Infectious disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of Antibiotic Actinomycin D Isolated from <i>Streptomyces parvulus</i> Collected from Marine Sponge of Barrang Lompo Island, Makassar, Indonesia.","authors":"Herlina Rante, Gemini Alam, Yosi Bayu Murti, Alimuddin Ali","doi":"10.2174/0118715265306848240719061135","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265306848240719061135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microorganisms associated with sea sponges have proven to be good natural product resources that are biologically active and pharmaceutically important.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aimed to identify actinomycetes related to a sponge from Barranglompo Island Makassar and the antibacterial compounds.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Identification of actinomycetes was based on molecular characterization of sequence gen16S rRNA. The antibacterial compound was separated using vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The structure determination was done based on spectroscopy 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 2D NMR, and mass spectra.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Molecular characterization showed that actinomycetes strain BLP 20 had the closest relationship with Streptomyces parvulus and Uncultured Streptomyces sp. with a similarity value of 83%. The results obtained from the characterization of antibacterial compounds based on spectroscopic data indicate that these compounds lead to Actinomycin D.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Characterization and identification of Strain 20 / BLP by molecular phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequences revealed the closest relationship with Uncultured Streptomyces sp and S. parvulus with a similarity value of 83%, which indicated a new species. The structure of the active compound isolated from actinomycetes strain 20 / BLP leads to Actinomycin D.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265306848"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142083030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative Bedaquiline-Based Delivery Systems for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment.","authors":"Asad Ahmad, Juber Akhtar, Mohammad Ahmad, Anas Islam, Badruddeen, Mohammad Irfan Khan, Mohsin Vahid Khan, Mohammad Owais","doi":"10.2174/0118715265318306240816104553","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265318306240816104553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is one of the most challenging tasks in tuberculosis treatment. Conventional TB treatment regimens have proven ineffective in treating MDR-TB, thus demanding the development of new drugs followed by delivery systems. Bedaquiline, a novel anti-TB drug, has been reported to inhibit the ATP synthase required for the growth and replication of TB bacteria. Bedaquiline is able to target the persistent or latent form of TB, which remains difficult to treat with conventional drugs. This makes bedaquiline an important drug in the fight against MDR-TB. The drug has been approved by the US FDA as well as European Medicines Agency and is now widely used as part of combination therapy for the treatment of MDR-TB. Bedaquiline and its advanced drug delivery system play a key role in tackling MDR-TB, providing a much-needed boost to control and eventually eliminate the disease. However, the cost of the drug remains a concern, and efforts are underway to make bedaquiline more accessible and affordable to patients in resource-limited settings. Nevertheless, the development of bedaquiline nanoformulations represents a significant step forward in the fight against TB and offers hope to millions of patients across the globe.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265318306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Epigallocatechin Gallate (EGCG) in Treatment and Management of Sexually Transmitted Viral Infections.","authors":"Ozge Yilmaz, Alev Onder","doi":"10.2174/0118715265319110240916061200","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265319110240916061200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tea is obtained from the young leaves and shoots of the evergreen perennial plant <i>Camellia sinensis</i> (L.) Kuntze, the most popular and frequently consumed product using a natural beverage worldwide. Some kinds of tea products, such as green tea, black tea, and oolong tea, have assorted flavors depending on the manufacturing techniques. Green tea has been studied for many years for its important beneficial effects, including anticancer, antiobesity, anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and cardiovascular effects. These effects are primarily associated with tea polyphenols, and regular consumption has been reported to decrease the incidence of some chronic diseases. Current studies support that green tea catechins play an important role in healing and improving the pathology of many diseases. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the most a highly found polyphenol in the leaves and is of great interest for its protective role in the prevention of diseases. Therefore, this review presents the efficacy and possible mechanisms of EGCG against sexually transmitted viruses. Moreover, EGCG and its derivatives are recognized as safe bioactive phytochemicals for external and internal use in preventing and treating viral STIs and other concurrent infections. Multidisciplinary studies are essential to discover cheaper, safer, and more effective treatments using EGCG and its derivatives to improve the toxicity and formulations of viral STI medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265319110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Mechanisms of Polyphenols against <i>Clostridium Difficile</i>: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Mohammad Darvishi, Seyed Mahmoud Reza Hashemi Rafsanjani, Majid Nouri, Saber Abbaszadeh, Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani, Karamali Kasiri, Ghorbanali Rahimian","doi":"10.2174/0118715265313944240726115600","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265313944240726115600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Clostridium difficile is an opportunistic infection that can lead to antibiotic- associated diarrhea and toxic megacolon.