Infectious disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Flavonoids: Potential Novel Inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","authors":"Kakudji Kisimba, Kabange Kasumbwe, Frederick Odun-Ayo, Mbuso Faya","doi":"10.2174/0118715265361578250504110100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265361578250504110100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB) is a major global health concern and a leading cause of death world-wide. The emergence of drug-resistant TB strains poses a significant threat to public health and is contributing to the growing rate of TB infections globally. Therefore, it is crucial to explore new and safe drugs for TB treatment. Despite significant progress in developing new drugs, many ex-isting treatments and prevention strategies for TB do not achieve the desired positive health out-comes for various reasons. Small-molecule treatments can potentially address drug resistance and provide opportunities for multimodal therapy. This review focuses on recent advancements in un-derstanding the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the mechanisms of flavonoids in antimycobacterial properties. Given the urgent need for new antimycobacterial agents to enhance the effectiveness of current drugs, investigating flavonoids as potential candidates is promising. Evidence suggests that specific structural characteristics in flavonoids play a significant role in their antimycobacterial effects, among other pharmacological activities. Flavonoids can act through various mechanisms, such as disrupting bacterial cell membranes or inhibiting the produc-tion of essential cellular components like DNA. These findings may prompt further research to enhance our understanding of how flavonoids combat tuberculosis, potentially establishing their importance as key compounds in treating the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Sides of the Same Coin: Human Papillomavirus-driven Vulval Intraepithelial Neoplasia and Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Postmenopausal Woman: A Rare Case Report.","authors":"Gabbeta Spandana, Naina Kumar, Immanuel Pradeep, Srujana Veldi, Jarathi Aparna, Anusha Devalla","doi":"10.2174/0118715265378101250611104752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265378101250611104752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vulvar cancer, a rare malignancy of the female genital tract, accounts for approximately 4% of all gynaecological cancers. Among vulvar malignancies, Squamous Cell Car-cinoma (SCC) constitutes about 90% of the cases, frequently arising from precursor lesions, such as Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia (VIN). This case report describes an unusual presentation of both premalignant and malignant vulvar lesions in a postmenopausal, post-hysterectomized woman, high-lighting diffuse p16 positivity on immunohistochemistry. This finding underscores the potential role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of vulvar SCC.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 73-year-old multiparous, post-menopausal woman presented with a five-month his-tory of vulvar growth accompanied by intense vulval itching and vaginal discharge. Initially referred by the dermatology department as a case of condyloma acuminatum for gynaecological evaluation, her local examination revealed three distinct lesions on the vulva: an exophytic, cauliflower-like warty lesion on the left labia majora; a blackish, pigmented maculopapular lesion on the right labia majora; and a friable, warty lesion over the clitoris extending beneath the clitoral hood. A wide local excision was performed, and histopathological examination of the left and right labial growths indi-cated VIN Grade 3. The biopsy from the clitoral lesion revealed features of SCC. Immunohistochem-ical analysis demonstrated diffuse p16 positivity in the tumor cells of the clitoral lesion, supporting an HPV-associated etiology. Subsequently, the patient underwent a modified radical vulvectomy with bilateral lymphadenectomy. Histopathological findings confirmed SCC of the vulva, staged as IB, with no lymph node involvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case emphasizes the diverse presentation of vulvar lesions and the critical role of HPV in vulvar carcinogenesis, particularly in postmenopausal women.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144546715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Importance of Early Source Control in Persistent MRSA Bacteremia: A Case Report.","authors":"Jack Demirjian, Paul Mathew","doi":"10.2174/0118715265374832250604114516","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265374832250604114516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persistent bacteremia, despite the susceptibility of the causative organism to appropriate antimicrobial therapy, presents a major clinical challenge. In such cases, early identifica-tion and control of the infectious source are essential to prevent complications and reduce mortality.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the case of a 59-year-old woman with persistent Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) bacteremia following spinal surgery. Despite multiple days of in-travenous antibiotic therapy, her blood cultures remained positive for MRSA. A tagged white blood cell (Technetium-99) scan revealed an abscess in the right sacroiliac joint. Surgical drainage of the abscess led to clinical improvement and resolution of bacteremia. Interestingly, cultures of the ab-scess fluid grew Enterococcus faecalis rather than MRSA.