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Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Review Regarding the Variants and their Effects on Vaccine Efficacies. 快速演变的 SARS-CoV-2 :变种及其对疫苗效力影响的简要回顾。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265271109231129112515
Shahid Nawaz, Sara Janiad, Aiman Fatima, Maira Saleem, Urooj Fatima, Asad Ali
{"title":"Rapidly Evolving SARS-CoV-2: A Brief Review Regarding the Variants and their Effects on Vaccine Efficacies.","authors":"Shahid Nawaz, Sara Janiad, Aiman Fatima, Maira Saleem, Urooj Fatima, Asad Ali","doi":"10.2174/0118715265271109231129112515","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265271109231129112515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the commencement of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in millions of mortalities globally, the efforts to minimize the damages have equally been up to the task. One of those efforts includes the mass vaccine development initiative targeting the deadly Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). So far, vaccines have tremendously decreased the rate of transmission and infection in most parts of the world. However, the repeated resurgence of different types of mutated versions of the virus, also known as variants, has somehow created uncertainties about the efficacies of different types of vaccines. This review discusses some of the interesting SARS-CoV-2 features, including general structure, genomics, and mechanisms of variants development and their consequent immune escape. This review also focuses very briefly on antigenic drift, shift, and vaccine-developing platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"58-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Different Strategies Targeting Gut Microbiota for the Management of Several Disorders: A Sustainable Approach. 针对肠道微生物群的不同策略可治疗多种疾病:一种可持续的方法。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265267536231121095634
Mahima Chowdhury, Neil Raj Chaudhary, Paranjeet Kaur, Anju Goyal, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
{"title":"Different Strategies Targeting Gut Microbiota for the Management of Several Disorders: A Sustainable Approach.","authors":"Mahima Chowdhury, Neil Raj Chaudhary, Paranjeet Kaur, Anju Goyal, Sanjeev Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.2174/0118715265267536231121095634","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265267536231121095634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A potential limelight is flashed on the Gut Microbiota (GM) in the human body, which confers additional psychological as well as physiological attributes to health. Other than just occupying a wide portion of the gastrointestinal tract, it also plays numerous functions in the systems of the body. Gut Microbiota is largely responsible for a considerably vast array of conditions such as obesity, diabetes ,other metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular disorders. Strategies targeting the gut microbiota have been proposed as a promising approach for the management of these disorders.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to summarize the different strategies targeting the gut microbiota for the management of several disorders and to highlight the importance of a sustainable approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using various databases between 2008 and 2022 that focused on the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, dietary interventions, and antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Different strategies targeting the gut microbiota for the management of several disorders were identified, including probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and dietary interventions. Modification in diet and lifestyle, allowing favorable microbiota growth in the stomach, intake of prebiotics and probiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation are amongst the widely accepted recent approaches allowing the application of GM in the field of treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although considerable steps in enhancing and understanding the mechanism of treatment with the help of gut microbiota are under progress, much diversified and elaborate research must be conducted in order to enhance and implement the use of GM with high effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e160124225675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stratified Mucin-Producing Intraepithelial Lesion of the Cervix in an HPV-16 Positive Woman: A Rare Encounter. 一名 HPV- 16 阳性妇女的宫颈分层粘液上皮内病变:罕见病例。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265284722240110114107
Naina Kumar, Mishu Mangla, Seetu Palo, Spandana Gabbeta, J Aparna
{"title":"Stratified Mucin-Producing Intraepithelial Lesion of the Cervix in an HPV-16 Positive Woman: A Rare Encounter.","authors":"Naina Kumar, Mishu Mangla, Seetu Palo, Spandana Gabbeta, J Aparna","doi":"10.2174/0118715265284722240110114107","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265284722240110114107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally and has a strong association with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Stratified mucinproducing intraepithelial lesion (SMILE), a variant of Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS), is a rare cervical precancer lesion that is often missed or detected incidentally.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The present case report briefs the finding of a 39-year-old woman who presented to the gynecological outpatient department with complaints of vaginal discharge for 6-8 months. She had no history of irregular menstrual cycles or postcoital bleeding. Her routine Pap smear revealed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) and was positive for HPV-16 type. Her cervical biopsy report revealed AIS and her histopathological report of hysterectomy revealed SMILE, a variant of AIS.