Water Biology and Security最新文献

{"title":"Interactive effects of warming and eutrophication on zooplankton could reverse the stoichiometric mismatch with phytoplankton","authors":"Konghao Zhu ,&nbsp;Huan Zhang ,&nbsp;Peiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Panpan Wang ,&nbsp;Hailu Li ,&nbsp;Mingjun Feng ,&nbsp;Huan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongxia Wang ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Jun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The core ecosystem functioning (e.g. trophic transfer efficiency) is at risk of being disrupted by the growing mismatch between nutrient content of primary producers and nutrient demand of grazing consumers. Ecological stoichiometry provides a conceptual framework that explains this trophic interaction using C, N and P elemental composition across trophic levels. In light of ongoing climate change and eutrophication, previous studies have raised concerns regarding the growing stoichiometric mismatch between phytoplankton and zooplankton, given the stoichiometric plasticity of phytoplankton. However, there is currently little conclusive evidence on the stoichiometric mismatch from a dual perspective of phytoplankton and zooplankton. To address this, we conducted a mesocosm experiment to investigate the separate and combined effects of climate warming (a constant increase of +3.5 ​°C plus heat waves) and eutrophication (nutrient addition) on stoichiometric mismatch between phytoplankton and zooplankton by examining stoichiometric changes in both communities. We observed a growing trend in stoichiometric mismatches when warming or nutrient addition acted individually, which was mediated by the increase in nutrient demand (N, P elements) of zooplankton growth. However, when these stressors acted jointly, the mismatches were reversed. This could be because climate warming and eutrophication combined would lead to changes in species composition, which accordingly reshaped the stoichiometric composition at the community level. These results illustrate the need of stoichiometric mismatches for understanding the implication of global change on trophic interactions and ecosystem functioning, requiring consideration not only of cross-trophic levels but also of compositional changes within communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49713359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of blubber thickness of the Yangtze finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis) in human care: Adaptation to environmental temperature","authors":"Bin Tang ,&nbsp;Yujiang Hao ,&nbsp;Chaoqun Wang ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Deng ,&nbsp;Guilin Shu ,&nbsp;Kexiong Wang ,&nbsp;Ding Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Blubber thickness (BT) has a seasonal pattern in most small cetaceans in temperate and polar regions, which may be a crucial adaptive mechanism in response to environmental temperature changes. However, BT and environmental temperature correlations have never been tested experimentally in any cetacean species owing to logistical difficulties in the aquatic environment. The Yangtze finless porpoise (<em>Neophocaena asiaeorientalis asiaeorientalis,</em> YFP) is one of the smallest cetacean species worldwide, which exclusively inhabits the middle and lower regions of the Yangtze River in China. Here, we investigated BT variation patterns in YFPs and their relationship to environmental temperature changes using ultrasound imaging technology by longitudinally monitoring four YFPs in human care. We found that blubber was not evenly distributed in the skin of YFPs. BT increased along the craniocaudal axis from the head to the umbilical girth, and decreased towards the fluke, with relatively thicker blubber in the dorsal region than in the ventral and lateral regions. Significant negative correlations between BT and seasonal water temperature changes were observed in YFPs. However, different body regions display different sensitivities to seasonal temperature changes. The BT in the anal girth region exhibited noticeable seasonal changes. In contrast, the umbilical lateral and ventral regions showed relatively blunt seasonal changes, indicating different adaptive functions of the blubber in different regions. BT in the dorsal region decreased linearly with increasing water temperature. In the lateral and ventral regions, BT significantly changed with water temperature at a threshold of 18 ​°C. The YFPs had relatively thinner BT than similar-sized harbor porpoises that inhabit relatively high latitudes with much lower water temperatures. This further demonstrates the adaptive function of BT in response to environmental temperatures in small cetaceans. This study elucidates the seasonal pattern of BT variation in small cetaceans and provides insight into adaptation mechanisms of small cetaceans to temperature changes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49713361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxygen potentiates antiviral ability of zebrafish in response to SVCV infection","authors":"Zixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Chunchun Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Chen ,&nbsp;Hongyan Deng ,&nbsp;Xueyi Sun ,&nbsp;Qian Liao ,&nbsp;Shuke Jia ,&nbsp;Wen Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Bai ,&nbsp;Wuhan Xiao ,&nbsp;Xing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100207","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oxygen (O₂) profoundly influences the physiological processes of aerobic organisms through a range of mechanisms. Recently, increasing evidence has revealed the relationship between viral infection and oxygen levels. However, due to a lack of feasible methods and <em>in vivo</em> models, how oxygen directly affects antiviral capability remains largely unknown. In contrast to terrestrial animals, fish live in water for life, where oxygen levels change more frequently than on land in areas with similar altitude. Therefore, fish appear to be ideal organisms for elucidating the effect of oxygen levels on antiviral responses. In this study, we report that zebrafish under low oxygen conditions are more susceptible to SVCV infection. Further assays indicate that low oxygen tension not only suppresses SVCV-induced IFN activation but also promotes SVCV replication in both zebrafish cell lines and zebrafish. This study provides novel insights into the effect of oxygen on antiviral responses and virus replication.