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This case underscores the importance of early source control in the management of per-sistent bacteremia. Even when the pathogen isolated from the presumed source differs from that in the bloodstream, drainage can play a critical role in resolving systemic infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Early source control should be pursued in persistent bacteremia, regardless of initial culture results. Imaging studies may assist in locating occult sources, and successful drainage may contribute to clinical improvement even when the primary bloodstream pathogen is not isolated from the source.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Different Diagnostic Modalities for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients with Functional Dyspepsia and Peptic Ulcer Disease.","authors":"Shikhir Malhotra, Ashish Agarwal, Vibhor Tak, Kumar S Abhishek, Sarika P Kombade, Ravisekhar Gadepalli, Chhagan Lal Birda, Vandana Solanki, Poonam Elhence","doi":"10.2174/0118715265353431250604133427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265353431250604133427","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are several diagnostic techniques for detecting Helicobacter pylori, the most common of which are upper GI endoscopic biopsies and stool specimens as optimal sam-ples. The goal of this study was to detect and compare H. pylori infection using the following tech-niques: rapid urease test (RUT), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), culture, histopathology, and stool antigen test (SAT), as well as to assess their validity in detecting H. pylori infection.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Patients with dyspepsia who presented to the Department of Gastroenterology's Out-patient Department and In-Patient Department between September 2021 and December 2022 were screened (Rome IV criteria). Endoscopy was used to diagnose and recruit patients with Functional dyspepsia (FD) and Peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Each biopsy sample was subjected to a battery of microbiological testing. Patients were considered infected with H. pylori if any three of five tests were found to be positive. The outcomes of all diagnostic modalities were documented and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 171 patients were enrolled; the majority of them were male (62.60%), with a median age of 43 years. In 120 cases (70.18%), H. pylori was identified. The RUT showed the following results: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy: 91.67%, 74.51%, 89.43%, 79.17%, and 86.55%; PCR (ureC gene): 91.67%, 100%, 100%, 83.61%, and 94.15%; Histopathology: 61.67%, 100%, 100%, 52.58%, and 73.10%; and SAT: 87.50%, 94.12%, 97.22%, 76.19%, and 89.47%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study sheds light on the various diagnostic modalities and their efficacy in detecting H. pylori infection. Since several diagnostics are available for detecting H. pylori infec-tion, the question of which method to use arises. Thus, the sensitivity, specificity, availability, ra-pidity in obtaining results, and availability of the test, with added value such as detection of patho-genic qualities, must all be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Deep Neural Network Framework for the Detection of Bacterial Diseases from Chest X-Ray Scans.","authors":"Shruti Jain, Himanshu Jindal, Monika Bharti","doi":"10.2174/0118715265358132250429115426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265358132250429115426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This research aims to develop an advanced deep-learning framework for detecting respiratory diseases, including COVID-19, pneumonia, and tuberculosis (TB), using chest X-ray scans.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Deep Neural Network (DNN)-based system was developed to analyze medical images and extract key features from chest X-rays. The system leverages various DNN learning algorithms to study X-ray scan color, curve, and edge-based features. The Adam optimizer is employed to minimize error rates and enhance model training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A dataset of 1800 chest X-ray images, consisting of COVID-19, pneumonia, TB, and typical cases, was evaluated across multiple DNN models. The highest accuracy was achieved using the VGG19 model. The proposed system demonstrated an accuracy of 94.72%, with a sensitivity of 92.73%, a specificity of 96.68%, and an F1-score of 94.66%. The error rate was 5.28% when trained with 80% of the dataset and tested on 20%. The VGG19 model showed significant accuracy improvements of 32.69%, 36.65%, 42.16%, and 8.1% over AlexNet, GoogleNet, InceptionV3, and VGG16, respectively. The prediction time was also remarkably low, ranging between 3 and 5 seconds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed deep learning model efficiently detects respiratory diseases, including COVID-19, pneumonia, and TB, within seconds. The method ensures high reliability and efficiency by optimizing feature extraction and maintaining system complexity, making it a valuable tool for clinicians in rapid disease diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144201267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculous Broncho-Esophageal Fistula in an Adult Male: A Rare Case Managed Conservatively.","authors":"Jitendra Singh, Nilesh Kumar, Abhishek Borkotoky, Kailash Kumar, Sarvesh Verma, Anju Dinkar, Dawesh Prakash Yadav","doi":"10.2174/0118715265371254250519044856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265371254250519044856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It predominantly affects the lungs but can involve any organ in the body. Tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TEF) is one of the rare extrapulmonary manifestations of TB.