Urban Governance最新文献

{"title":"Understanding big data and data protection measures in smart city strategies: An analysis of 28 cities","authors":"Martin Lnenicka ,&nbsp;Petr Hervert ,&nbsp;Oldrich Horak","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Smart City concept aims to improve urban governance and optimize public services, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for citizens. As data generation and processing grow rapidly in volume, velocity, and variety, Smart Cities must integrate secure big data considerations into their strategic frameworks and project implementations. This paper explores how big data and data protection measures are represented in the strategies of 28 cities worldwide. To achieve this, we employed a three-phase research methodology: 1) identifying resources, 2) conducting content analysis, and 3) using the Delphi method. Our findings indicate that only half of the cities explicitly address big data in their strategies, and most lack adequate data protection measures. Additionally, the paper presents a list of recommendations for big data management and data protection, derived from measures found in Smart City strategies and validated by domain experts through the Delphi method. These recommendations aim to enhance understanding of how to effectively incorporate big data and its protection into urban planning and Smart City projects. However, it is important to note that these insights primarily apply to larger urban areas with abundant resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 255-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 led transition of work culture and travel to work patterns on society and environment in Delhi","authors":"Deepty Jain","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globally, COVID-19 has led to changes in daily lifestyle and travel behavior. There was a shift from in-person physical jobs to work-from-home culture, even for those jobs that required in-person presence at the job location. However, this was not true for everyone, and a majority continued to travel to work. The limited capacity of public transport services and the fear of exposure to the virus restrained people from practicing their conventional mobility choices. We explore the impact of COVID-19 on the nature of jobs and related changes in work travel patterns by population groups for Delhi using in-person surveys conducted during 2021 in six localities of Delhi. We also estimated the short- and long-term impacts of altered behavior on expenditures and equivalent CO₂ emissions.</div><div>As per the analysis, lower income groups, having no vehicles, with lesser qualifications, and employed as daily wagers, had limited capacity to change to work-from-home during COVID-19. We observed an increased dependency on personal motorized vehicles, leading to increased expenditures and reduced affordability. Adopting work-from-home during COVID-19 helped reduce equivalent CO₂ emissions per working member by 39 %. However, as the work at the site resumes, the emissions are expected to increase. The study shows that COVID-19 led to short-term benefits, but in the long term, the externalities will likely increase. Working from home during the pandemic provides short-term benefits; the social benefits are not equally distributed, and the transport emissions shall increase in the long term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 388-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban governance and power consumption dynamics in China's carbon-intensive sectors: Insights for sustainable development","authors":"Khalid Zaman","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the intricate relationships between industrial practices and power consumption within China's carbon-intensive industries. By leveraging the fundamental principles of Newton's second law of motion, this research provides a novel perspective to evaluate the dynamics between forces, motion, and power usage in industrial operations. Employing a systems theory approach, the study considers industrial practices (IP), surface conditions (SC), equipment efficiency (EE), production output (PO), and power consumption (PC) as interconnected components within a larger system. The study employed robust least squares regression, Granger causality, and inter-temporal forecasting relationship between the variables. The findings of this investigation yield valuable insights. Regarding industrial practices (IP), it is observed that the utilization of chemicals exhibits a negative correlation with electric power consumption, implying that certain chemical processes entail lower electricity requirements. Conversely, technical cooperation grants and machinery &amp; transport equipment demonstrate a positive relationship with power consumption, indicating their contribution to increased electricity usage. Regarding surface conditions (SC), it is revealed that factors such as oil rents, ores &amp; metal exports, and renewable energy are associated with reduced power consumption. This suggests that practices enhancing smoothness, minimizing roughness, and implementing appropriate coatings can decrease electricity demand. Conversely, the pump price for diesel fuel exhibits a positive relationship with power consumption, implying that higher fuel prices drive increased electricity usage. Moreover, concerning equipment efficiency (EE), it is found that textiles &amp; clothing manufacturing value added displays a negative correlation with power consumption. This highlights the potential for reducing electricity consumption in the textile and clothing industry through manufacturing technological advancements. Finally, in the realm of production output (PO), carbon emissions and manufacturing value-added are positively linked to power consumption, underscoring the energy-intensive nature of these activities. Conversely, electric power transmission and distribution losses demonstrate a negative relationship with power consumption, emphasizing the significance of minimizing energy losses within the grid infrastructure. The study concludes that China must prioritize renewable energy subsidies and carbon emission reductions to meet its environmental goals. Reduced power use by energy-efficient machines and transit systems can boost metropolis economies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 313-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The place of translocal networks in inclusive city development: A systematic review","authors":"Michael Poku-Boansi,&nbsp;Daniel Kwame Blija,&nbsp;Obaa Yaa Aninwaa Anin-Yeboah,&nbsp;Michael Osei Asibey,&nbsp;Owusu Amponsah","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Migrants have often relied on their translocal