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review study aimed to investigate polyphenols' antibacterial and antitoxin properties and their effects on reducing complications related to C. difficile Infections (CDI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA guideline 2020. Multiple databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Scopus, were searched thoroughly for existing literature. After considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria for the review, 18 articles were included. Data were collected and registered into an Excel file for further investigations and conclusions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Polyphenols by reducing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, increasing inflammatory factor Interleukin 10 (IL-10), reducing Nuclear Factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Tumour Necrosis Factor- α (TNF-α), IL-6, IL-1α, IL-1β, Granulocyte Colony-stimulating Factor (G-CSF), and Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) and Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) levels, and regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, make the growth and replication conditions of <i>C. difficile</i> more difficult and prevent it from producing toxins. Furthermore, polyphenols can exhibit prebiotic properties, promoting the growth of beneficial <i>Bifidobacterium</i> and <i>Lactobacillus</i> species and consequently regulating gut microbiota, exerting antimicrobial activities against C. difficile. They also induce their beneficial effects by inhibiting the production of <i>C. difficile</i> TcdA and TcdB.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Polyphenols have been reported to inhibit C. difficile growth and toxin production by several mechanisms in preclinical studies. However, more clinical studies are needed to investigate their safety in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265313944"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142135050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparison of Antibiotics' Resistance Patterns of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> in their Biofilms and Planktonic Forms.","authors":"Shagun Sharma, Vandana Jhalora, Shubhita Mathur, Renu Bist","doi":"10.2174/0118715265278809240101073539","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265278809240101073539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A biofilm refers to a community of microbial cells that adhere to surfaces that are surrounded by an extracellular polymeric substance. Bacteria employ various defence mechanisms, including biofilm formation, to enhance their survival and resistance against antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current study aims to investigate the resistance patterns of <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</i> and <i>Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis)</i> in both biofilms and their planktonic forms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>E. coli and B. subtilis were used to compare resistance patterns in biofilms versus planktonic forms of bacteria. An antibiotic disc diffusion test was performed to check the resistance pattern of biofilm and planktonic bacteria against different antibiotics such as penicillin G, streptomycin, and ampicillin. Biofilm formation and its validation were done by using quantitative (microtiter plate assay) and qualitative analysis (Congo red agar media).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A study of surface-association curves of <i>E. coli</i> and <i>B. subtilis</i> revealed that surface adhesion in biofilms was continuously constant as compared to their planktonic forms, thereby confirming the increased survival of bacteria in biofilms. Also, biofilms have shown high resistance towards the penicillin G, ampicillin and streptomycin as compared to their planktonic form.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is safely inferred that E. coli and B. subtilis, in their biofilms, become increasingly resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin and streptomycin.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e310724232507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141877168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Echoes of the Black Death: Yersinia Pestis Resurgence and Public Health Perspectives.","authors":"Anish Soni, Prabhjot Kaur, Naresh Kumar Rangra","doi":"10.2174/0118715265318459240721195503","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265318459240721195503","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265318459"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141904118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Significant Microbial Pathogenesis Perspective of Biliary Diseases.","authors":"Chandra Kant Sharma","doi":"10.2174/0118715265302000240913092037","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265302000240913092037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review explores various biliary tract diseases caused by different organisms, including cholelithiasis, hepatolithiasis, and choledocholithiasis. The biliary tract's primary functions include collecting, storing, concentrating, and delivering bile juice produced by the liver. Neurohormonal systems involving the vagus and splanchnic nerves, alongside cholecystokinin, regulate gallbladder movement during fasting and digestion. Under normal conditions, bile acids play a crucial role, with approximately 95% being reabsorbed by the intestinal epithelium and returned to the liver via the portal vein system. The liver, often hailed as a miracle worker, detoxifies, purifies, and regenerates, performi ng essential functions in the body. Recent research indicates that the gallbladder, akin to the intestine, harbors a diverse microbiota. Additionally, the biliary mucosa features chemical, mechanical, and immunological barriers that promote immunological tolerance. Hepatotoxicity remains a significant global health concern and a leading cause of mortality. Providing clear and accurate information on liver toxicity is critical, especially in the context of medication safety and public health. By refining these elements, this review can effectively convey the complexity and importance of biliary tract diseases and liver function