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The SMILE variant of AIS is a rare cervical precancerous lesion characterized by the morphological overlap of both squamous intraepithelial lesions and AIS. It is often difficult to diagnose on Pap smear and is commonly associated with high-risk HPV infections. The management of SMILE is the same as that for AIS, which is the excisional procedure followed by a hysterectomy if the margins are negative and depending on the fertility desires of the patient, followed by regular follow-up with HPV testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SMILE is a rare variant of AIS, which is often missed on cytological screening of the cervix. It is commonly associated with high-risk types of HPV. Hence, incorporating HPV testing in the screening of cervical cancer is important and recommended to increase the overall sensitivity of screening for adenocarcinoma lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e290124226396"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139577261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Antigen B Purified from Sheep Hydatid Cyst Fluid (HCF) with Commercial ELISA Kit. 从绵羊包虫囊液 (HCF) 中提纯的抗原 B 与商用酶联免疫吸附试剂盒的诊断性能比较。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265281114240131045945
Fatemeh Abdollahpour Darzi, Hossein Asgarian-Omran, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Reza Valadan, Maryam Hataminejad, Sabah Mayahi, Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh, Toktam Abbasi, Tahereh Mikaeili Galeh, Mahdi Fakhar, Majid Fassihi Harandi, Shirzad Gholami
{"title":"Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Antigen B Purified from Sheep Hydatid Cyst Fluid (HCF) with Commercial ELISA Kit.","authors":"Fatemeh Abdollahpour Darzi, Hossein Asgarian-Omran, Shahabeddin Sarvi, Reza Valadan, Maryam Hataminejad, Sabah Mayahi, Seyyed Ali Shariatzadeh, Toktam Abbasi, Tahereh Mikaeili Galeh, Mahdi Fakhar, Majid Fassihi Harandi, Shirzad Gholami","doi":"10.2174/0118715265281114240131045945","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265281114240131045945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus. CE is a health problem in Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran. The purpose of this study was to purify subunit 8 KDa antigen B from crude sheep hydatid cyst fluid (HCF) and compare its sensitivity and specificity with a commercial human ELISA kit (PT-Hydatid-96).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>28 sera samples were collected from hydatid cyst patients who had surgery for a hydatid cyst and had their disease confirmed by pathology after the surgery. Furthermore, 35 samples of healthy individuals with no history of hydatid cysts were collected, as were nine serum samples from parasite-infected non-CE patients. HCF was obtained from sheep fertile cysts at a Sari slaughterhouse and used as an antigen. In an indirect ELISA test, the B antigen was employed, and the results were compared to those from a commercial ELISA kit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of this study were analyzed using the Kappa test. The commercial ELISA kit showed 17 cases (23.6%) positive, 44 cases (61.1%) negative, and 11 cases (15.3%) borderline. B antigen showed that 18 (25%), 43 (59.7 %), and 11 (15.3%) were positive, negative, and borderline, respectively. One sample (1.4% of 72 total samples) of 35 serum samples from healthy individuals was positive using B antigen-based ELISA. In addition, all nine serum samples from parasite-infected non-CE patients were negative for both tests. The sensitivity and specificity of the commercial ELISA kit have been evaluated at 60.7% and 100%, respectively. For B antigenbased ELISA, these values are 64.3 and 97.7%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antigen B produced from hydatid cyst fluid is a promising option for serological identification of hydatid cysts in both infected and healthy individuals. In an indirect ELISA test, hydatid fluid antigen could be used as a precise source of detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e200224227165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Imidazo[1,2-A]Pyridine: Potent Biological Activity, SAR and Docking Investigations (2017-2022). 咪唑并[1,2-A]吡啶:强效生物活性、SAR 和 Docking In-vestigations(2017-2022 年)。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265274067240223040333
Aditya Narayan, Shivkant Patel, Sunil B Baile, Surabhi Jain, Smriti Sharma
{"title":"Imidazo[1,2-A]Pyridine: Potent Biological Activity, SAR and Docking Investigations (2017-2022).","authors":"Aditya Narayan, Shivkant Patel, Sunil B Baile, Surabhi Jain, Smriti Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0118715265274067240223040333","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265274067240223040333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Regarding scientific research, Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine derivatives are constantly being developed due to the scaffold's intriguing chemical structure and varied biological activity. They are distinctive organic nitrogen-bridged heterocyclic compounds that have several uses in medicines, organometallics and natural products. It has become a vital tool for medicinal chemists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to gather scientific information on Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines derivative, Google, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and other databases were searched. In the current study, the medicinal value and therapeutic effect of Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines were investigated using above mentioned databases. The current study analyzed the detailed pharmacological activities of Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridine analogs through literature from diverse scientific research works.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Due to its wide range of biological activities, including antiulcer, anticonvulsant, antiprotozoal, anthelmintic, antiepileptic, antifungal, antibacterial, analgesic, antiviral, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antituberculosis, and antitumor properties, imidazopyridine is one of the most significant structural skeletons in the field of natural and pharmaceutical products. An imidazopyridine scaffold serves as the basis for a number of therapeutically utilized medications, including zolpidem, alpidem, olprinone, zolimidine, and necopidem.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This comprehensive study covers the period of the last five years, and it sheds light on the developments and emerging pharmacological actions of Imidazo[1,2-a] pyridines. Additionally, the structure-activity relationship and molecular docking studies are carefully documented throughout the paper, providing medicinal chemists with a clear picture for developing new drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e200324228067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140178579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Overview of the Global Alarming Increase of Multiple Drug Resistant: A Major Challenge in Clinical Diagnosis. 多重耐药性全球惊人增长综述:临床诊断面临的重大挑战。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/1871526523666230725103902
