Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"ISOLATION AND PURIFICATION OF PREGNANCY-ASSOCIATED GLYCOPROTEINS","authors":"N. Yerzhanova, I. Iskakova, G. Zauatbayeva, V. Keyer, N. Sarina","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of these studies was to develop a protocol for the isolation and purification of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) from cotyledons from placenta of pregnant cows. As a result of this work, processes and parameters of the PAG isolation were determined, including: extraction in a buffer system, two-stage precipitation with ammonium sulfate (40% and 80% saturation) and purification of the target product using ion-exchange chromatography using Q Sepharose Fast Flow. The resulting product having a molecular weight of 55 kD was identified by MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry analysis as \"Pregnancy-associated glycoprotein 1\". As a result of the immunoblotting, the presence of proteins with a molecular weight of 55 kDa in the obtained preparation, reacting with previously obtained monoclonal antibodies (MABs) specific to PAG1 was confirmed. To determine antigenic properties of the purified PAG, laboratory animals were immunized. It was found that immunization with the purified PAG efficiently elicits specific antibodies. These antibodies, after the proper purification procedure, can be used as components of immunological test systems for determining pregnancy in cows.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"92 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125003927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF MUTAGENS ON CALLUS REGENERATION","authors":"N. Iksat, Z. Masalimov, R. Omarov","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"in this work were studied the characteristics of the development of F. tataricum and F. esculentum callus cultures in vitro when they were treated with chemical mutagen solutions - MH, MNU (0.05; 0.1; 0.2; 0.5; 1; 2 mM). When compared to the control on RX medium, the calli treated with the MNU mutagen died more often at higher concentrations (0.5; 1; 2 mM), indicating the effectiveness of the mutagenic effect. The survival rate of callus cultures subcultivated on a medium containing lower concentrations of mutagens (0.05; 0.1; 0.2 mM) was quite high when compared to higher concentrations, but low when compared to the control. The role of mutagenic factors in increasing genotypic variability, as well as the method of obtaining a new source material for various aspects of the buckwheat breeding process, have not been studied.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128687879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND USE OF STRAINS OF BACTERIA OF THE GENUS BACILLUS IN A MICROBIOLOGICAL TEST FOR THE DETERMINATION OF ANTIBIOTICS IN MILK","authors":"S. Aktayeva, A. Kiribayeva, D. Makasheva, M. Astrakhanov, A. Tursunbekova, K. Baltin, B. Khassenov","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"The use of antibiotics in the treatment of livestock has increased the productivity of the meat and dairy industry. The flip side of the effectiveness of drugs of this group is the presence of side effects, which have caused concern about the widespread use of antibiotics and cause the need to control the residual content of antibacterial agents in dairy products. From soil samples collected in 7 regions of Kazakhstan, 14 microbial isolates were isolated and identified as B. licheniformis, B. sonorensis, B. cereus, B. simplex, B. thuringiensis, B. pumilis, B. mojavensis, B. subtilis, B. atrophaeus, B. paralicheniformis. Sensitivity testing of the isolated strains showed that the strains were susceptible to 13 antibiotics belonging to lincosamide, ansamycin, quinolone, macrolide, fluoroquinolone, tetracycline, nitrobenzene, aminoglycoside, glycopeptide and beta-lactam antibiotics. The proteolytic strain Bacillus licheniformis T7 seems promising as a test culture. It is highly sensitive to antibiotics, grows rapidly on a variety of nutrient media, is alkaline and spore-forming and can be cultured at 37-55°C. The peculiarity of the strain to change the pH of the medium from 5.0 to 7.0 and above makes it possible to use bromcresol purple as a growth-detecting dye. This has been shown in experiments using antibiotic milk samples on LB agar and LB broth pH 5.0. In the absence of growth-inhibiting antibiotics, the culture of B. licheniformis T7 grows vigorously, which causes a pH shift to 7.99 and causes the color of bromocresol purple to change from yellow to purple. The results showed promise for the strain Bacillus licheniformis T7 to be used as a bacterial culture in the development of a microbiological test for the detection of antibiotics in milk.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134280957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INFLUENCE OF TUNGSTEN AND MOLYBDENUM ON Н2О2 ACCUMULATION IN N.BENTHAMIANA PLANT","authors":"M. Beisekova, S. Zhangazin, A. Kurmanbayeva, Z. Masalimov, A. Akbassova","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of soil pollution with heavy metals is one of the main factors hindering the development of agriculture in Kazakhstan. Soil pollution with heavy metals, especially tungsten, leads to a deterioration in plant growth and development, the formation of active oxygen radicals, and oxidative stress. In plants, tungsten (W) acts as an inhibitor of molybdoenzymes, replacing molybdenum (Mo) in the Mo-cofactor structure. At the same time, Mo itself at high concentrations also negatively affects plant cells. When exposed to tungsten and molybdenum, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulate excessively in the plant. When the test plant N. benthamiana is exposed to molybdenum, the accumulation of Н2О2 is sharply reduced compared to the control plant, and in plants treated with a solution of tungsten, the accumulation of Н2О2 is increased by 2 times. The accumulation of Н2О2 in plants treated with a combined solution of molybdenum and tungsten was higher compared to the control plant. An interesting result is an increase in the accumulation of Н2О2 by 3.5 times when exposed to tungsten compared to molybdenum.