Water Biology and Security最新文献

{"title":"Insulin-like receptor signaling pathways regulate spermatogenesis in the mud crab Scylla paramamosain","authors":"Xiaohang Geng,&nbsp;Li Lu,&nbsp;Wenting Tan,&nbsp;An Liu,&nbsp;Haihui Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The insulin-like androgenic gland hormone (IAG) plays a crucial role in male sexual differentiation. Although the putative IAG receptor has been identified in several crustacean species, IAG receptor in brachyuran crabs has yet to be determined. This study identified a new insulin-like receptor (<em>Sp-IR2</em>) in the mud crab <em>Scylla paramamosain</em>, and explored its possible role in spermatogenesis. RT-PCR results suggested that <em>Sp-IR2</em> was highly expressed in the androgenic gland (AG) and testes. During testicular development, the levels of <em>Sp-IR2</em> transcript in the AG and testes gradually increased. In addition, bovine insulin significantly up-regulated the expression of <em>Sp-IR2</em>, <em>Sp-vasa</em> and <em>Sp-sox9</em> in the testes <em>in vitro</em>. Injection of bovine insulin induced <em>Sp-vasa</em> and <em>Sp-dsx</em> expression in the testes, and increased hemolymph testosterone titer. <em>In vitro</em> silencing of <em>Sp-IR2</em> significantly increased the expression levels of <em>Sp-IR1</em> and <em>Sp-vasa</em> transcripts in the testes. To further investigate the function of <em>Sp-</em>IR2 in testicular development, we performed short- and long-term RNA interference (RNAi) on male crabs. Short-term knockdown of <em>Sp-IR2</em> led to the significant up-regulation of <em>Sp-IR1</em> in the testes and AG, and <em>Sp-vasa</em> in AG. Prolonged silence of <em>Sp-IR2</em> markedly reduced the expression of <em>Sp-sox9</em> in testes, and arrested spermatogenesis at the secondary spermatocyte stage, suggesting <em>Sp-</em>IR2 plays an important role in transitioning secondary spermatocytes to spermatids. In combination with our previous study, our results indicated that insulin-like receptor signaling pathways are important for spermatogenesis in <em>S. paramamosain</em>, in which <em>Sp-</em>IR1 is involved in transitioning of primary spermatocytes to secondary spermatocytes while <em>Sp-</em>IR2 is essential for the transition of secondary spermatocytes to spermatids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100420"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship under water level regulation: Wetland plant biomass is more strongly related to functional redundancy than functional diversity","authors":"Xueqin Liu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) relationships in natural ecosystems is essential for biodiversity conservation and ecological rehabilitation. However, it is unclear whether positive BEF relationships persist under environmental disturbances in freshwater habitats. We examined the biodiversity-biomass production relationship of wetland plant assemblages using observational data: (<em>n</em> ​= ​316 plots) from Yangtze River floodplain lakes with contrasting water level fluctuations. Generalized linear mixed models were constructed to statistically separate the effects of biodiversity and environments on biomass production. Using a unifying Hill diversity framework, we tested the roles of different biodiversity facets (i.e., species diversity, functional diversity, and functional redundancy) and species relative abundance (i.e., rare, common, and dominant species) in driving the biodiversity-biomass relationship. We found that positive biodiversity-biomass relationships persisted for wetland plants in floodplain lakes after removing the effects of environment. Biomass was more strongly related to functional redundancy and species diversity than functional diversity. Common and dominant species were more important than rare species. Both the diversity and biomass of plant assemblages were affected by water level regulation with the former by inundation and the latter by type of water level fluctuations. Our results suggested that positive BEF relationships could persist in periodically disturbed habitats, where both ecosystem resilience and functioning would be promoted by functional redundancy. Rehabilitation of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in river-floodplains will benefit from water level regulation when requirements of aquatic biota are considered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral responses and transcriptional dynamics of the stream fish (Acrossocheilus fasciatus) under temperature change","authors":"Yongyao Guo ,&nbsp;Chengna Dong ,&nbsp;Huaiyu Peng ,&nbsp;Jingru Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinghong He ,&nbsp;Yang Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaoxin Dai ,&nbsp;Shanshan Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhangjie Chu ,&nbsp;Bo Zhao ,&nbsp;Weiguo Du","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global warming and extreme weather events are exerting significant thermal stress on aquatic species, particularly fish, affecting their metabolism, behavior, immunity, and reproductive strategies. Despite extensive research on the effects of thermal stress on aquatic organisms, there is a gap in understanding how short-term temperature fluctuations influence both behavior and transcriptional dynamics in high-elevation stream fish. We addressed this gap by investigating the effects of temperature variability on the behavior and transcriptomic profiles of <em>Acrossocheilus fasciatus</em>, a commercially valuable, widely distributed, eastern Asian stream fish. We applied two temperature treatments (32 ​°C and 16 ​°C) and two conditions (continuous exposure and temperature recovery) to