BMJ public health最新文献

{"title":"Community coalitions' navigation of policies to address the opioid epidemic: insights from qualitative interviews in four states.","authors":"Ramona G Olvera, Allyson G Cogan, Mary Bartkus, Shoshana N Benjamin, Jill Davis, Lisa A Frazier, Brandy F Henry, Timothy Hunt, Elizabeth N Kinnard, Hallie Mattingly, Ann Scheck McAlearney, Dean Rivera, Mari-Lynn Drainoni, Daniel M Walker","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001924","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The opioid epidemic in the USA presents a multifaceted challenge regulated by a patchwork of federal, state and local policies. In some communities, cross-sector coalitions navigate this complex policy environment to address the epidemic. However, limited research has explored these public health-oriented community coalitions and their interactions with the policy landscape. This study explores how cross-sector public health-oriented community coalition members perceive and navigate the multidimensional policy landscapes to address the opioid epidemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from 304 semistructured HEALing Communities Study coalition member interviews conducted April-June 2021 in 67 communities in Kentucky, New York, Massachusetts and Ohio, we inductively analysed participants' discussions of opioid-related policies to characterise themes and subthemes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We describe two themes where coalitions and policy intersect: policy landscape barriers and navigation and mitigation strategies to address policy barriers. Participants revealed community misunderstandings and lack of knowledge of opioid-related policies. Furthermore, participants shared how these policies often hindered coalitions' initiatives to address substance use. Nevertheless, community coalitions functioned despite these policy challenges through knowledge sharing, innovation and policy advocacy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cross-sector public health-oriented community coalitions serve a vital role in navigating the complexities of the multidimensional policy landscape regulating substance use services. Insights from these findings may encourage policy-makers to support community coalitions in pursuing solutions to the opioid crisis and other public health crises.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT04111939.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does domestic violence legislation reduce permissive attitudes about intimate partner violence? Longitudinal evidence from men and women from 61 countries.","authors":"Robin A Richardson, Nuria Rodriguez-Planas, Alexandria Ree Hadd, Katjana Wiederkehr, Farheen Jamshed, Cari Jo Clark, Tarik Benmarhnia","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001837","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Intimate partner violence (IPV) is highly prevalent and has substantial implication for women's health. Changing IPV attitudes is one pathway to reduce IPV. While evidence suggests that interventions targeting individuals may change IPV attitudes, the effect of wider-scale interventions, such as legislation, remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used individual-level IPV attitudes information collected between 1997 and 2020 by the Demographic and Health Surveys and the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, which we linked with national-level domestic violence (DV) legislation information. We evaluated the effect of adoption of DV legislation on changes in IPV attitudes using a difference-in-differences study design that controlled for time-varying country-level confounding and accounted for staggered timing of legislation adoption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our sample included harmonised information across 61 countries, composed of 2 184 047 women from 60 countries and 390 877 men from 40 countries. After controlling for country-level time-varying confounders, adoption of DV legislation reduced IPV acceptability among women (average treatment effect among treated=-0.07, 95% CI: -0.16, 0.06) and men (average treatment effect among treated=-0.11, 95% CI: -0.22, 0.03) although estimates were imprecise and included the null.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DV legislation may reduce permissive IPV attitudes, especially among men, although conclusions should be interpreted cautiously due to imprecise estimates.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001837"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-sectional analysis of e-cigarettes, combustible tobacco and their dual use with binge drinking among college students in the USA.","authors":"Rose Thornquist, Fares Qeadan","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001480","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tobacco use is a long-standing epidemic that has caused millions of premature deaths. Electronic cigarette use is rising among young adults, yet few studies have included combustible tobacco, e-cigarettes and their dual use in an analysis of binge drinking among college students. This study aims to calculate the associations between these three forms of tobacco use and binge drinking among college students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used data from 332 721 college students from the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment survey. Tobacco use was organised into four groups: no tobacco use, e-cigarette use only, combustible tobacco use only and dual use of e-cigarettes and combustible tobacco. Binge drinking was a binary indication of whether students had engaged in binge drinking in the last 2 weeks. Multiple logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between tobacco use and binge drinking, adjusting for demographic factors and constructs of the integrated behavioural model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Each tobacco use group had significantly higher odds of binge drinking compared with students who did not use tobacco. Students who engaged in dual tobacco use had significantly higher odds of binge drinking compared with exclusive combustible tobacco use (adjusted OR, aOR=2.41, 95% CI: 2.29, 2.53) and exclusive e-cigarette use (aOR=1.79, 95% CI: 1.71, 1.