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125617175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VALIDATION OF MARKER-TRAIT ASSOCIATIONS IN SIX-ROWED BARLEY LINES BRED IN KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"A. Amalova, Y. Genievskaya, S. Abugalieva, V. Chudinov, Y. Turuspekov","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"Barley is an important cereal crop in Kazakhstan, mostly used for animal feeding, malting, and the food industry. The success of barley production is dependent on the genetic resources (cultivars) available, and local breeding programs that focus on the development of competitive cultivars. One way to develop new high-yielding cultivars and improve the efficiency of breeding programs is the application of modern molecular genetic and genomic tools. One such technology is genome-wide association study (GWAS), which has been successfully applied to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with the valuable traits. The identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on GWAS can be converted to flexible and cost-effective KASP (Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR) assays and validated for use in future marker-assisted breeding projects. The purpose of this study was to genotype eleven promising six-rowed barley lines using twenty-one KASP assays associated with agronomic traits reported in previous GWAS. The genotyping results suggested that only seven out of twenty-one KASP markers were polymorphic in this group of barley accessions. The t-test output suggested that six out of nine agronomic traits were significantly associated with seven KASPs. Notably, two assays (ipbb_hv_6, ipbb_hv_108) affected both vegetation period (VP) and yield per m2 (YM2) in conditions of Northern Kazakhstan, where barley is growing in more than 80% of total crop sowing areas of the country. The application of these highly informative KASP markers can help enhance the efficiency of local breeding projects in barley.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122861939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ANTIOXIDANT ROLE OF DJ-1 PROTEIN IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE","authors":"A. Mussakhmetov, D. Utepbergenov, B. Khassenov","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease is a progressive age-related neurodegenerative disease, and oxidative stress is an important mediator in its pathogenesis. Loss of neurons in the midbrain region (Substantia nigra) causes dopamine deficiency and leads to the formation of intracellular inclusions containing α-synuclein aggregates. Both of these phenomena are considered neuropathological features of Parkinson's disease. Although the clinical diagnosis is based on the presence of bradykinesia and other major motor signs, Parkinson's disease is associated with many non-motor symptoms that contribute and complicate the disease. The underlying molecular pathogenesis involves several pathways and mechanisms: α-synuclein proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, disturbances in calcium homeostasis, and neuroinflammation. \u0000Mutations in the PARK7 gene resulting in loss of function of the encoded DJ-1 protein have been identified as the cause of one of several forms of the inherited form of Parkinson's disease. The DJ-1 protein is attributed the role of an antioxidant based on experiments in cellular model systems. The active site of DJ-1 contains a highly reactive cysteine residue (Cys106) which is oxidized under oxidative stress. It is assumed that Cys106 plays a critical role in the biological function of DJ-1, regulating antioxidant protection depending on the oxidation state of Cys106, i.e. acts as a sensor of oxidative stress. Thus, the level of oxidized DJ-1 (oxDJ-1) may serve as a possible biomarker of oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122270683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SAPOVIRUS AND ASTROVIRUS ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS","authors":"Y. Shilova, N. Paklonskaya, T. Amvrosieva, Y. Kaltunova, I. Belskaya","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.2","url":null,"abstract":"A significant variety of causative agents of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) of viral etiology dictates the need of studying their typical diversity and the contribution of the infections they cause, including little-studied ones, to the incidence.\u0000The aim of the presented work was to establish the frequency of astroviruses (HAsV) and sapoviruses (SaV) occurrence in patients with acute intestinal infections in our country, the characteristics of their circulation and genetic diversity.\u0000Astro- and sapovirus infections were detected in 3.0% and 2.3% of patients with AGE, respectively. Most often they were found in children aged 4-7, however, there were no significant differences in the frequency of their detection in patients of different age groups. Neither seasonal fluctuations in the circulation activity of these viral agents have been registered.\u0000The analysis of the genetic diversity of identified HAsV and SaV showed that the isolates identified in 2018-2021 belong to 2 HAsV genotypes - HuAsV-3, HuAsV-4 and to 3 SaV genotypes - GII.1, GI.2, GII.5.\u0000Taking into account the significant genetic variability of these pathogens, the ability to cause outbreaks and the likelihood of an increase in their activity, previously noted in other countries, it seems appropriate to monitor them in patients with AGE with the identification of detected genotypes by molecular methods.