Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"THE PLANT ARTEMISIA ANNUA (“SWEET WORMWOOD”) KAZAKHSTAN’S SOURSE OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS POTENTIALLY CURE THE SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION","authors":"A. Maftakhova, L. Syzdykova, V. Keer, A. Shustov, M. Zhurinov","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.4","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Artemisia (“wormwood”) is widely represented in the flora of Kazakhstan both by the species diversity (at least 80 species) and biomass. Members of this genus, such as Artemisia annua (\"annual wormwood\") attract the attention of the global biomedical community because these plants produce the unusual sesquiterpene lactone artemisinin, which has a proven efficacy as an antimalarial drug and has also been tested for antiviral activity. Due to their potential antiviral properties, wormwood-derived phytocompounds are of interest as promising drugs against the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which caused the largest pandemic of the 21st century. This review presents the studied diversity of secondary metabolites synthesized by various Artemisia species, describes the actual practical significance of one species A. annua, as well as the possible use of substances from this species as antiviral agents. There is a need for further research into secondary metabolites of wormwood with antiviral properties due to the expectation of continued circulation of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and in order to complement the arsenal of antiviral therapy.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125341314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal helminthiases of dogs with molecular genetic identification of echinococcosis","authors":"A. Abdybekova, S. Yalysheva, A. Zhaksylykova, R. Uakhit, V. Kiyan","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic disease caused by a larval stage of the tapeworm from genus Echinococcus. Dogs act as definitive hosts and infect humans and farm animals. The article presents the results of a study of feces of 1020 dogs from Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, Turkestan, Almaty, Zhetysu, Karaganda, Aktobe, Pavlodar and Akmola regions for Echinococcus granulosus, collected in 2021-2022. Eggs of Taeniia spp., Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, Trichuris vulpis, Ancylostoma caninum were found using copro-ovoscopy methods. Helminth samples were differentiated by amplification and sequencing using the Ef1a translation elongation factor marker gene. Based on the analysis of the nucleotide sequences of 22 egg samples, two samples were identified as E. granulosus. Based on the G protein primer, the G1 genotype was established. These samples were deposited in the NCBI GenBank database (accession numbers ON630760 and ON630761). For the first time, molecular genetic characterization of the echinococcosis causative agent in the final hosts was carried out in Kazakhstan.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128640019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF ARTEMISIA ANNUA L. EXTRACTS AGAINST SARS-COV-2 CORONAVIRUS","authors":"M. Zhurinov, A. Miftakhova, A. Shustov, V. Keyer, E. Solodova","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.3","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes preparing extracts of Artemisia annua L. and the use of the extracts to compare the virus-inhibiting activity against the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. \u0000The extracts were prepared using hot water, water-alcohol mixture and butanol. The extracts were tested in screening-format tests on Vero E6 cells to measure the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity. Values of 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) which measure the cytotoxicity were as follows: for the hot-water extract - 1587 µg/ml, for butanol extract - 713 µg/ml, and for water-alcohol extract >2000 µg/ml. The quite high IC50 values indicate that the hot-water and butanol extracts have little cytotoxicity, and the water-alcohol extract is not toxic in vitro. \u0000Protection from the virus-induced cytopathic effect was observed in infected cultures upon addition of the extracts. Concentrations at which the extracts demonstrate the highest protection were measured by counting densities of live cells (in infected cultures)using the MTT-test. The results of the MTT-testin a form of dependence of optical densities from extracts’ concentrations are presented in the paper. All three extracts show the ability to inhibit the replication of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. For hot-water and butanol extracts, the peak density of live cells in infected cultures was observed when the extracts were present at the concentration of 667 μg/ml;however at the higher concentration (2000 µg/ml), both extracts inhibit cell growth. However, none of the three extracts at the optimal concentration completely suppress viral replication.The work needs to be continued to produce an effective herbal drug against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128252046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF COMBINATIONS OF GROWTH FACTORS AND HYALURONIC ACID ON THE PROLIFERATION AND CHONDROGENIC DIFFERENTIATION OF HUMAN SYNOVIUM DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS","authors":"G. Zhubanova, A. Mukhambetova, M. Karzhauov, A. Issabekova, E. Raimagambetov, V. Ogay","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.5","url":null,"abstract":"Growth factors and hyaluronic acid (HA) have been shown to stimulate functional activity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and thus may influence damaged tissue healing, including cartilage. In this study we investigated the effects of individual and combinatorial application of HA, platelet derived growth factor–BB (PDGF-BB), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) on the proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of human synovium derived MSCs (SD MSCs). Isolated SD MSCs were expanded in α-MEM medium and characterized using immunocytochemistry, multilineage differentiation assay and CFU-assay. Proliferation activity of MSCs was examined with MTT-assay. Chondrogenic differentiation and glycosaminoglycan level in micro-pellet culture of MSCs were evaluated with histochemical and biochemical analysis.