Clinica Chimica Acta最新文献

{"title":"Closing the evidence gap: Capillary high-sensitivity troponin I verification in an African population using point of care.","authors":"Maseti Amvuyele Ann, Jacob Doreen, Khoza Siyabonga, Chikomba Chemedzai","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.121054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2026.121054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTnI) assays are central to the early diagnosis and rule-out of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In resource-limited settings, point-of-care (POC) platforms using capillary blood may reduce turnaround time and improve access to timely decision-making. This study evaluated the performance of capillary hs-cTnI POC sampling in an African population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional method comparison study evaluated paired capillary hs-cTnI measurements obtained on POC against corresponding venous serum and plasma samples analysed on a central laboratory assay. Samples were collected from adults presenting with suspected AMI to Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital Emergency Department. Analytical verification was performed in accordance with Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols. Agreement was assessed using Bland Altman analysis. Diagnostic concordance at sex-specific 99th percentile decision thresholds and misclassification rates were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, 110 patients were recruited, of whom 91 were deemed eligible for analysis. Capillary hs-cTnI showed moderate correlation with both plasma (r_s = 0.788; 95% CI 0.694-0.855) and serum (r_s = 0.791; 95% CI 0.699-0.857). Mean bias of capillary versus plasma was -15.9% (-173% to +143%) and - 12.9% (-171% to +145%) compared with serum. Serum comparison met the predefined allowable minimum bias of 13.6%. Overall agreement at the 99th percentile was 92.1% (83/91), with substantial inter-method agreement (κ >0.75). No significant asymmetry in discordant classifications was observed (p = 0.7266; 95% CI -8.27 to 3.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Capillary whole-blood hs-cTnI testing demonstrated acceptable analytical agreement and high clinical concordance with central laboratory measurement, supporting its implementation to enhance rapid AMI assessment in resource-limited emergency settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"121054"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serial monitoring of cytokine profile, liver function, and Hematological biomarkers in severe CRS and CLS following CAR-T cell therapy for relapsed hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report.","authors":"Minle Wu, Wei Guo, Beili Wang, Meixiu Gu, Chong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.121053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2026.121053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver cancer is the sixth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In recent years, chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has demonstrated great potential and promising prospects in cancer treatment. However, CAR-T cell infusion is associated with various severe side effects. There is a paucity of reports describing serial monitoring of laboratory biomarkers in complications.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Here we report a patient with relapsed hepatocellular carcinoma who developed grade-3 cytokine-release syndrome and moderate capillary-leak syndrome after infusion of CAR-T cells. Following CAR-T infusion, the serum cytokine profile and liver enzyme levels were significantly elevated, accompanied by pancytopenia and coagulopathy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After CAR-T-cell administration, laboratory parameters should be closely monitored and complications such as CRS and CLS managed promptly and effectively, which will improve the safety of CAR-T therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"121053"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing exosomes for endometrial Cancer: From non-invasive diagnostics to precision therapies.","authors":"Kamel A Saleh, Ahmed Faisal Mutee, Aziz Kubaev, Muzaffar Choriyev, Rasim M Salih, Mohamed Adil Jaber, Safa Hussen","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.121061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2026.121061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles (EVs), have emerged as pivotal players at the intersection of diagnostics and therapeutics in oncology. These nanoscale vesicles, which are secreted by virtually all cell types, function as critical mediators of intercellular communication by transporting diverse cargoes of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids between cells. In the context of endometrial cancer (EC), a heterogeneous malignancy with increasing global incidence, exosomes offer a unique opportunity for minimally invasive \"liquid biopsy\" approaches for diagnosis and prognosis while simultaneously serving as highly versatile platforms for targeted drug delivery. Owing to their natural biocompatibility, stability in circulation, and ability to cross biological barriers, these