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The strong relationship between dual tobacco use and binge drinking among college students warrants further investigation into the aetiology and clinical manifestations of this emerging coupled substance use behaviour among the next generation of adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865762/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unemployment and associations with diagnosed health problems in the Norwegian GP-DEP study: a repeated cross-sectional register study (2010-2016).","authors":"Inger Haukenes, Sabine Ruths, Tone Smith-Sivertsen, Øystein Hetlevik, Gunnel Hensing, Ann Kristin Knudsen, Valborg Baste","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001758","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001758","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>While differences in mental health between recipients and non-recipients of unemployment benefits are well known, it is not known whether such differences exist for musculoskeletal and cardiovascular health problems. This study examined the difference in registry-based diagnoses between short term, long term and non-recipients of unemployment benefits in the Norwegian working-age population and further examined if these associations differed by educational level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional repeated register study comprising all working-age individuals (age 21-67 years) with pensionable income in Norway in the period 2010 (N=2 610 956) to 2016 (N=2 791 103). Data were retrieved from the Norwegian population registry, the Education Database, the Database of Social Insurance and the Control and Reimbursement of Health Care Claims Database and linked on individual level. Associations between recipients and non-recipients of unemployment benefits and physician-certified diagnoses were examined with Poisson regression with robust variance estimates (relative risk (RR) with 95% CI) and stratified by education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both short-term and long-term recipients of unemployment benefits were associated with an increased likelihood of having one or more musculoskeletal, psychological or cardiovascular diagnoses compared with non-recipients. The strength of the associations increased with cumulative days of unemployment, with adjusted RRs (95% CIs) for musculoskeletal disorder 1.7 (1.7 to 1.7); psychological diagnoses 2,.2 (2.2 to 2.3); subgroup depression 3.3 (3.2 to 3.3) and for cardiovascular disease 1.3 (1.3 to 1.3) compared with non-recipients. Among highly educated people, the association between unemployment and having a diagnosis was stronger than among unemployed with medium and low education.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Unemployment benefits recipiency were associated with musculoskeletal, psychological and cardiovascular diagnoses, and the strength of the association increased with higher education. The direction of the relationship could not be determined in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865749/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors associated with urogenital schistosomiasis: a multilevel assessment approach using an Oversampling Schistosomiasis Survey (SOS) community-based, Plateaux region, Togo 2022.","authors":"Smaila Alidou, Hélène E Kamassa, Fiali Lack, Essoham Ataba, Fiona M Fleming, Efoe Sossou, Manani Hemou, Kossi Yakpa, Mawèké Tchalim, Piham Gnossike, Penelope Vounatsou, Rachel Pullan, Katherine Gass, Ameyo M Dorkenoo","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001304","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001304","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Urogenital schistosomiasis is endemic in Togo. Since 2010, Togo has used preventive chemotherapy to control the disease and periodically assess its impact. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis and identify associated risk factors among school-age children in three districts of the Plateaux Region of Togo.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study surveyed school-age children in three Togo districts, using an oversampling strategy of door-to-door visits to collect urine samples, metadata and lifestyle data. Statistical analyses, including descriptive and multilevel regression, were used to determine prevalence and investigate individual/community risk factors associated with urogenital schistosomiasis and infection intensity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study surveyed 6400 children, uncovering a 15.0% prevalence of urogenital schistosomiasis (95% CI: 14.1% to 15.8%). Notably, 48.3% (95% CI: 45.1% to 51.5%) showed heavy-intensity infections, averaging 38 eggs per 10 mL (range: 0-9688). Key risk factors included age (adjusted OR (aOR)=1.9), swimming in surface water (aOR=2.6) and residing in the Ogou district (aOR=11.2), while the Est-Mono district posed a lower risk (aOR=0.2). Factors such as gender, with boys at higher risk (aOR=1.7), age (aOR=2.9), school attendance (aOR=2.4) and swimming in surface water (aOR=4.7) were linked to infection intensity. Consumption of public tap water (aOR=2.4; 95% CI: 1.0 to 5.2) and residing in Ogou (aOR=28.6) increased intensity, whereas living in Est-Mono (aOR=0.0; 95% CI: 0.0 to 0.08) or using rainwater (aOR=0.0; 95% CI: 0.0 to 0.4) decreased it.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence and intensity of urogenital schistosomiasis were found to be correlated with household and behavioural risk factors. Integrating these factors into national control programmes and improving access to safe water and sanitation facilities will be crucial in eliminating this disease as a public health concern in Togo.