assess behavioral responses and changes in cortisol and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) levels. High temperatures increased movement speed and turning angles, whereas low temperatures decreased movement frequency and speed. Low temperatures led to a significant rise in 5-HT, whereas high temperatures caused a decrease. Concurrently, brain transcriptomic analysis identified substantial differential gene expression related to behavioral plasticity and cellular stress responses. Key enriched pathways included circadian rhythm, oxidative phosphorylation, and prolactin signaling, indicating the fish's physiological adaptation to temperature changes. We conclude that high temperatures have a substantial affect on the behavior and transcriptional dynamics of <em>A. fasciatus</em>, including increased aggression and cellular damage, whereas cold temperatures have minimal effects. Fish exposed to temperature recovery conditions demonstrated effective behavioral adaptation. These findings highlight the heightened sensitivity of stream-dwelling fish to thermal extremes and underscore the need for further research on their adaptive mechanisms and long-term effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the prediction accuracy of cyanobacterial blooms using a hybrid model integrating dimensionality reduction and deep learning","authors":"Jiwei Chen ,&nbsp;Zhongbao Hou ,&nbsp;Yunxi Li ,&nbsp;Jiexian Li ,&nbsp;Lin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyanobacteria Harmful Blooms have negatively impacted human socio-economic activities and the natural ecological environment. Predicting cyanobacterial blooms requires the application of advanced analytical models powered by artificial intelligence to accurately model bloom development. In this study, we developed a hybrid model that integrates the Temporal Convolution Network (TCN) with the Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) to achieve highly accurate predictions of cyanobacterial bloom events. We used Principal Component Analysis (PCA) during the preprocessing phase to reduce data dimensionality of model input variables and enhance computational efficiency. We used a data set from the Darling River in Australia to conduct a comparative analysis with traditional deep learning models and comprehensively assess the proposed model performance. We also investigated the application of the correlation coefficient matrix method in variable selection. The results demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms conventional methods in predicting cyanobacterial blooms. When benchmarked against the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) model, our model demonstrates a superior ability to capture the intricacies of time series data. Specifically, it achieves a 79.5 ​% reduction in Mean Square Error (MSE) and a 197 ​% increase in the Coefficient of Determination (R²). Furthermore, comparative experiments were carried out across several prediction time steps, indicating that the model achieves optimal performance in minimizing both the MSE and Mean Absolute Error (MAE) when predicting one day ahead. Notably, the error distribution is most condensed at this time step, outperforming models with prediction horizons ranging from two to seven days. We also undertook a thorough analysis of the significance of each principal component in model predictions. The results highlight that principal component 5 and principal component 2 exhibit the most substantial contribution to the prediction outcomes, collectively accounting for 82 ​% of the total contribution. We delved deeper into the interdependence of principal components within the model and elucidated their collaborative role in the cyanobacterial bloom prediction process. Finally, the applicability and generalization capability of the model has been validated using data from Caohai Lake in China. In conclusion, the model demonstrates considerable potential in predicting the development of blooms, offering novel insights and solutions to pertinent domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trophic adaptation strategies of deep-Sea fish in cold seep environments","authors":"Hongyu Xie ,&nbsp;Teng Wang ,&nbsp;Chunhou Li ,&nbsp;Jinhui Sun ,&nbsp;Yu Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Kong ,&nbsp;Yancong Cai ,&nbsp;Yayuan Xiao ,&nbsp;Jianzhong Shen ,&nbsp;Xuefu Ao ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Song ,&nbsp;Yong Liu ,&nbsp;Hai Huang ,&nbsp;Yi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The diversity of marine habitats influences fish trophic niches and adaptation strategies. This study investigated fish trophic niches in cold seep and adjacent areas of the South China Sea in August 2023 using stable isotope techniques. It examined these niches across different depths and compared trophic strategies between cold seep and non-cold seep habitats. The δ¹⁵N values of fish in the cold seep area increased with depth, indicating shifts in trophic levels, while the δ¹³C values increased solely in the cold seep area. Bayesian analysis revealed that deeper fish in the cold seep area preferred shrimp, whereas those in the control area leaned towards cephalopods. At depths exceeding 500 ​m, the trophic niche of the fish community in the cold seep area was broader than that in the control area, although the individual niches of shared species were narrower. This finding suggests a balance between resource diversity and individual feeding specialization within the cold seep fish community at greater depths. In contrast, individual niches in the control area expanded to adapt to a resource-limited environment. Additionally, the overlap of trophic niches between