materials are ideal candidates for next-generation theranostic applications that combine both diagnostic and therapeutic functions. This review provides a comprehensive investigation into the dual role of exosomes in EC, integrating preclinical findings, emerging clinical data, and translational challenges. This study examines the utility of exosomal cargo as biomarkers across all EC subtypes and evaluates engineering strategies that enable its use as precision nanomedicines, ultimately charting a course for their future integration into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"121061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of circulating glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light chain in myasthenia gravis.","authors":"Caterina Maria Gambino, Luisa Agnello, Concetta Scazzone, Martina Tamburello, Anna Masucci, Roberta Vassallo, Vincenzo Di Stefano, Filippo Brighina, Marcello Ciaccio","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.121052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2026.121052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder of the neuromuscular junction caused by antibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) or muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). Although these antibodies enable diagnosis, they correlate poorly with disease activity and prognosis. Emerging data suggest that MG involves broader neuroimmune mechanisms beyond the peripheral synapse. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a marker of astroglial activation, and neurofilament light chain (NfL), a marker of neuroaxonal injury, have been proposed as circulating biomarkers in several neurological diseases. This study aimed to evaluate serum GFAP and NfL concentrations in MG patients and assess its potential diagnostic utility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective case-control study, 137 patients with confirmed MG and 338 healthy controls were enrolled. Clinical classification followed MGFA criteria. Anti-AChR and anti-MuSK antibodies were measured by ELISA. Serum GFAP and NfL concentrations were quantified using a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay (Lumipulse G1200). Group comparisons were performed using non-parametric tests, correlations using Spearman analysis, and independent determinants assessed with multivariable linear regression. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to evaluate diagnostic performance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum GFAP concentrations were higher in MG patients than controls (44.6 vs 29.6 pg/mL) and strongly correlated with age (r = 0.64, p < 0.0001), but not with antibody titers. In multivariable regression, age was the main independent determinant of GFAP (β = 0.00827, p < 0.0001), whereas MG status was not. GFAP showed moderate diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.704). In an age- and sex-matched analysis, NfL concentrations were modestly higher in MG patients compared with controls (30.2 vs 15.5 pg/mL; p = 0.047). A moderate positive correlation between GFAP and NfL was observed in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Circulating GFAP levels are elevated in MG but are primarily driven by age and sex rather than disease-specific mechanisms, limiting their diagnostic utility. NfL shows a modest increase, suggesting subtle neuroaxonal involvement; however, its clinical relevance remains uncertain. Together, these findings indicate that GFAP and NfL reflect non-specific neurobiological processes rather than robust biomarkers of MG.</p>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"121052"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147834436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Blood clot and fibrin recognition method for serum images based on deep learning\" [Clin. Chim. Acta 553 (2024) 117732].","authors":"Jianping Hou, Weihong Ren, Wanli Zhao, Hang Li, Mengnan Liu, Hailuan Wang, Yirui Duan, Chao Wang, Cong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.121004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2026.121004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":" ","pages":"121004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147715835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring synergistic therapeutic potential of Erlotinib and artemisinin in non-small cell lung Cancer (NSCLC) using pharmacological networking and mathematical modeling","authors":"Faiqa Suleman ,&nbsp;Tasadduq Khan ,&nbsp;Salah A. Alshehade ,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali ,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Irfan ,&nbsp;Amir Shahzad ,&nbsp;Raghdaa Hamdan Al Zarzour ,&nbsp;Shahid Rasool","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lung cancer remains one of the most aggressive malignancies worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) constituting the major subtype. Resistance to targeted therapies poses a persistent challenge in precision medicine, emphasizing the need for more effective therapeutic strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study explored the synergistic potential between Erlotinib (ERL) and Artemisinin (ART), a phytochemical compound, using network pharmacology, differential gene expression (DGE) analysis, and mathematical models of potential drug synergy and conceptual interaction modeling. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted to identify potential key molecular targets and biological pathways involved in NSCLC treatment response.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Key potential targets such as HSP90AA1, SRC, ABL1, and JAK2 were identified, with significant modulation of the PI3K-Akt, Rap1, Ras, and VEGF signaling pathways contributing to therapeutic outcomes. Exploratory synergy modeling using the Bliss, Loewe, and simplified ZIP models revealed potential synergistic trends between Erlotinib and Artemisinin, indicating enhanced anti-tumor potential compared to Erlotinib monotherapy. Mathematical evaluation of drug conceptual interaction modeling provided further insights into Predicted drug–target interactions and pathway-level complementarity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This integrative computational and mathematical approach elucidates the putative mechanistic interplay between drugs and phytochemicals, highlighting the potential of Artemisinin–Erlotinib (ART-ERL) combination therapy in overcoming drug resistance in NSCLC. The findings offer a promising framework for rational design of future combination strategies to improve clinical outcomes in lung cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 120890"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146163969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aptasensors for NNK biomarkers in smoking-induced lung cancer","authors":"Bandar Theyab Alenezi ,&nbsp;Talha Jawaid ,&nbsp;Zia Ur Rehman ,&nbsp;Abdullah R. Alzahrani ,&nbsp;Abdul Hai ,&nbsp;Waseem Fatima ,&nbsp;Prawez Alam ,&nbsp;Abida Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The major lung carcinogen in cigarette smoke is the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), which is metabolized to 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) and glucuronide conjugates, which are the most specific biomarkers of tobacco exposure and lung cancer risk associated with smoking. Urinary NNAL is more effective than cotinine in determining long-term exposure because it has a longer half-life of 10–18 days and is more specific. This review compares aptasensor platforms for NNK/NNAL with clinical chemistry specifications that fulfill unmet requirements for the risk stratification of lung cancer at the point of care. Pre-analytical (half-life kinetics, creatinine normalization, storage stability), aptamer selection strategies (SELEX optimization, affinity-specificity trade-offs), and four classes of aptasensors (electrochemical, optical (fluorescence/colorimetric/SERS), microfluidic/POC, and nanomaterial-amplified design) were systematically evaluated using primary studies. Analytical validation included CLSI-compliant LoD/LoQ, precision, recovery, matrix effects, interference tests, calibration traceability, and LC-MS/MS comparability. The clinical implementation parameters included reference intervals (never-smokers below 10 pg/mg creatinine), reporting standards (ng NNAL/mg creatinine), QC protocols, and decision limits for smokers. The aptasensor LoDs are in the fM-pM range with equivalent LC-MS/MS sensitivity and 15–30 min min point-of-care turnaround. It can show cross-reactivity with nicotine and cotinine. Complete CLSI validation would place aptasensors in a good position to act as substitutes for laboratory LC-MS/MS in population screening and precision prevention of lung cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 120891"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146164524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-omics biomarkers in psychiatric disorders diagnosis and stratification","authors":"Seyyed Hossein Khatami ,&nbsp;Sanam Anoosheh ,&nbsp;Marzieh Khodaparast ,&nbsp;Amir Maghsoudloonejad ,&nbsp;Ehsan Dadgostar ,&nbsp;Amir Asadi ,&nbsp;Mahya Kaveh ,&nbsp;Malihe Mehdinejad Haghighi","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precise diagnosis and stratification of psychiatric disorders remain formidable challenges in modern medicine, hindered by the absence of objective biomarkers and reliance on subjective clinical criteria. Recent advances in multi-omics technologies, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics, have revolutionized our understanding of complex neuropsychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. This review critically evaluates the current landscape of multi-omics research in psychiatry, highlighting methodological innovations, integrative strategies, and translational potential for biomarker discovery and clinical implementation. By synthesizing data across diverse molecular layers, multi-omics approaches enable a systems-level view of psychiatric disorders as multifactorial entities shaped by molecular, cellular, environmental, and neurocircuitry interactions. Despite promising advances in diagnostic accuracy and personalized treatment, significant barriers persist, including data heterogeneity, analytical complexity, and the translational gap between molecular signatures and clinical phenotypes. This review