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 27-year-old male, otherwise healthy, reported to our outpatient department with complaints of fever, persistent cough, and significant weight loss. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with tuberculous tracheo-oesophageal fistula and pulmonary tuberculosis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The patient had an elevated ESR (52 mm) and underwent multiple imaging studies, including two normal barium swallow tests. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) revealed two esophageal ulcers, one with a fistulous tract. Biopsy results suggested chronic esophagitis with granulomatous inflammation. Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) of the thorax showed esophageal irregularities, air foci, and contrast extravasation into the bronchi, along with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and centrilobular nodules. Clinical and investigative findings suggested pulmonary tuberculosis with a tracheoesophageal fistula. The patient was discharged on a six-month antitubercular regimen with nutritional support via a nasogastric tube. Stent installation was planned if follow-up results were unfavorable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although tuberculosis is highly prevalent in India, TEF of tuberculous origin has been infrequently documented, particularly in young, healthy, immunocompetent individuals. The patient was successfully cured after initiating antitubercular therapy and subsequent follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomics Analysis and Sequential Events During the in-vivo Acquisition of Drug Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.","authors":"Amit Singh, Divakar Sharma, Krishnamoorthy Gopinath, Anil Kumar Gupta, Prashant Sharma, Deepa Bisht, Sarman Singh","doi":"10.2174/0118715265356091250519032548","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0118715265356091250519032548","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study was undertaken to compare the proteomic profile of sequential isolates of Beijing lineage Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis). from a patient who developed drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in vivo during anti-tuberculosis therapy (ATT).</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Various studies have found the Beijing lineage of M. tuberculosis strongly associated with multidrug resistance (MDR) development.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To identify and characterize the differentially expressed proteins during the in-vivo drug resistance conversion in M. tuberculosis Beijing lineage clinical isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drug-susceptible and drug-resistant M. tuberculosis isolates were confirmed as Beijing lineage. The isolates were grown in Middlebrook 7H9 medium for two weeks, and whole-cell lysate was prepared. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) was used for proteomic analysis, and differentially expressed proteins were identified using MALDI-TOF-MS. Bioinformatics tools were used for molecular docking, phosphorylation, and pupylation site prediction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen proteins were found overexpressed in drug-resistant isolates as compared to drug-susceptible isolates, including the six proteins with unknown functions. Molecular docking showed that Isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RIF) interacted with their conserved domains/active sites of these proteins.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We characterized two paired clinical isolates from a patient, one being INH and RIF susceptible and other resistant The comparative analysis of over expressed proteins showed that 5 of 17 proteins belonged to the cell wall and cell processes functional group, 3 to virulence, detoxifica-tion, adaptation functional group, and 3 to information pathways functional group, 2 proteins be-longed to insertion sequences and phage functional group, and 1 each (Rv0242c, Rv2970c and Rv3208A) to lipid metabolism, intermediary metabolism & respiration and regulatory functional group. We found that the Rv1827, Rv2626c, Rv2714, Rv2970c, Rv3208A, and Rv3881c proteins showed significant interaction in-silico with INH and RIF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These over-expressed proteins probably play an important role in drug resistance de-velopment, and further studies on drug resistance mechanisms could provide more details. We also believe that these over-expressed proteins could be used as biomarkers for early prediction of in-vivo drug-resistance development.