deep-sea and shallow-water fish diminishes with increasing depth in both regions. We hypothesize that beyond a certain depth, mesopelagic fish either cease vertical migration or modify their patterns of vertical migration. These results underscore the essential role of cold seep ecosystems in sustaining deep-sea biodiversity and intricate trophic structures, thereby enhancing our understanding of adaptive strategies in deep-sea fish communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100440"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of substitution of dietary fishmeal with protein blend and stocking density on growth performance, stress response, and protein utilization of gibel carp (Carassius gibelio, CAS V)","authors":"Yongning Yu ,&nbsp;Dong Han ,&nbsp;Zhimin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoming Zhu ,&nbsp;Haokun Liu ,&nbsp;Yunxia Yang ,&nbsp;Shouqi Xie ,&nbsp;Junyan Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stocking density and feed protein sources are critical in aquaculture. This study investigated their effects on growth, stress response, and protein utilization in gibel carp. Fishmeal served as the control diet (diet 1), while it was replaced by a blend of <em>Tenebrio molitor</em> meal, <em>Chlorella</em> meal, <em>Clostridium autoethanogenum</em> protein, and cottonseed protein concentrate in various ratios: 1:1:8:2 (diet 2), 1:1:6:4 (diet 3), and 1:1:4:6 (diet 4). Fish were raised at either a low stocking density (100 fish/cage, 20 fish/m³) or a high density (400 fish/cage, 80 fish/m³), with 6000 fish in total. The interaction of stocking density and diet affected growth and protein utilization. At a stocking density of 20 fish/m³, diet 2 effectively replaced fishmeal without compromising growth performance. At 80 fish/m³, only diet 3 achieved full fishmeal replacement without negative impacts on growth. High stocking density induced chronic stress, as seen by lower plasma glucose and higher muscle heat shock protein 70 and lactate levels. It also impaired intestinal function and muscle growth at the transcript level, reducing villus height and resulting in poorer growth performance. Diet 4 decreased trypsin and chymotrypsin activities, lowered villus height and the villus height/crypt depth ratio, and reduced plasma and muscle amino acid levels. It also downregulated genes involved in muscle protein synthesis, leading to reduced protein utilization. In conclusion, the optimal protein blend ratio was 1:1:8:2 ​at lower stocking densities and 1:1:6:4 ​at higher stocking densities, both of which achieved growth performance comparable to fishmeal. This density-specific protein blending strategy offers a scalable approach to formulating fishmeal-free feeds for intensive aquaculture systems without compromising productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100441"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics analysis identifies hypoxia-induced ferroptosis in the liver of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix)","authors":"Chunyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Li ,&nbsp;Cui Feng ,&nbsp;Hang Sha ,&nbsp;Xiangzhong Luo ,&nbsp;Siyao Ai ,&nbsp;Guiwei Zou ,&nbsp;Jiquan Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silver carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys molitrix</em>) is one of the four major Chinese carps and is widely distributed throughout the country. Notably, silver carp feeds on plankton and plays an important role in controlling blue-green algal blooms and purifying water quality in fisheries. However, this species is less tolerant to low oxygen and tends to die under high-density aquaculture conditions and during long-distance transport, leading to huge economic losses. In this study, we employed metabolomic analyses to liver tissue of silver carp subjected to varying degrees of hypoxic stress, resulting in the identification of 593 metabolites in total and 268 differential abundance metabolites (DAMs). As hypoxia stress intensifies, 30 distinct DAMs were consistently identified in silver carp across hypoxia, semi-asphyxic, and asphyxic states. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of these metabolites suggests their potential utility as biomarkers for hypoxia stress. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DAMs revealed significant enrichment in pathways related to amino acid metabolism and synthesis, as well as glucose metabolism. Comprehensive metabolic flow charts were developed to systematically illustrate the hypoxia-induced alterations in metabolites associated with pathways such as amino acid biosynthesis, arginine biosynthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism, in addition to galactose metabolism. In addition to these findings, the ferroptosis signaling pathway was enriched as a result of hypoxia. Ferroptosis is a novel form of cell death that is dependent on iron. To ascertain the occurrence of ferroptosis, sensitive indicators associated with ferroptosis were examined, and the results substantiated the presence of ferroptosis in the liver of silver carp under hypoxia conditions. Subsequently, CRISPR/Cas9 technology was performed on silver carp to knock out the <em>acsl4</em> gene that promotes lipid peroxidation in the ferroptosis pathway, and P0 generation chimeric silver carp was obtained. Experiments on wild-type silver carp and P0 generation chimera revealed that <em>acsl4</em>-deficient chimera had greater hypoxia tolerance. Indicators linked to ferroptosis showed that disrupting <em>acsl4</em> could reduce hypoxia-induced ferroptosis. Findings could provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxia-induced adaptation and injury in the