systematically explores the contributions of individual omics domains, emerging frameworks for multimodal data integration, the role of systems biology and network-based models, and the impact of large-scale consortia in driving clinical translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 120887"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in phosphatases as new biomarker in personalized medicine","authors":"Shreya Garge ,&nbsp;Gayatri Gaikwad ,&nbsp;Vasanti Suvarna","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Phosphatases are pivotal in regulating phosphorylation homeostasis by catalyzing biomolecular dephosphorylation, thereby modulating signaling pathways, metabolic networks, and cellular functions. Dysregulation of phosphatase activity is implicated in diverse pathologies, including hepatobiliary dysfunction, metabolic bone disorders, prostate cancer, and lysosomal storage syndromes. This review aims to critically evaluate optical biosensing strategies for phosphatase detection, with emphasis on isoform-specific diagnostics and clinical applicability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive analysis was conducted on emerging optical biosensing platforms, including nanomaterial-assisted colorimetric assays, ratiometric fluorescence sensors, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). These modalities were assessed against key clinical criteria such as sensitivity, isoform specificity, multiplexing capability, and regulatory feasibility.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Optical biosensors demonstrate significant advancements over conventional <em>p</em>-nitrophenyl phosphate (pNPP)-based assays, offering enhanced sensitivity, substrate stability, and isoform discrimination. Specific applications include detection of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in oncology, lysosomal acid phosphatase in neurodegenerative conditions, and alkaline phosphatase in bone and liver pathologies. These platforms show promise for integration into theragnostic systems and digital health infrastructures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Optical biosensing technologies represent a transformative approach to phosphatase detection, enabling real-time monitoring and predictive analytics in precision diagnostics. Their integration into clinical workflows could facilitate early disease detection, personalized treatment strategies, and improved patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 120880"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146137205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-coding RNAs as prognostic biomarkers in autoimmune disease","authors":"Maryam Rahnama ,&nbsp;Siamak Rezaeiani ,&nbsp;Navid Ghasemzadeh ,&nbsp;Milad Ahmadaghdami ,&nbsp;Arezoo Mesri ,&nbsp;Mortaza Taheri-Anganeh ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Mazloomi","doi":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cca.2026.120884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmune diseases comprise a broad spectrum of disorders in which both the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system malfunction, mistakenly attacking the body's own tissues and organs. This breakdown in self-tolerance is marked by the generation of autoantibodies that drive tissue damage. Identifying individuals who are likely to develop more aggressive disease at an early stage is crucial, as it enables earlier therapeutic intervention and improves long-term clinical outcomes. Yet, traditional diagnostic tools (such as autoantibody levels, inflammatory mediators, and acute-phase biomarkers) often fall short in reliably forecasting disease trajectory or predicting response to therapy due to their limited sensitivity and specificity. These shortcomings have intensified interest in more advanced molecular markers, particularly those uncovered through genomic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic analyses. Among these novel biomarker candidates, non-coding RNAs have emerged as especially promising regulators and indicators of autoimmune pathology. Their potential highlights the importance of directing future research toward large-scale, multicenter, longitudinal studies that combine multi-omics methodologies with machine-learning–driven analyses to develop reliable and clinically meaningful prognostic signatures. Ultimately, the identification of diverse biomarkers and innovative analytical methods will play a pivotal role in enhancing the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of autoimmune diseases. This review synthesizes current evidence on the prognostic value of ncRNAs, emphasizing their ability to predict future clinical outcomes such as disease severity, risk of organ-specific damage (e.g., lupus nephritis, rheumatoid joint erosion), likelihood of disease flare, and therapeutic response. We detail the mechanisms by which specific ncRNAs influence key pathogenic processes and explore their clinical application as stable, accessible biomarkers in liquid biopsies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10205,"journal":{"name":"Clinica Chimica Acta","volume":"585 ","pages":"Article 120884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}