detection biomarkers for PE. These genes still require further investigation to confirm their utility as biomarkers for PE in the future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120339"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sample-in- result -out microfluidic system for β-thalassemia diagnostics via direct whole blood PCR-reverse dot blot","authors":"Chao Ye ,&nbsp;Yan Wei ,&nbsp;Yilian Zhao ,&nbsp;Tan Tan ,&nbsp;Youqiong Li ,&nbsp;Xigui Long ,&nbsp;Huiyuan Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Zhou ,&nbsp;Mengru Xie ,&nbsp;Jilin Qing ,&nbsp;Zhizhong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Existing thalassemia detection methods demand high − end labs and have complex procedures, leading to long testing cycles. This study aims to develop a convenient detection method integrated with a microfluidic platform for a sample − to − result process. Method: First, optimal conditions for the whole blood direct PCR − reverse dot hybridization (dPCR − RDB) system were explored. Then, its performance was evaluated with clinical samples. Finally, the entire process was integrated into a palm − sized microfluidic chip for “sample − in, result − out” detection. Result: A stable dPCR − RDB system was established. Clinical verification on 149 samples showed a 0.1 μl whole − blood minimum detection limit, 100 % specificity, and resistance to high triglyceride and bilirubin levels. It had 100 % positive and negative coincidence rates with traditional methods (kappa = 1). The microfluidic − integrated platform achieved “sample − in, result − out” with 0.5–1 μl blood in 130 min, sans a PCR lab.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A “sample − in, result − out” microfluidic gene detection platform using whole blood as the template was successfully established.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored pharmacotherapy monitoring in Parkinson’s disease and Schizophrenia using a rapid and sensitive α-Synuclein assay","authors":"Neelam Upadhyay ,&nbsp;Manjari Tripathi ,&nbsp;Rakesh Kumar Chaddha ,&nbsp;Rashmi Ramachandran ,&nbsp;Arunmozhimaran Elavarasi ,&nbsp;Gururao Hariprasad ,&nbsp;Ravikrishnan Elangovan","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While Parkinson’s disease is a low dopamine neurodegenerative disorder, Schizophrenia is considered a high dopamine psychiatric disorder. Pharmacological interventions that are directed to normalize dopamine concentrations in the mid-brain for an extended duration lead to unintended consequences. Parkinson’s disease patients experience psychosis, and Schizophrenia patients develop extra-pyramidal symptoms due to dopamine levels overshooting their physiological range. An objective monitoring technique is therefore required for better therapeutic efficacy in these two neurological diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A rapid and sensitive assay for α-Synuclein based on magnetic enrichment and enzymatic fluorescent signal generation was developed. This assay has been benchmarked with conventional ELISA and validated in 53 CSF and 36 serum samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Developed assay from an experimental perspective has a sensitivity of less than 10 pg/mL; requires a turnaround time of 45 mins; and uses 2 µL of CSF/serum fluid samples to quantify alpha synuclein. From a utility perspective, the assay showed (a) a two-fold linearity across clinical phenotypes of Parkinson’s disease, neurological controls, and schizophrenia patients; (b) variation between the naïve and treated patients; (c) correlation with severity of the disease. From a diagnostic perspective, the serum-based assay had a 100 % specificity and a minimum of 67 % sensitivity in differentiating naïve patients from treated patients; the CSF/serum-based assays had a minimum of 91 % specificity and a minimum of 85 % sensitivity in differentiating patients from neurological controls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The developed assay can be used to quantify alpha-synuclein in serum and CSF samples, thereby setting a translational platform for diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring pharmacotherapy patients with Parkinson’s disease and Schizophrenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid prediction of cervical cancer and high-grade precursor lesions: An integrated approach using low-field 1H NMR and chemometric analysis","authors":"Luana Quadros de Souza Leão ,&nbsp;Jelmir Craveiro de Andrade ,&nbsp;Giovanna Melo Marques ,&nbsp;Cristiane Cunha Guimarães ,&nbsp;Rosyana de Fátima Vieira de Albuquerque ,&nbsp;Alessandra Silva e Silva ,&nbsp;Kamila Pereira de Araujo ,&nbsp;Mikele Praia de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Anderson Ferreira Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Higino Felipe Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Daniel Lourenço Lira ,&nbsp;Marina Amaral Alves ,&nbsp;Carlos Adam Conte-Junior ,&nbsp;Priscila Ferreira de Aquino","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cervical cancer (CC) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in women, often preceded by high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). Although conventional cytology (Pap smear) is widely used for screening, its sensitivity limitations and high false-positive rate reinforce the need for complementary methods. This study investigated the feasibility of low-field ¹H NMR spectroscopy combined with chemometric modeling to differentiate healthy individuals (CON) from patients with HSIL and CC. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to explore metabolic patterns and identify relevant spectral variables in group differentiation. PCA1 highlighted the separation between CC and the other groups, while PCA2 and PCA3 evidenced intermediate metabolic characteristics in HSIL, reinforcing its role as a transition stage. Three classification scenarios were evaluated using Data-Driven Soft Independent Modeling of Class Analogy (DD-SIMCA): (1) CON as target class, HSIL/CC as outclass classes; (2) HSIL as target class, CON as outclass class; and (3) CC as target class, CON as outclass class. Calibration was optimal (100 % SEN, SPE, ACC, MCC), and prediction showed higher efficacy in detecting CC (SPE = 100 %, MCC = 70 %), indicating that the model was more efficient in screening cervical cancer cases. Furthermore, low-field ¹H NMR has demonstrated potential as a metabolomic screening tool. It is a promising alternative due to its greater accessibility, lower operational cost, and non-invasive nature, complementing traditional methods of early detection of tumors and cervical lesions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120346"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering NINJ1 in SLE: Biomarker potential for renal and hematologic manifestations","authors":"Muyuan Li ,&nbsp;Ke Liu ,&nbsp;Meidong Liu ,&nbsp;Huali Zhang ,&nbsp;Yiying Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease, with an unclear etiology. This study investigated the clinical relevance of serum NINJ1 levels in SLE and evaluated its potential as a biomarker.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Serum NINJ1 levels were measured in 99 newly diagnosed SLE patients and 43 healthy controls. Associations with clinical features, inflammatory markers, and autoantibodies were analyzed. ROC curve analysis was performed for diagnostic evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Serum NINJ1 levels were significantly higher in SLE patients (p &lt; 0.0001) and further elevated in those with lupus nephritis (LN) and thrombocytopenia. Positive correlations with proteinuria, CRP, and NLR were found. ROC analysis showed good diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.83).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Serum NINJ1 is a promising biomarker for SLE, particularly for identifying LN and thrombocytopenia, and may aid in disease stratification and monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence (AI) in point-of-care testing","authors":"Tahir S. Pillay ,&nbsp;Adil I. Khan ,&nbsp;Sedef Yenice","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into point-of-care testing (POCT) represents a transformative leap in modern healthcare, addressing critical challenges in diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and equitable access. While POCT has revolutionized decentralized care through rapid results, its potential is hindered by variability in accuracy, integration hurdles, and resource constraints. AI technologies—encompassing machine learning, deep learning, and natural language processing—offer robust solutions: convolutional neural networks improve malaria detection in sub-Saharan Africa to 95 % sensitivity, while predictive analytics reduce device downtime by 20 % in resource-limited settings. AI-driven decision support systems curtail antibiotic misuse by 40 % through real-time data synthesis, and portable AI devices enable anaemia screening in rural India with 94 % accuracy, slashing diagnostic delays from weeks to hours. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, including data privacy risks, algorithmic opacity, and infrastructural gaps in low- and middle-income countries. Explainable AI frameworks and blockchain encryption are critical to building clinician trust and ensuring regulatory compliance. Future directions emphasize the convergence of AI with Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain for predictive diagnostics, as demonstrated by AI-IoT systems forecasting dengue outbreaks 14 days in advance. Personalized medicine, powered by genomic and wearable data integration, further underscores AI potential to tailor therapies, reducing cardiovascular events by 25 %. Realizing this vision demands interdisciplinary collaboration, ethical governance, and equitable implementation to bridge global health disparities. By harmonizing innovation with accessibility, AI-enhanced POCT emerges as a cornerstone of proactive, patient-centered healthcare, poised to democratize diagnostics and drive sustainable health equity worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143932032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac troponin","authors":"Yumeng Gao ,&nbsp;Danchen Wang ,&nbsp;Danni Mu ,&nbsp;Yichen Ma ,&nbsp;Yuemeng Li ,&nbsp;Ling Qiu ,&nbsp;Songlin Yu ,&nbsp;Xinqi Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120344","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120344","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cardiac troponin (cTn) testing plays a crucial role in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which includes acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, conventional immunoassays may be subject to interference from autoantibodies, cross-reactivity, and biotin-related effects, compromising diagnostic accuracy. A thorough investigation of these interference mechanisms is necessary to improve assay methodologies, ensuring greater reliability and precision. In recent years, significant advancements in mass spectrometry (MS) technology have sparked increased interest in its application for cTn testing. For instance, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) employs multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) to accurately quantify cardiac troponin I (cTnI)-specific tryptic peptides along with their fragment ions. This technique effectively reduces immunoassay interference while improving analytical specificity. Compared to traditional immunoassays, MS-based approaches alleviate matrix effects and analytical interferences while achieving superior specificity. Nonetheless, clinical adoption remains constrained by technical complexity; thus clinicians can obtain more reliable diagnostic insights. This review summarizes the current landscape of cTn detection technologies by examining the prevalence of false-positive results across various methods. It further explores both the practical applications and challenges associated with MS-based techniques in cTn testing. Ultimately, this review aims to improve cTn testing reliability, enhance cardiovascular disease diagnosis, and guide personalized treatment strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120344"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid and reliable detection of G6PD mutations using recombinase polymerase amplification coupled with lateral flow strip","authors":"Beatriz Aira C. Jacob ,&nbsp;Warangkhana Songsungthong ,&nbsp;Ubolsree Leartsakulpanich ,&nbsp;Usa Boonyuen","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy, affecting approximately 500 million people worldwide. It results from inherited mutations in the <em>G6PD</em> gene, causing increased susceptibility to drug-induced hemolytic anemia and severe neonatal jaundice. While phenotypic tests are commonly used, genetic testing is increasingly recognized for its value in the accurate diagnosis of G6PD deficiency, especially in heterozygous females and newborns.</div><div>This study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid, field-deployable genetic test for the detection of four common <em>G6PD</em> variants in Thailand: <em>G6PD</em> Gaohe (c.95A &gt; G), <em>G6PD</em> Mahidol (c.487G &gt; A), <em>G6PD</em> Viangchan (c.871G &gt; A), and <em>G6PD</em> Canton (c.1376G &gt; T). The assays utilize recombinase polymerase amplification with allele-specific primers incorporating locked nucleic acids to enhance specificity, followed by lateral flow strip detection for visual readout.</div><div>The assays deliver results within 45 min at 37 ˚C. Singleplex detection demonstrated 100 % diagnostic sensitivity (Confidence interval (CI): 95.01–100.0 %) and specificity (CI: 95.49–100.0 %). Duplex assays (Gaohe + Canton and Mahidol + Viangchan) also demonstrated 100 % diagnostic sensitivity (CI: 94.87–100.0 %) and specificity (CI: 91.19–100.0 %). Limits of detection (LOD) for singleplex assays were 0.25, 1.00, 0.50, and 0.50 ng/µL, for Gaohe, Mahidol, Viangchan, and Canton, respectively. Duplex assays showed LODs of 0.10 ng/μL for Mahidol + Viangchan and 10.00  ng/μL for Gaohe + Canton. Band intensity differences ranged from 5.25 to 19.61 pixels between mutant, wild-type, and nontarget alleles, enabling clear allele discrimination.</div><div>This innovative diagnostic tool offers a rapid, reliable, and accessible solution for point-of-care genetic testing, with the potential to improve clinical management and healthcare outcomes in regions with a high burden of G6PD deficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"574 ","pages":"Article 120345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"CRISPR-Cas12a-based detection and differentiation of Mycobacterium spp\" [Clinica Chimica Acta 567 (2025) 120101].","authors":"Peeraphan Compiro, Nantinee Chomta, Juthamas Nimnual, Samitanan Sunantawanit, Sunchai Payungporn, Suwatchareeporn Rotcheewaphan, Pornchai Kaewsapsak","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2025.120333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2025.120333","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"120333"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}