\u0000Our results showed that the individual use of FGF-2 and PDGF-BB significantly increased the rate of MSC proliferation compared to the control. At the same time, TGF-β1 did not affect cell growth. Combinations of growth factors: TGF-β1+FGF-2, TGF-β1+PDGF-BB, and FGF-2+PDGF-BB were able to significantly increase the proliferative activity of MSCs. The greatest synergistic effect was found with combination of all three factors TGF-β1, FGF-2, and PDGF-BB. Histochemical and biochemical analysis revealed that combination of TGF-β1 and BMP-4 have a significant effect on chondrogenic differentiation and the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans in micro-pellet culture of MSCs. The addition of HA to growth factors has minor effect on the proliferation and does not affect the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs.\u0000This study demonstrated that combination of growth factors can promote proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of SD MSCs and may be effective in enhancing cartilage healing.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129610922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Priming of Solanum Tuberosum in vitro plants with PVY-specific interfering RNAs activates anti-viral resistance","authors":"M. Sutula, T. Khosnutdinova, Ye A Zhakmanova, G. Dolanbayeva, X. Bogdanova, Ye. Yessilbekova, G. Komekova, Zh. Kabatayeva","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.2","url":null,"abstract":"Helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro) is a multifunctional suppressor protein synthesized by potato virus Y (PVY), which is able to neutralize the protective mechanisms of RNA interference (RNA-i) in potato plants, thereby causing systemic infection of the host plant and significant damage to the tuber material. This article demonstrates how one of the main functions of HC-Pro, the capture and retention of short interfering RNAs, 21-23 nt in size (siRNA) on the surface of protein subunits, can be used to create virus-resistant potato plants in vitro. The proposed method is based on the selective dissociation of the HC-Pro/siRNA complex from PVY-infected plants and siRNA-priming of healthy plants. Purified preparations of PVY-specific siRNAs were obtained using column gel filtration followed by immunoprecipitation and phenol-chloroform extraction. Injections of siRNA into the leaf plate of virus-free potato microplants, cultivars bred at Amanzholov University, led to a decrease in the accumulation of viral particles in the cytoplasm of plants inoculated with the wild PVY strain and the formation of resistance to PVY for the entire growing season.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128503770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Purification and characterization of α-amylase and protease of the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium graminearum","authors":"A. Abaildayev, V. Kuzovlev, K. Sharipov, A. Khakimzhanov","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.1","url":null,"abstract":"One of the modern approaches in increasing the resistance of cereal crops to fungal diseases is the study of digestive enzymes of pathogens and their protein inhibitors in grain. Recently, proteases and amylases have been considered as some of the important pathogenicity factors of fungi. To obtain these enzymes, the phytopathogenic fungus F. graminearum was grown by solid state fermentation (SSF) using wheat bran. The maximum accumulation of enzymes at the addition of 2,0×106 conidia/ml occurred on day 8th of cultivation of the fungus. Extracellular protease and α-amylase with molecular weight 25 and 29 kDa, respectively, were purified by affinity chromatography.. Using specific inhibitors, the purified protease was found to belong to the serine trypsin-like enzyme. According to isoelectric focusing data, α-amylase consisted of 4 isoenzymes with strongly acidic pI of 3.0-3.5. The pH, temperature optimum, and thermostability of the enzymes were determined. The data obtained for α-amylase and trypsin of F. graminearum are presented for the first time. The results of the study can be used in the search for specific inhibitors of amylases and proteases in grain as protective proteins for their application in estimation of wheat varieties resistance to fungal attack.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116944087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DISTURBANCES IN BLOOD RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES DURING PHENYLHYDRAZINE INTOXICATION AND THEIR CORRECTION WITH HYBRID MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS IN RATS","authors":"O. Aliev, A. Sidekhmenova, E. Popova, N. Domnina, P. Vlasov, M. Plotnikov","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"A single administration of phenylhydrazine at a dose of 50 mg/kg led to a decrease in hematocrit, impaired aggregation and deformability of erythrocytes, which manifested itself in a decrease in the efficiency of oxygen delivery to tissues. Hybrid macromolecular compounds (10 mg/kg intravenously daily for 4 days) attenuated hemorheological parameters disturbances and increased the efficiency of oxygen delivery to tissues.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131278888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of KASP assays associated with barley adaptation and productivity traits","authors":"Y. Genievskaya, S. Almerekova, V. Chudinov, Y. Turuspekov, S. Abugalieva","doi":"10.11134/btp.3.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.3.