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49728836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced pigmentation and thyroid hormone disruption in zebrafish embryos caused by industrial sludge near Bohai Bay, China","authors":"Wenjing Dong ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Yin ,&nbsp;Chelimuge Qi ,&nbsp;Tingting Wei ,&nbsp;Lijia Wei ,&nbsp;Jingfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Jingli Mu ,&nbsp;Hiroki Teraoka ,&nbsp;Wu Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, pollution caused by the discharge of industrial wastewater into Bohai Bay has posed a potential threat to the health of surrounding residents. Sludge was collected from the outlet of a factory that discharges effluent into Bohai Bay, and alcohol extracts of sludge (SE) were prepared. We confirmed by UPLC-MS/MS analysis that the SE contained PAHs, including fluorene, pyrene, and phenanthrene. Zebrafish embryos as animal models were exposed to 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1 and 5 ​mg/mL SE from 2 to 4 ​h post-fertilization (hpf) until 120 hpf. The results showed that SE caused a concentration-dependent increase in mortality and a decrease in hatchability. We found that SE significantly reduced eye pigmentation and decreased the movement of embryos and larvae. In addition, SE decreased triiodothyronine (T3) content and down-regulated the mRNA expression of some thyroid hormone-related genes including <em>TPO</em> and <em>Thrβ</em>, and caused the up-regulation of <em>Dio2</em> and <em>Dio3</em> at 120 hpf. Exposure to three individual PAHs found in SE, namely fluorene, pyrene, and phenanthrene, caused morphological and transcriptional changes that were similar to those caused by SE exposure. These findings indicate that PAHs in SE can reduce the pigmentation of zebrafish, which may be related to the genetic changes associated with thyroid hormones, and that zebrafish eye pigmentation can be used as an indicator of PAHs exposure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49733872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global concerns related to water biology and security: The need for language and policies that safeguard living resources versus those that dilute scientific knowledge","authors":"Robert M. Hughes ,&nbsp;James R. Karr ,&nbsp;Robert L. Vadas ,&nbsp;Dominick A. DellaSala ,&nbsp;Marcos Callisto ,&nbsp;Maria João Feio ,&nbsp;Teresa Ferreira ,&nbsp;Neels Kleynhans ,&nbsp;Renata Ruaro ,&nbsp;Chris O. Yoder ,&nbsp;J. Hal Michael","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasingly, scientists and non-scientists, especially employees of government agencies, tend to use weak or equivocal language when making statements related to science policy and governmental regulation. We use recent publications to provide examples of vague language versus examples of strong language when authors write about regulating anthropogenic pressures on natural resources. Lifeless language is common in agency reports, policy documents, and even scientific papers published by academics. Such language limits success in regulating anthropogenic pressures on natural resources. This challenge must be recognized and countered as a driver of the condition of water and associated resources. We also list sources of vague wording, provide global examples of how ambiguous language and political influences have contributed to water resource degradation, discuss the recent history of science censorship, and offer possible solutions for more direct scientific discourse. We found that: (1) equivocal language was especially common in concluding statements and not only by government employees; (2) authors discussed confusing language concerns in an agency publication; and (3) agency employees sometimes used active, strong language. Key drivers of weak language include: (1) holding on to old paradigms and resisting new knowledge; (2) scientific uncertainty; (3) institutional manuscript review policies; (4) employment and funding insecurity; and (5) avoiding the appearance of advocacy. Examples associated with euphemistic language included climate change, flow and physical habitat alteration, dams, agriculture, mining, forestry, and fisheries, as well as resistance towards monitoring, assessing, and reporting ecological conditions. Suggestions for mitigating equivocal language involve employment protections and greater focus on scientific ethics. We conclude that natural resource scientists should resist calls to employ imprecise language. Instead, they should be strong advocates for prescriptive and protective natural resource actions—based on their science—to halt and reverse the systemic degradation of those resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49713226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear events during conjugation in the poorly studied model ciliate Paramecium jenningsi","authors":"Xue Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruitao Gong ,&nbsp;Yaohan Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaoteng Lu ,&nbsp;Chenyin Wu ,&nbsp;Lihan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Ma ,&nbsp;Zhengxiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Weibo Song ,&nbsp;Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid ,&nbsp;Adriana Vallesi ,&nbsp;Feng Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ciliated protists are highly differentiated unicellular eukaryotes that possess special sexual processes (conjugation and autogamy) that rely on their unique nuclear dimorphism, i.e., the presence of both a germline micronucleus (MIC) and a somatic macronucleus (MAC) in a single cell. The sexual processes show a high diversity in different ciliates. To better understand the differentiation and evolution of sexual processes in closely related species, we investigated the nuclear events during conjugation in <em>Paramecium jenningsi</em> strain GZ, a poorly studied close relative of the well-known <em>P. aurelia</em> complex. The main results include: (1) the conjugation process takes about 48 ​h, including three prezygotic divisions (meiosis I, II, and mitosis) and three postzygotic divisions; (2) the MICs are dominated by the “parachute” phase at the prophase of meiosis I; (3) after meiosis II, a variable number of nuclei undergo the third prezygotic division, and the two products near the paroral cone become the genetically identical migratory and stationary pronuclei; (4) the synkaryon divides three times to form the MIC and the MAC anlagen, but only one nuclear product of the first postzygotic division completes the next two divisions; and (5) an extra cell division is required to complete the last step of conjugation, during which two MIC anlagen undergo mitotic division while two MAC anlagen are distributed between the daughter cells without division. The comparison of the nuclear events during conjugation in representatives of the class Oligohymenophorea reveals that usually there are three prezygotic divisions and a variable number of postzygotic divisions. However, the number of selected and differentiated nuclei after each division differs among species. This study provided a new model ciliate for further investigations of nuclear selection and differentiation as well as nuclear morphology during meiosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49734401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to use live sampling tissues and archived specimens in cetacean stable isotope research","authors":"Tao Jin ,&nbsp;Ruilong Wang ,&nbsp;Renyong Wang ,&nbsp;Jiayi Xie ,&nbsp;Jinsong Zheng ,&nbsp;Fei Fan ,&nbsp;Kexiong Wang ,&nbsp;Ding Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Xu ,&nbsp;Zhigang Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cetaceans are unique ecological engineers, and their restoration may have a crucial impact on the future structure of aquatic ecosystems, which calls for more investigations into their trophic ecology. Among current techniques, stable isotope analysis (SIA) has the advantages of non-invasive sampling and long timescales. However, the full benefits of SIA in cetacean research may not be achieved due to issues like different types of tissue between sampling methods and use of chemical preservation solutions in historical specimens. To address these challenges, we conducted a study on Narrow-ridged Finless Porpoises (<em>Neophocaena asiaeorientalis</em>). Multiple tissues from freshwater and marine subspecies, as well as tissues preserved using different solutions such as ethanol and formalin were collected for SIA. Linear mixed effects models were used for data analysis. Our results showed that, except for blubber, kidney, and stomach, differences between other tissues were correctable. In tissues from live sampling, we found no significant difference between blood and muscle, and skin could also be used for isotope analysis after proper correction. Ethanol preservation caused significant positive changes in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values of muscle, while formalin preservation caused negative changes in δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N. Our findings provide valuable insight into unifying data from stranded carcasses and live sampling, as well as correcting for the effect of chemical preservation on museum specimens. Findings from this research support further application of stable isotope analysis in the conservation of endangered finless porpoises, offer a reference for other similar cetaceans, and also provide guidance for chemical preservation when freezing conditions are not available.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49713317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of two pIgR-like molecules in teleost fish with opposite roles in mucosal immunity against bacterial infection","authors":"Haoyue Xu ,&nbsp;Zixuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Chen ,&nbsp;Ruiqi Lin ,&nbsp;Yongyao Yu ,&nbsp;Zhen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymeric immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor-like (pIgRL) molecules have been identified in teleost fish. However, compared to functional studies of their related genes (e.g., mammalian CD300 family) in eliminating pathogen invasion while preserving homeostasis, the roles of pIgRL in teleost fish remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that a pair of pIgRL molecules in zebrafish, pIgRL3.5 and pIgRL4.2, were highly expressed in the intestine and immune cells. Moreover, we constructed an <em>Edwardsiella piscicida</em> infection model, which induced strong inflammatory responses in the zebrafish intestine. Interestingly, pIgRL3.5 and pIgRL4.2 exhibited opposite inducible expression patterns in response to bacterial infection, suggesting that they perform different roles. More importantly, by conducting overexpression and knockdown experiments, our findings demonstrated that zebrafish pIgRL3.5 played a protective role in host defense against <em>E. piscicida</em> infection by inhibiting excessive inflammatory responses. In contrast, pIgRL4.2 facilitated pathogen growth and dissemination