liver of fish, and could provide a valuable reference for the cultivation of fish species that exhibit tolerance to hypoxic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100422"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene flow enhances genetic diversity and local adaptation in Pyropia yezoensis populations","authors":"Junhao Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Tang ,&nbsp;Xinzi Yu ,&nbsp;Chenggong Yu ,&nbsp;Xianghai Tang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Wang ,&nbsp;Fanna Kong ,&nbsp;Guoying Du ,&nbsp;Yunxiang Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pyropia yezoensis</em>, a vital intertidal seaweed, plays a crucial role in the preservation of marine biodiversity. In recent years, the rapid expansion of its cultivation has raised concerns regarding the sustainability of seaweed aquaculture practices. However, research on gene exchange among <em>P. yezoensis</em> populations remains limited. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of gene flow using 228 whole-genome resequencing samples from key wild and cultivated <em>P. yezoensis</em> populations in China, as well as populations from Japan. We identified seven potential gene flow events, with gene flow regions encompassing 0.3%–25.43% of the genome. Genetic analysis revealed that these genomic regions were characterized by high genetic diversity, low genetic differentiation, and increased coding DNA sequence (CDS) density and guanine-cytosine (GC) content. Moreover, 53% of these regions contain at least one signal of selection, with genes involved in RNA and protein processing, transport, cellular homeostasis, and stress response functions associated with thallus growth, development, and stress resistance suggesting a role in environmental adaptability and artificial selection. Notably, we found that the genetic load in cultivated populations was significantly higher than in wild populations; fortunately, gene flow was not the primary factor driving this phenomenon. On the contrary, we found that gene flow events in two trios significantly reduced the genetic load caused by loss-of-function mutations. These findings enhance our understanding of intraspecific gene flow in seaweeds and provide valuable insights for the sustainable cultivation of seaweed aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"5 1","pages":"Article 100411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145712523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the perspective of modulating antibacterial immune responses and vaccine adjuvants application in teleost fishes: Exploring the prospects of chemokines in aquaculture","authors":"Jia-Feng Cao ,&nbsp;Jiong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquatic environments expose fishes to a wide range of pathogens, emphasizing the crucial role of their immune system. Chemokines are key mediators that bridge innate and adaptive immunity by regulating immune cell activity. As essential components of immune defense, immune cells play a central role in recognizing and eliminating pathogens. In mammals, chemokines exhibit direct antimicrobial activity and can enhance vaccine efficacy as molecular adjuvants. However, these functions remain insufficiently explored and summarized in teleost fishes, limiting their practical use in aquaculture. Given the evolutionary conservation of immune systems and chemokine families between teleost fishes and mammals, it is likely that chemokines have conserved functions across these vertebrates. This review systematically examines the roles of chemokines in regulating the functions of immune cells (macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and B cells) in teleost fishes, and explores their potential application as direct antimicrobial agents and vaccine adjuvants in aquaculture, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the prevention and control of aquatic diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100464"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating methane emissions during nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands","authors":"Ziqian Li ,&nbsp;Liping Hu ,&nbsp;Chenjun Zeng ,&nbsp;Liuling Ye ,&nbsp;Huijian Yang ,&nbsp;Lingwei Kong ,&nbsp;Jun Wei ,&nbsp;Wenqing Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As nitrogen removal requires anaerobic conditions for denitrification, which facilitates the production of methane (CH₄), a potent greenhouse gas, it is a challenge to achieve nitrogen removal with minimal CH₄ emissions in constructed wetlands (CWs). This study proposed a solution for mitigating CH₄ emissions while achieving nitrogen removal using porous fillers in CWs. We found that active denitrification occurred in the interior pores of these fillers in an oxygen-rich environment. The microbial analysis indicated that the internal pores of porous fillers created anaerobic habitats for denitrifiers as they had a higher <em>nos</em>Z/<em>amo</em>A ratio than on the surface. The anaerobic decomposition of organic matter was inhibited, yielding significantly lower CH₄/CO₂ ratios (&lt;1.0 ​× ​10⁻⁵) than those of traditional CWs (0.07). The methanogen proliferation and CH₄ production efficiency also remained at low levels (&lt;1.1 ​× ​10⁻³ and 0.045%, respectively), which was significantly lower than in traditional CWs (2.3 ​× ​10⁶ and 38%, respectively). Overall, this study proposed a strategy for mitigating the greenhouse effect of carbon emissions from CWs in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101277,"journal":{"name":"Water Biology and Security","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100375"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}