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is an important cereal crop traditionally used in animal feed, malting, and food production. In Kazakhstan, barley is the second most cultivated cereal grain. However, despite the long history of barley cultivation in Kazakhstan, traditional breeding methods prevail here. The introduction of marker-assisted selection (MAS) in the breeding process may improve the adaptation and productivity of local cultivars, as well as help in the development of new ones. For that, validation of 23 kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assays for adaptation and productivity traits developed using previous GWAS results was performed. The collection of 35 two-rowed barley promising lines was grown at the Kazakh research institute of agriculture and plant growing (KRIAPG, Almaty region, Kazakhstan) in 2021 and studied for 5 adaptation-related (heading time, heading-maturity time, plant height, peduncle length, and spike length) and 5 productivity-related (number of kernels per spike, the weight of kernels per spike, weight of kernels per plant, thousand kernels weight, and yield per m2) traits. The same collection was genotyped using 23 KASP assays. As a result, 21 KASPs demonstrated a good level of polymorphism (MAF > 0.10 and I > 0.36) in the studied barley collection. Six KASP assays confirmed their associations with adaptation and productivity traits (P < 0.05); nine KASPs were associated with other agronomic traits (P < 0.05). Nine KASP assays were identified for adaptation traits, one assay was detected for productivity traits and six KASPs were found to be associated with both types of traits. Four KASP assays (ipbb_hv_9, ipbb_hv_101, ipbb_hv_109, and ipbb_hv_110) confirmed significant (P < 0.05) effect of shorter heading-maturity time on higher productivity traits under stress conditions of south-east Kazakhstan. Thus, in this study fifteen out of the studied twenty-one KASP assays were validated for their associations with adaptation and productivity traits and potentially can be included in the barley breeding projects.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132851210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GENOME SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, RT-PCR DIAGNOSTICS AND CONSTRUCTION OF VIRAL PROTEIN-EXPRESSION CASSETES FOR KAZAKH ISOLATE OF ORDINARY AND ANDEAN STRAINS OF POTATO VIRUS S","authors":"A. Alexandrova, Y.A. Yeriskina, R. Nargilova, R. Kryldakov, Z. Tokbergenova, M. Pooggin, B. Iskakov, O. Karpova","doi":"10.11134/btp.2.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.2.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"Potato virus S (PVS) belongs to the genus Carlavirus of family Betaflexiviridae with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome of 8.5 Kb. PVS is one of the most prevalent viruses of cultivated potatoes in Kazakhstan. Here we report phylogenetic analysis of complete genome sequences of Kazakh isolates of PVS from potato cultivars Fortuna and Ushkonyr, design of PVS strain-specific diagnostic PCR and construction of expression cassettes for conserved viral proteins from both isolates. The Fortuna and Ushkonyr isolates were found to share 79.9% nucleotide identity with each other and belong respectively to previously-defined ordinary and Andean strains of PVS. Based on analysis of conserved and variable regions of available PVS isolates, we designed primers for reverse transcription (RT)-duplex PCR to detect both strains in single and mixed infections and established their prevalence in Almaty region of Kazakhstan. Coding sequences of triple gene block proteins (25K, 12K, 7K), coat protein (34K) and cysteine-rich protein (11K) as well as methyltransferase, peptidase, helicase and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase domains of viral replicase were subcloned from both Fortuna and Ushkonyr genomic RNAs into the binary vector pBIN19 under the control of CaMV 35S promoter and nopaline synthetase terminator. These expression cassettes will be used to further investigate the biological properties and strain characteristics of viral proteins by their transient expression in plant cells and tissues or their stable expression in transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"04 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129645754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PROSPECTS FOR THE PURIFICATION OF SURFACE RESERVOIRS FROM BIOGENIC ELEMENTS","authors":"Z. Tekebayeva, A. Bazarkhankyzy, A. Temirbekova, G. Bissenova, A. Kulagin, I. Tynybayeva, Aslan Temirkhanov, N. Askarova, Z. Sarmurzina","doi":"10.11134/btp.2.2022.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11134/btp.2.2022.8","url":null,"abstract":"The threat of water scarcity and inefficient management of water resources can become a major obstacle to the sustainable economic growth and social development in Kazakhstan. Pollutants enter surface water bodies mainly as a result of human activities. Among the various substances present in wastewater, nitrogen and phosphorus compounds deserve the most attention. Getting into water bodies, they cause eutrophication, which can be dangerous for the ecosystem as a whole and for humans. Among the various methods of wastewater treatment, biological methods are considered the most promising and effective. In this regard, the search for active microorganisms and microalgae for the purification of water bodies from biogenic elements is especially relevant. The object of the study was Lake Big Taldykol, recreated asa result of the reclamation of theTaldykol wastewater evaporator and being one of the important water bodies of the city of Nur-Sultan. It has been revealed that in recent years the main substances polluting the water bodies of the capital are total phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, chlorides, sulfates, total iron, mineralization and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Chemical analysis of water samples from Lake Big Taldykol showed excesses in chlorides, sulfates, COD, total iron, suspended solids, and dry residue. The prospects for the use of microorganisms that are destructors of biogenic and organo-mineral pollutants are considered. Cultures of microorganisms and green microalgae were isolated from the water of Big Taldykol Lake. The use of the studied microorganisms can reduce the amount of biogenic elements, thereby reducing their potential for eutrophication.","PeriodicalId":101644,"journal":{"name":"Eurasian Journal of Applied Biotechnology","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126680918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}