in zebrafish intestine. Collectively, our findings are the first to demonstrate that a pair of pIgRL molecules in teleost fish play opposite roles in mucosal immune response to bacterial infection. Therefore, our results provide crucial insights into the conserved role of pIgRL molecules in immune regulatory functions throughout vertebrate evolution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49728838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on cyanobacterial production of the proposed neurotoxin β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA)","authors":"Zi-Qian Wang ,&nbsp;Suqin Wang ,&nbsp;Ju-Yuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Gui-Ming Lin ,&nbsp;Nanqin Gan ,&nbsp;Lirong Song ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Zeng ,&nbsp;Cheng-Cai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA) is an environmental neurotoxin thought to be produced by cyanobacteria. However, the cyanobacterial origin of BMAA remains controversial. The detection method and culture conditions of cyanobacteria are often cited as factors behind the discrepancy of published results. We showed previously that BMAA was highly toxic to the cyanobacterium <em>Nostoc</em> PCC 7120, and it is taken up via an amino acid transport system. Using a mutant Δ<em>natA</em>Δ<em>bgtA</em> deficient in amino acid transport as a genetic control, we show here that BMAA taken up from the medium can be detected quantitatively at a threshold similar to, or below those reported, but was undetectable in the mutant. The BMAA isomer, 2,4-diaminobutanoic acids (DAB), but not BMAA, could be detected in cell free extracts of <em>Nostoc</em> PCC 7120. Long-term (20 ​days) diazotrophic growth or non-limiting supply of phosphate, conditions reported to enhance BMAA synthesis, did not lead to the detection of BMAA. An UPLC-MS/MS signal with a similar retention time to BMAA was found after prolonged diazotrophic incubation, but did not have fragment ions of BMAA after further analysis. When extended to 29 different cyanobacterial strains and 6 natural cyanobacterial bloom samples, none of them was found to produce BMAA. The cytotoxicity of BMAA to cyanobacteria, and the lack of a cellular protective mechanism against such toxicity, contradict the presence of a BMAA synthesis pathway in these organisms. More specific methods for BMAA detection in vivo need to be developed to clarify the cyanobacterial origin of BMAA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49713223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science to support conservation action in a large river system: The Willamette River, Oregon, USA","authors":"Rebecca Flitcroft ,&nbsp;Luke Whitman ,&nbsp;James White ,&nbsp;Rose Wallick ,&nbsp;Laurel Stratton Garvin ,&nbsp;Cassandra Smith ,&nbsp;Robert Plotnikoff ,&nbsp;Michael Mulvey ,&nbsp;Tobias Kock ,&nbsp;Krista Jones ,&nbsp;Peter Gruendike ,&nbsp;Carolyn Gombert ,&nbsp;Guillermo Giannico ,&nbsp;Andrew Dutterer ,&nbsp;Daniel Brown ,&nbsp;Hannah Barrett ,&nbsp;Brian Bangs ,&nbsp;Robert M. Hughes","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2023.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Management and conservation efforts that support the recovery and protection of large rivers are daunting, reflecting the complexity of the challenge and extent of effort (in terms of policy, economic investment, and spatial extent) needed to afford measurable change. These large systems have generally experienced intensive development and regulation, compromising their capacity to respond to disturbances such as climate change or wildfire. Functionally, large river and basin management require insights gained from social, ecological, geophysical, and hydrological sciences. This multi-disciplinary perspective can unveil the integrated relationship between a river network's biotic community and seasonally variable environmental conditions that are often influenced by human activities. Large rivers and their basins are constantly changing due to anthropogenic influences and as climate modifies patterns of temperature and precipitation. Because of these factors, the state of knowledge must advance to address changing conditions. The Willamette River, in western Oregon, USA, is a prime example of a basin that has experienced significant degradation and investment in rehabilitation in recent decades. Innovative science has facilitated development of fine-scale, spatially extensive datasets and models that can generate targeted conservation and rehabilitation actions that are prioritized across the entire river network. This prioritization allows investment decisions to be driven by site-specific conditions while simultaneously considering potentials for ecological improvement. Here, we review hydrologic, geomorphic, ecologic, and social conditions in the Willamette River basin through time—including pre-settlement, river development, and contemporary periods—and offer a future vision for consideration. Currently, detailed information about fish populations and habitat, hydrologic conditions, geomorphology, water quality, and land use can be leveraged to make informed decisions about protection, rehabilitation, and development. The time is ripe for strategic management and goal development for the entire Willamette River, and these efforts can be informed by comprehensive science realized through established institutions (e.g., public agencies, non-profit watershed groups, Tribes, and universities) focused on conservation and management. The approaches to science and social-network creation that were pioneered in the Willamette River basin offer insights into the development of comprehensive conservation-based planning that could be implemented in other large river systems globally.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49713396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}