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Precision Assay for Detection and Quantification of Anti-Prostate Specific Antigen Antibodies Using Indirect ELISA.","authors":"Naina Kumar, Labanyamoy Kole, Amit Kant Singh","doi":"10.2174/0118715265342094250423103513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265342094250423103513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or gamma-selenoprotein or kallikrein-3 (KLK3) is a glycoprotein enzyme secreted by the epithelial cells of the prostate glands. It plays a crucial role in male fertility and is commonly used as a marker of prostate cancer. Antibodies to PSA anti-gen might play a role in male immune infertility. To date, the tests available in the market pro-vide information only about the presence or absence of these antibodies in body fluids, which is further confirmed by the Western blot test. There are no tests available to quantify the amount of anti-PSA antibodies in human body fluid. Hence, the present patent relates to in vitro immuno-assay for detecting and quantifying anti-prostate specific antigen (anti-PSA) antibodies in a hu-man body fluid sample. In particular, the immunoassay is an indirect ELISA. The assay has demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, capable of detecting anti-PSA antibodies in body fluids within a range of 4.61 ng/mL to 431.37 ng/mL. To further validate the assay's specificity, additional experiments have been conducted using various samples, including chicken seminal fluid, and the serum and semen of azoospermic individuals. These samples, standardized to the same volume, have been incubated with a fixed amount of human PSA-coated antigen. Similar experiments have been performed with anti-human, anti-rabbit, anti-mouse, anti-horse, and anti-goat antibodies, further confirming the assay's specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multicentric Reticulohistiocytosis: Clinical Insights, Diagnostic Challenges, and Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Pujarani Pradhan, Anwesha Sahu, Tuhin Mukherjee, Satyajit Mohanty","doi":"10.2174/0118715265378791250512043331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265378791250512043331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Metabolite Production from Endophytic Fungi of Mezzetia parviflora Becc.: A Potential Natural Source of Antioxidants.","authors":"Alimuddin Ali, Mufidah Murdifin, Sultan Sudirman, Siti Hardiyanti Harahap, Rina Agustina, Abd Rahim, Hamdayani Lance Abidin, Herlina Rante, Gemini Alam","doi":"10.2174/0118715265340096250429055633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715265340096250429055633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ongkea (Mezzetia parviflora Becc.) is a plant species employed as the traditional medicine by the Buton district people in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. This traditional use suggests the plant's potential pharmacological activity, which may be associated with its endophytic fungi. Endophytic fungi, living symbiotically within plant tissues, are known to produce bioactive compounds that often mirror or enhance the host plant's therapeutic potential. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant activities of endophytic fungi, optimized the fermentation conditions for maximum production of bioactive metabolites, and compared the intracellular and extracellular antioxidant activities of the metabolites to gain a comprehensive understanding of their potential applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The related genera of endophytic fungi were determined by morphological and molecular analyses of the 18S rRNA gene. The antioxidant potential was assessed using methods involving DPPH free radical scavenging, hydrogen peroxide scavenging, and reducing power assays. Metabolite production was optimized by varying carbon and nitrogen sources.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the phylogenetic tree, the strain of endophytic fungi was assigned to Botryosphaeria sp. FUHM17, being closely related to Botryosphaeria sp. P483 KT213569. The most effective synthesis of antioxidant metabolites was demonstrated when glucose and yeast extract were employed as the respective carbon and nitrogen sources. The optimal production of antioxidant metabolites was observed when glucose and yeast extract were employed as a carbon source of 10 g/L glucose and a nitrogen source of 10 g/L yeast extract, respectively. Intracellular metabolites from selective fungi exhibited 26.67% DPPH scavenging activity after 10 days of culture. In addition, the intracellular and extracellular metabolite extracts had IC50 values of 208.07 μg/mL and 832.22 μg/mL, respectively. Compared to ascorbic acid (IC50: 5-10 μg/mL), the metabolites exhibited moderate antioxidant activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the present study, the antioxidant metabolite of endophytic fungi was obtained from culture filtrate and biomass extract and confirmed by HPLC analysis. The findings indicated that the metabolites generated by endophytic fungi obtained from Ongkea hold promise as a prospective reservoir of unique natural antioxidants.</p>","PeriodicalId":101326,"journal":{"name":"Infectious disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}