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116773816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE USE OF MOLECULAR GENETIC METHODS BASED ON MLVA ANALYSIS TO CONFIRM THE UNIQUENESS OF COLLECTION STRAINS OF BRUCELLA","authors":"K. Berdimuratova, E. Shevtsova, A. Kairzhanova, B. Abdigulov, T. Karibayev, M. Berdikulov, S. Firsova, A. Shevtsov","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"Collections of pathogenic bacterial cultures are necessary for the storage of commercially valuable and typical strains for the purpose of patenting, production and testing of diagnostic and preventive drugs, as well as epidemiological strains isolated during the diagnosis of infectious diseases for detailed study and monitoring of changes in sanitary and epidemiological well-being. Collections are replenished with new unique strains, so it is very important that the characteristics of these strains should be carried out using highly discriminatory molecular genetic methods. This article presents the results of the evaluation of the genetic diversity of 36 collection strains of Brucella abortus and 57 strains of Brucella melitensis by the Multilocus variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA-16). Generic identification and absence of contamination by other bacterial species was confirmed by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. MLVA analysis allowed to establish contamination of 4 strains with different genotypes of brucella and to reveal that the deposited 36 strains isolated in 14 outbreaks of brucellosis are identical genotypes of the pathogen. Our studies have confirmed the presence of identical brucella strains in the collection. The use of MLVA-16 in testing isolated bacterial cultures from a single outbreak will allow differentiating unique strains for their subsequent deposition. Verification of deposited strains with MLVA characteristics with a detailed analysis of metadata about deposited strains will optimize the collection, in terms of preserving only unique strains, which will reduce economic costs and risks to ensure biological safety.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123079231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HYDROLYSIS OF PLANT BIOMASS USING RECOMBINANT ALPHA-AMYLASE FROM BACILLUS LICHENIFORMIS AND XYLANASE FROM BACILLUS SONORENSIS","authors":"A. Kiribayeva, D. Silayev, A. Abdullayeva, Yu. Shamsiyeva, Y. Ramankulov, B. Khassenov","doi":"10.11134/btp.4.2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.4.2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"With the reduction of fossil hydrocarbon sources and the increasing need for energy, chemical resources and food, the use of biomass as a renewable source is of great importance. This, in turn, necessitates efficient enzymes for bioconversion of biomass. Enzymes are important in industry because they are biocatalysts for complex chemical processes. The conversion of plant biomass into sugars requires a complex of enzymes whose composition must be adapted to the type of biomass and а pretreatment method. The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis can be increased by optimizing the composition of the enzymatic complex, increasing the catalytic activity and stability of the enzymes included in it. A large number of microbial amylases are now commercially available, and they have almost completely replaced chemical starch hydrolysis in the processing industry. The use of bacterial xylanases is a key step in the conversion of lignocellulosic polysaccharides into fermentable sugars for the production of biofuels and value-added products. Enzyme complexes containing both α-amylases and xylanases have found applications in the pulp and paper industry and feed production. \u0000Recombinant α-amylase and xylanase from Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus sonorensis, respectively, were obtained using recombinant DNA technology. These enzymes were purified by metal affinity chromatography from the lysate of induced cultures of recombinant strains. Enzymatic hydrolysis of potato starch and birch xylan with these recombinant enzymes was performed. The hydrolysis products of these polysaccharides were studied by thin-layer chromatography. It was found that the products of hydrolysis of potato starch using recombinant α-amylase were maltose and maltooligosaccharides and a small amount of glucose. Xylan was isolated from birch sawdust and hydrolyzed by recombinant xylanase. Detection of the hydrolysis products of xylan showed that xylan is hydrolyzed to oligoxylans with a degree of polymerization of at least 2 monomers. No xylose was detected among the hydrolysis products.  The results indicate that α-amylase from Bacillus licheniformis and xylanase from Bacillus sonorensis are endoenzymes.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128823884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MAIN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF PANCREATIC CANCER IN KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"F. Fazyl, D. Begimbetova, K. Batyrbekov, Z. Spataev, Sh. Aitbaev, D. Sarbassov","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"According to GLOBOCAN (2020), pancreatic cancer (PC) is in 12th place among oncopathology in terms of incidence - 4.9 cases per 100,000 population. Most cases of pancreatic cancer are registered in China, the USA, Japan, and Germany. In the structure of mortality among oncological diseases, pancreatic cancer occupies 9th place - 4.5 cases per 100 thousand of the population. According to epidemiological studies, by 2040, a 79.9% increase in mortality from pancreatic cancer is predicted. According to statistics, in the United States, there is an increase in the incidence of cancer in the distal pancreas. In addition, early stages of pancreatic cancer were diagnosed more often and less often - the 4th. One of the trends in the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer is an increase in the incidence of this pathology among young people. Factors contributing to the development of pancreatic cancer in people under 50 years of age are genetic mutations, smoking, and obesity. A retrospective statistical analysis of the epidemiological state of pancreatic cancer in Kazakhstan over 3 years was carried out (standardized WHO World indicators per 100,000 population and intensive indicators of morbidity, mortality, distribution by stage, age, and sex), and regional features of pancreatic cancer were studied.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123476788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}