John Adewole Alara, Oluwaseun Ruth Alara
{"title":"An Overview of the Global Alarming Increase of Multiple Drug Resistant: A Major Challenge in Clinical Diagnosis.","authors":"John Adewole Alara, Oluwaseun Ruth Alara","doi":"10.2174/1871526523666230725103902","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871526523666230725103902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increased spreading of antibiotic resistance among different infectious agents has been a fast-growing public health challenge worldwide; this is because of the discovery of new resistance mechanisms and the reduction in quality and effective treatments of general pathogenic infections. This has caused unsuccessful microbial responses to standard therapy, which could lead to a higher risk of mortality, prolonged illness, and more expenditures for health care. Most parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses can produce a higher degree of multidrug resistance (MDR) with increased mortality and morbidity. Moreover, the establishment of MDR can be a natural phenomenon, improper utilization of antimicrobial drugs, lack of proper sanitary conditions, poor method of food handling, and absence of infection prevention and control (IPC), which could be responsible for the further spreading of MDR. Moreover, MDR helminth's mechanism of action can occur via genetic alterations in the drug transport, metabolisms and target sites. MDR bacterial mode of action such as cell wall synthesis inhibitors, DNA synthesis inhibitors and so on. However, there have been different approaches to managing and preventing multi-drug resistance. Hence, this review's aim is to educate the public about the global increase of multiple drug resistance and the danger ahead if appropriate measures are not put in place to combat microbial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e250723219043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71430792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Overview of Human Papillomavirus Infection. 人类乳头瘤病毒感染综述。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265257105231025112708
Mohammad Darvishi, Majid Nouri, Maziar Zahir, Maryam Asli, Seyed Zia Hejripoor, Ebrahim Karimi
{"title":"Overview of Human Papillomavirus Infection.","authors":"Mohammad Darvishi, Majid Nouri, Maziar Zahir, Maryam Asli, Seyed Zia Hejripoor, Ebrahim Karimi","doi":"10.2174/0118715265257105231025112708","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265257105231025112708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA oncogenic virus. HPV infection is the most common sexually transmitted disease, and is capable of infecting mucosal and cutaneous membranes of the anogenital, upper aerodigestive tract, and other head and neck mucosal regions. Although HPV infection is generally asymptomatic and can be easily resolved by the immune system, if it persists and progresses, it can lead to cancer. HPV is permanently responsible for 5% of human cancers. Malignant lesions related to HPV include oral and respiratory squamous cell carcinomas, and cervical and anogenital cancers. Currently, no specific treatment is available for HPV infection, and therapeutic procedures (tissue ablation, chemotherapy, cryotherapy, and immunomodulation) cannot eliminate the virus completely. Vaccination and cervical screening are two methods that have been developed to provide protection against oncogenic HPV. Unfortunately, no effective protocol for vaccination, prevention, testing, or treatment has yet been proposed in the developing countries. In this review, we have reviewed the knowledge gained from recent studies on virology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, epidemiology, prevention, and treatment of HPV infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e031123223107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of Omicron and Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence. 比较 SARS-CoV-2 的 Omicron 和 Delta 变体:当前证据的系统性回顾。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265279242240216114548
SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Amir Masoud Afsahi, Pegah Mirzapour, Arian Afzalian, Ramin Shahidi, Mohsen Dashti, Afsaneh Ghasemzadeh, Parinaz Paranjkhoo, Zahra Parsaei, Ava Pashaei, Parsa Mohammadi, Mohammad Sadeq Najafi, Sona Mahrokhi, Parisa Matini, Ali Moradi, Amirali Karimi, Solaiman Afroughi, Esmaeil Mehraeen, Omid Dadras
{"title":"Comparison of Omicron and Delta Variants of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.","authors":"SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Amir Masoud Afsahi, Pegah Mirzapour, Arian Afzalian, Ramin Shahidi, Mohsen Dashti, Afsaneh Ghasemzadeh, Parinaz Paranjkhoo, Zahra Parsaei, Ava Pashaei, Parsa Mohammadi, Mohammad Sadeq Najafi, Sona Mahrokhi, Parisa Matini, Ali Moradi, Amirali Karimi, Solaiman Afroughi, Esmaeil Mehraeen, Omid Dadras","doi":"10.2174/0118715265279242240216114548","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265279242240216114548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in late 2019 in Wuhan, China. In early 2020, the disease spread rapidly around the world. Since the pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved dramatically into a wide variety of variants endowed with devastating properties. As of March 6, 2022, five SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron strains have been identified. Due to the crucial importance of understanding the differences between the Omicron and Delta variants, this systematic review was conducted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review investigated new variants of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 based on current studies. Online databases were searched for English articles as of January 03, 2023. Selection of publications was a two-step process of title/abstract and full-text assessment against eligibility criteria. The relevant data from the included articles were systematically collected and organized in a designed table for analysis. To ensure the quality of the review, the PRISMA checklist and Newcastle- Ottawa Scale (NOS) of quality assessment were utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data extracted from 58 articles were analyzed, including 10003 pieces of evidence. Lower risk of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mortality after vaccination were reported in the Omicron variant compared to the Delta variant. Additionally, the Delta variant led to more severe clinical symptoms in comparison to the Omicron variant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 results in less severe disease outcomes as compared to Delta. Nevertheless, it remains crucial to maintain ongoing monitoring, implement containment measures, and adapt vaccination protocols to effectively address the evolving variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e050324227686"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140041224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Retrospective Study Comparing Mortality Rates between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients. 一项比较已接种疫苗和未接种疫苗的肾移植受者死亡率的回顾性研究。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265254866231121053403
Anaam Fayyaz, Judy Pozzerle, Suresh J Antony
{"title":"A Retrospective Study Comparing Mortality Rates between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Kidney Transplant Recipients.","authors":"Anaam Fayyaz, Judy Pozzerle, Suresh J Antony","doi":"10.2174/0118715265254866231121053403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265254866231121053403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><p>Background: With the emergence of vaccines for COVID-19, mortality and severity of disease have decreased. However, patients with certain comorbidities, such as immunosuppression, CKD, and renal transplant, still have higher mortality rates as compared to the general population. Current data suggests that the risk of developing COVID-19 among transplant patients was reported to be about 5%, which is significantly higher than the risk rate of 0.3% in the general population. Studies utilizing larger sample sizes (i.e., multiple cohorts, sites, hospitals) comparing COVID-19 outcomes among renal transplant patients with a control group are lacking. <p> Objective: The purpose of this descriptive study was to compare the mortality rate between vaccinated and unvaccinated kidney transplant recipients. <p> Methods: Participants were recruited at a community-based transplant clinic in West Texas. <p> Results: Among the group of participants who tested positive for COVID-19 between 2020 and 2022, higher mortality rates and longer hospital stays were noted among those unvaccinated (72% unvaccinated had greater than 5-day length of stay vs. 33% vaccinated). <p> Conclusion: Our study suggests that vaccination against COVID-19 decreases mortality rates in kidney transplant recipients.</p>.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":"24 4","pages":"72-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Nutritional Status in Leprosy Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. 麻风病患者的营养状况:系统回顾和荟萃分析。
Infectious disorders drug targets Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.2174/0118715265263893231102114955
Hemasri Velmurugan, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju
{"title":"Nutritional Status in Leprosy Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Hemasri Velmurugan, Pugazhenthan Thangaraju","doi":"10.2174/0118715265263893231102114955","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265263893231102114955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Leprosy, a chronic mycobacterial disease, is frequently accompanied by malnutrition. However, it is important to regularly assess the nutritional state of leprosy patients in a resource-poor nation like India, where undernutrition is widespread.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to compare the nutritional status of leprosy patients to that of normal individuals using the body mass index.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The electronic databases PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase were used to conduct an open literature search. From 1st January 2000 to 31st January 2023, all articles were screened using the following MeSH terms: (nutrition OR body mass index OR body weight) AND (leprosy OR lepra) to find possibly relevant articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This meta-analysis includes five research studies with a total of 1173 individuals (363 patients in the leprosy group and 810 patients in the non-leprosy group). The weighted mean difference (WMD) for BMI studies was -17.88 (95% CI -27.65 to -8.12), showing that there was a significant difference in BMI < 18.5 between leprosy patients and non-leprosy patients. There was a significant difference in DDS score and HFIAS score between patients with leprosy and non-leprosy. In a total of 342 leprosy patients, 206 developed deformities.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research increases our understanding of nutrition and leprosy. The results found that people with leprosy are nutritionally at a distinct disadvantage when compared to non-leprosy patients. It emphasises the several ways in which diet may generate circumstances that increase the risk of leprosy.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e211123223670"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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