in health and disease contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265302000"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening and Identification of Natural Compounds as Potential Inhibitors of Glutamate Racemase, an Emerging Drug Target of Food Pathogen <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7: An <i>In-silico</i> Approach to Combat Increasing Drug Resistance.","authors":"Rajnish Kumar, Samarth Gupta, Sujata Adhana, Anoushka Khanna, Sibasis Sahoo, Muniba Faiza, Renu Baweja, Archna Pandey, Avneesh Mittal, Uma Chaudhry","doi":"10.2174/0118715265306131240809095241","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265306131240809095241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (<i>E. coli</i>) O157:H7, capable of causing serious food-borne illnesses, is extensively studied and is known to be transmitted through animal reservoirs or person-to-person contact, leading to severe disease outbreaks. The emergence of antibiotic resistance in these strains, coupled with increased adverse effects of existing therapeutics, underscores the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate Glutamate Racemase (MurI protein) of the food-pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7 (EC MurI) as a novel drug target. Furthermore, the study seeks to identify new compounds with potential inhibitory effects against this protein.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using computational tools, the study identified inhibitor binding sites on EC MurI and identified relevant inhibitors capable of binding to these sites. Molecular docking techniques were employed to assess potential hits, and selected compounds were further analyzed for their structural activity and binding affinity to the protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the study revealed that Frigocyclinone and Deslanoside, exhibited the best binding affinity with EC-MurI. Subsequent molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of the selected complexes indicated that both compounds were stable. This suggests that Frigocyclinone and Deslanoside have the potential to serve as potent inhibitors of EC-MurI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this study highlights the urgent need for alternative therapies against food-pathogenic <i>E. coli</i>, focusing on <i>E. coli</i> O157:H7. Evaluation of Glutamate Racemase as a drug target identified Frigocyclinone and Deslanoside as promising inhibitors. MD simulations indicated their stability, suggesting their potential as lead molecules for further research and treatment development.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265306131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum microRNA Biomarker Expression in HIV and TB: A Concise Overview.","authors":"Shweta Kushwaha, Anjana Goel, Ajay Vir Singh","doi":"10.2174/0118715265305638240930054842","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265305638240930054842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), specifically MicroRNAs or miRNAs, are now understood to be essential regulators in the complex field of gene expression. By selectively binding to certain mRNA targets, these tiny RNA molecules control the expression of genes, leading to mRNA degradation or translational repression. The discovery of miRNAs has significantly advanced biomedical research, particularly in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying various diseases and exploring innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent progress in miRNA research has provided insights into their biogenesis, functional roles, and potential clinical applications. Despite the absence of established methodologies for clinical implementation, miRNAs show great promise as diagnostic and therapeutic agents for a wide array of diseases. Their distinctive attributes, such as high specificity, sensitivity, and accessibility, position them as ideal candidates for biomarker development and targeted therapy. Achieving a comprehensive understanding of miRNA biology and functionality is crucial to fully harnessing their potential in medicine. Ongoing research efforts aim to unravel the intricate mechanisms of miRNA-mediated gene regulation and to develop novel approaches for utilizing miRNAs in disease diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of current knowledge on miRNAs, focusing on their biogenesis, regulatory mechanisms, and potential clinical applications. By synthesizing existing evidence and highlighting key research findings, this review aims to inspire further exploration into the diverse roles of miRNAs in health and disease. Ultimately, this endeavour could result in the development of innovative miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265305638"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug Discovery and Exploration of Heterocycles for the Development of Anti-HIV Agents.","authors":"Mayura A Kale, Mamata V Jain","doi":"10.2174/0118715265290911240611072422","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265290911240611072422","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is a known fact that HIV infection remains a serious public health problem throughout the world, and the need to constantly develop new antiretroviral drugs to combat HIV emerges from the fact that repetitive mutations occurring in viral enzymes make this virus resistant to antiretroviral drugs. This resistance causes failure of treatment, and hence, for many years, extensive research has been to discover newer possibilities for fighting this disease at a molecular level, along with many long-standing and expensive clinical trials. Many scientific research programs have either been discarded or unsuccessful. However, the research has not stopped, and in the process, many heterocyclic scaffolds have been used to build up novel drug molecules to combat this disease. A literature survey reveals that many heterocycles have been explored and were found to be very useful in treating different types of viral infections. This concise and rigorous literature explains the journey and highlights the various strategies to develop new anti-HIV drug candidates.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":"e18715265290911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142057779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}