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and strategies to improve vaccine adverse events reporting: views from health workers and managers in Northern Ghana.","authors":"Nana Akosua Ansah, Daniel Weibel, Samuel Tamti Chatio, Samuel Tomilola Oladokun, Enyonam Duah, Patrick Ansah, Abraham Oduro, Marieke Hollestelle, Miriam Sturkenboom","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001464","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001464","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing incidence of novel vaccine-preventable diseases, such as COVID-19, has led to an increase in the development of vaccines globally. Vaccine hesitancy has risen due to fears of vaccines causing harm. African health systems have generally relied on spontaneous reporting of adverse events following immunisation (AEFIs) to monitor vaccine safety.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored the views of healthcare professionals and managers regarding barriers and strategies to improve AEFI reporting in northern Ghana.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a qualitative research design where in-depth interviews were conducted with health professionals and managers in five administrative regions in northern Ghana between March and August 2021. The purposive sampling method was used to select districts and participants. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded into themes using QSR NVivo V.12 software before thematic content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study found that lack of feedback is the main regulatory-level factor affecting reporting adverse events. Health system-level factors, such as limited knowledge of reporting AEFIs, a lack of training, difficulties in using electronic application software to complete AEFI forms, and fear of punishment, significantly affect AEFI reporting. At the patient/community level, the main factors affecting AEFI reporting are the distance to health facilities and transportation costs. However, participants suggested continuous AEFI education, sensitisation of health workers and patients, timely feedback, and effective stakeholder collaboration among front-line health workers, health managers, and the national pharmacovigilance authority could improve AEFI reporting in Ghana.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reporting of AEFIs contributes to improving vaccine safety, surveillance systems and prompt case management. However, the study identified multiple key factors at the regulatory, health system, and patient levels affecting AEFI reporting. Thus, improvements in line with these suggestions, including effective stakeholder engagement, are necessary to increase AEFI reporting.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood socioeconomic position and healthy ageing: results from five harmonised cohort studies in the ATHLOS consortium.","authors":"Yu-Tzu Wu, Sam Gnanapragasam, Albert Sanchez-Niubo, Muhammad Zakir Hossin, Ilona Grünberger, Seppo Koskinen, Rachel Cooper, Matthew Prina","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001590","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Childhood socioeconomic position (SEP) has been identified as a key determinant of health. However, earlier literature is largely from high-income countries and provides limited evidence on the prolonging impacts of childhood disadvantage on healthy ageing across diverse settings and populations. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between childhood SEP and healthy ageing across multiple countries and the mediation effects of adult SEP, individual education and wealth, on these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the harmonised dataset of five cohort studies in the Ageing Trajectories of Health-Longitudinal Opportunities and Synergies (ATHLOS) project, this study was based on 57 956 people aged ≥50 years (women: 53.3%) living in China, Finland, UK, Poland, South Africa and Mexico. The associations between childhood SEP (parental education and occupation) and healthy ageing scores were examined using linear regression modelling. Causal mediation analysis was carried out to estimate the percentage of indirect effects via adult SEP (individual education and wealth).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher levels of childhood SEP were associated with higher healthy ageing scores by up to five points and similar patterns were observed across populations from different countries. The associations were mediated by adult SEP and the range of mediation effects was between 21% and 78%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found childhood SEP was associated with poor health in later life across high-income, middle-income and low-income countries. Addressing socioeconomic disadvantage, such as improving education attainment, may moderate the impacts of adversity in early life and support health and functioning in later life.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001590"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighbourhood immigrant density and COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation among healthcare workers in Sweden: a register-based observational study.","authors":"Chioma Nwaru, Carl Bonander, Huiqi Li, Ailiana Santosa, Jesper Löve, Fredrik Nyberg","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001501","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We investigated whether living in immigrant-dominated neighbourhoods constituted a risk factor for COVID-19 infection and hospitalisation among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Sweden, and if so, whether such exposure exacerbated the risk of COVID-19 among immigrant HCWs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used population-based register data from HCWs aged 20-62 years (N=86 187) resident in 14 Swedish municipalities (3 of which are Sweden's largest metropolitan cities) on 1 January 2020. Residential neighbourhoods of the HCWs were categorised into three groups: Swedish-dominated, mixed and immigrant-dominated. Multilevel mixed-effects survival regression was used for the association analyses, with control for relevant confounding variables. The results are reported as HRs, with 95% CIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1 January 2020 to 30 September 2022, we recorded 39 746 COVID-19 infections and 860 COVID-19-related hospitalisations. Except during the first wave of the pandemic, living in immigrant-dominated (adjusted HR 0.98; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.01) or mixed (adjusted HR 1.02; 95% CI 0.99 to 1.05) neighbourhoods was not associated with COVID-19 infection, but living in these areas was associated with an increased risk of having COVID-19-related hospitalisation throughout the study period. Immigrant HCWs, regardless of their neighbourhood of residence, had approximately 2-fold higher risk of being hospitalised for COVID-19 than non-immigrant HCWs living in Swedish-dominated neighbourhoods.