ties to adapt to city challenges, particularly in the global south. However, the place of translocal networks in advancing the inclusive city agenda is fragmented in literature. Therefore, this study sought to systematically review pertinet literature to examine how translocal networks contribute to inclusive urbanism and discusses their implications for inclusive city development. The results from a synthesis of 45 studies indicate that migrants leverage their translocal networks to accommodate, socialize and find spaces in cities. Translocal networks also facilitate access to employment opportunities amongmigrants in cities. These promote migrants’ right to and inclusiveness in cities. However, the effectiveness of translocal networks in promoting inclusivity is contingent on their dedication to the places of origin and compatriots. Translocal networks thrive on trust and commitment to home villages. The motivation of the established migrants to assist the newcomers stemmed from their shared identity and the belief that doing so is a form of service to their home villages. Based on the positive roles of translocal networks in advancing inclusive city development, the study recommends a rejection of prohibitive regulations towards migrants and calls on city authorities to explicitly identify and engage translocal networks in inclusive city efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 340-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating urban informality: Fatalism, agency, and governance dynamics in Banjarmasin's inland waterway transport sector","authors":"Dadang Meru Utomo ,&nbsp;Iderlina Mateo-Babiano","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the interplay of urban informality, fatalism, and governance within Banjarmasin's Inland Waterway Transport (IWT) sector in Indonesia. It reinterprets fatalism, commonly viewed as passive acceptance, as a form of resilience that enables kelotok drivers to navigate economic uncertainties. Using qualitative interviews and field observations, and set against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic, this research uncovers how fatalistic beliefs rooted in Islamic values guide drivers in confronting socio-economic adversity with both acceptance and agency. Fatalism shapes the drivers’ adaptation strategies to declining ridership and limited formal employment opportunities, offering a psychological and cultural framework for resilience. The study also highlights informal governance mechanisms, such as community solidarity and self-regulation, which help drivers negotiate their position in the informal economy despite the absence of formal support. By unpacking the intersections between cultural beliefs, economic challenges, and governance structures, this research provides a deeper understanding of urban informality. It calls for governance approaches that are more culturally sensitive and responsive to the realities of informal workers, contributing to discussions on urban informality, governance, and worker resilience in evolving urban environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 286-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143307310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heating, cooling and energy management of cold climate educational built environments using green roofs","authors":"Rahim Zahedi ,&nbsp;Reza Omidifar ,&nbsp;Shadi Farrokh Balaghi ,&nbsp;Ali Asghar Pourezzat ,&nbsp;Hossein Yousefi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Taghitahooneh ,&nbsp;Aidin Shaghaghi ,&nbsp;Abolfazl Ahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Educational spaces in the world with a student population of about 600 million people are significant energy consumers. Also, 66 percent of schools are among energy consumers in the lower categories of energy consumption management. Meanwhile, the world's student population is expanding while nonrenewable energy sources are running out. Recent investigations highlight schools’ focus on energy efficiency in construction, which is driven by escalating energy expenses and depleting resources. This study presents a model of green schools featuring green roof coverings interconnected with controllable window atriums, leveraging green architecture as a renewable energy solution. It assesses the impact of green roofs coupled with atriums on summer ventilation and winter heat control in cold climate regions, contrasting with conventional school designs. This study aims to improve the thermal performance of schools, reduce heat losses from the roof and walls of schools, and also help improve natural ventilation in classrooms. The research followed a descriptive-analytical approach and employed simulation techniques. The model is simulated using the Carrier HAP, and its analyses are validated by the U.S. Green Building Council's LEED certification. Then, a comparison is made between the thermal loads of the proposed model and the thermal loads of the conventional school model in this climate. The results demonstrate the advantage of using green roofs in improving thermal loads in winter and cooling loads in summer in classroom models with green roofs connected to atriums compared to classrooms with conventional 40 cm thick roofs or 66 cm thick roofs without greenery. Energy savings are achieved by creating schools with green roofs associated with atriums while maintaining students' connection with nature and utilizing this cover as an auxiliary learning space. Energy savings are 54.95 % in winter and 76.11 % in summer compared to conventional 40 cm thick roofs and 66 cm thick roofs without greenery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 297-312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in citizen influencing willingness to participate in marine debris management and social well-being in Bali metropolitan, Indonesia","authors":"Sapta Suhardono ,&nbsp;Chun-Hung Lee ,&nbsp;I Wayan Koko Suryawan","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Bali, the high volume of tourists significantly contributes to marine debris, particularly plastics, which threatens the ecological health of beaches and marine life, impacting both tourism and local livelihoods. Effective management is crucial to preserve Bali's natural beauty and sustainability. This study explores the factors influencing the willingness to participate (WTP) in marine debris management among urban communities in the Bali metropolitan area, Indonesia. Utilizing a binary logistic regression model, we examine the impact of key elements for effective marine debris management, risk awareness, learning performance, and higher monthly income and geographic differences between inland and coastal communities. The findings reveal that effective management practices significantly enhance community participation, highlighting the importance of transparency, accountability, and well-organized efforts. Educational initiatives also play a crucial role, with performance in risk awareness and learning showing a marginally significant positive effect on WTP. Conversely, higher income levels negatively influence participation, suggesting a preference for institutional funding over personal contributions. Geographic differences indicate that coastal communities are more inclined to participate than inland communities. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers and practitioners in developing strategies to mobilize volunteers, enhance urban resilience, and promote social well-being. By implementing effective management practices, comprehensive educational programs, tailored engagement strategies, and fostering partnerships, urban communities in Bali can become more resilient and actively address environmental challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 362-373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143308110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban governance: A food hall, and a city's capacity to care","authors":"Noah Allison","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well understood that capitalist systems maintained by cities result in unequal distribution of economic growth, resources, and opportunities. One central dynamic contributing to these socio-spatial inequalities stems from asymmetrically distributed resources for care. Caring is a fundamental human activity that involves an attentiveness to the needs, vulnerabilities, and well-being of others. However, in many cities today, particularly in North America, political ideologies understand care as individual responsibility and achievement. Yet, at the same time, cities are also repositories that generate resistance toward inequality. Metropolises are thus beginning to factor in new ways to make care possible. This paper therefore asks: how is care, in all its forms, made possible by cities? To answer this question, it explores a city's capacity to care in ways that include but also exceed social and welfare policies. This is achieved by examining the development and operation of a pilot food incubator program in Toronto. It does so by employing community engaged research and interview strategies to make sense of the power relations between the program actors through a ‘caring with’ lens. Engaging such strategies while focusing on care reveals novel municipal governance perspectives on the one hand. On the other it offers practical implications by illustrating the program's efficacy in accomplishing its goals. Making sense of the relationship between metropolises and care, this paper argues that cities ought to be judged not on how economically competitive they are, but on how they best foster care for people and future generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 329-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reimagining urban spaces: The role of makerspaces in regenerating ‘Maker City Sewoon’","authors":"Yookyung Lee ,&nbsp;Inhee Yu ,&nbsp;Seungwoo Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the regeneration project of Sewoon Plaza, a historic hub of urban manufacturing in Seoul, South Korea, as a Maker City. Based on its existing manufacturing and distribution base and location in the city center, the plaza aims to be a Maker City that supports urban manufacturing, innovation, creation, and entrepreneurship. This study examines whether the four makerspaces are adequately positioned to spearhead urban regeneration, with a particular emphasis on the comprehensiveness of these makerspaces. Furthermore, it proposes policy implications for both makerspaces and urban regeneration within the Korean context. The study analyzed the management of the four makerspaces across seven components, including spaces and locations, tools and equipment, people involved, activities and programs, communities and networks, finances and business, and goals and initiatives. To conduct the research, a literature review, in-depth interviews, and fieldwork were employed. This study concluded that the makerspace was unable to effectively achieve the revitalization of the declining downtown manufacturing area. This research holds significance in its unique focus on analyzing Korea's inaugural mixed-use building through the lens of urban regeneration, diverging from a conventional architectural viewpoint. Additionally, the study delves into the examination of a prototypical maker city in Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 274-285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143307309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the collective challenges of AI: An applied framework focused on people centeredness and public participation","authors":"Catarina Fontes ,&nbsp;Christelle Al Haddad ,&nbsp;Constantinos Antoniou ,&nbsp;Christoph Lütge","doi":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ugj.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is a disruptive technology promising to revolutionize the relationship between humans and urban environments. While the forms of human-machine interaction are becoming increasingly natural and naturalized, the impacts of such interactions for individuals and society are far from simple to grasp. As AI and Urban AI-related systems are being adopted by local governments and public authorities in support of public service delivery, it becomes increasingly important to involve communities in discussing impacts and working towards acceptable trade-offs in terms of the risks and benefits AI can represent to everyday life. Participation is often part of the discourse around policymaking and urban governance, yet the gap between decision-makers and city-makers within urban governance is not resolved. Besides, the barriers participatory processes hold to be accessible and inclusive stem now from lack of AI literacy and overall awareness on why and how participation can be a pillar of policymaking. We propose an urban governance framework for assessing the collective challenges of AI focused on people centeredness and public participation. Our contribution to the field of urban governance is a piloted framework designed and implemented in collaboration with city representatives, supra governmental organizations and non-governmental organizations and respective lessons learned.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101266,"journal":{"name":"Urban Governance","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 245-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143354971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}