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among HCWs in Sweden, neighbourhood immigrant density constituted a risk factor for COVID-19-related hospitalisation. However, immigrant HCWs had an elevated risk of COVID-19-related hospitalisation regardless of where they lived.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating stress management approaches, types of social support and postpartum mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study based in the United States.","authors":"Peyton Williams, Sophia Campbell, Theresa E Gildner, Suzanna Geisel-Zamora, Zaneta Thayer","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001017","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong></p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Reduced psychological well-being during the postnatal period may impair a birthing parent's ability to care for themselves and their child. We investigated stress management approaches, social support types, and the association between perceived social support and postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum anxiety (PPA) among a cohort of postpartum individuals in the United States who gave birth during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This study uses Wave 3 data from the COVID-19 and Reproductive Effects study. Qualitative data from previous data collection waves were used to define social support types. Multilinear regression models evaluated the association between perceived social support, PPD and PPA.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>An online convenience sample.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Participants were approximately 12 months postpartum (mean 11.93 months, SD=2.03). Data were collected between July and September 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Complete data were available from 252 postpartum individuals (mean age=32.2 years). Playing with their children, watching television, connecting with others in person, engaging in social media and exercising were the five most commonly reported stress management strategies. Emotional support was the most commonly reported type of social support. Higher perceived social support was associated with lower PPD (B=-1.3, p value <0.0001, 95% CI=-1.7 to -0.8) and PPA (B=-2.3, p value <0.0001, 95% CI=-3.0 to -1.6).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social support was an important way through which postpartum individuals managed stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Playing with children, which may have been facilitated by work-from-home policies, and online interactions emerged as surprising adaptations to stress. Policymakers and healthcare systems should consider ways to increase opportunities for birthing parents to engage in these sorts of interactions (eg, extended parental leave policies and interventions to enhance perceived social support), especially during crises. Doing so may improve health outcomes for birthing parents and their children.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883877/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitation interventions and outcomes for post-COVID condition: a scoping review.","authors":"Emily G Saunders, Dimitra V Pouliopoulou, Erin Miller, Nicole Billias, Joy C MacDermid, Laura Brunton, Tiago V Pereira, Kieran L Quinn, Pavlos Bobos","doi":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001827","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bmjph-2024-001827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Several rehabilitation interventions have been proposed to support people with post-COVID-19 condition (PCC). However, the full spectrum of these interventions remains unclear, partly due to the complexity of PCC, which encompasses a broad range of symptoms affecting multiple organ systems and health domains. This scoping review aimed to identify the available rehabilitation interventions for PCC and the outcome measures used to evaluate them, to facilitate the development of multifaceted interventions and improve patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following the Joanna Briggs Institute Framework, we searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsychINFO, CENTRAL and Scopus databases from inception to 22 January 2024 for experimental and observational studies investigating rehabilitation interventions for adults with PCC. Interventions and their corresponding outcome measures were synthesised based on targeted outcomes aligned with the most common manifestations of PCC. The quality of intervention reporting was assessed using the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 74 studies; 28 randomised trials (37.8%) and 46 observational and quasi-experimental designs (62.2%). Most interventions consisted of different combinations of education, exercises and therapies to manage dyspnoea, fatigue and psychological symptoms, such as anxiety and depression. Few studies addressed postexertional malaise, cognitive function, memory, balance and coordination. At least half of the included studies required a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection for participant inclusion. Reporting on adherence rates was limited, and 65% of the studies did not report adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a need for more comprehensive and inclusive approaches that address the full spectrum of PCC symptomatology to improve patient care and enhance the reproducibility of future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":101362,"journal":{"name":"BMJ public health","volume":"3 1","pages":"e001827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}