{"title":"The ORBIT Self-Assessment Tool","authors":"Bernd Carsten Stahl","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.59","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.59","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The self-assessment tool is one of the services provided by the ORBIT project. This editorial explains the background and principles of implementation and discusses the current state of development. It reviews possible strengths and weaknesses and charts the course of further development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.29297/orbit.v1i2.59","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49536647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"More rational discourse for designing information systems","authors":"Tuikka Anne-Marie, Koskinen Jani","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.15","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article analyses the possibilities of using Habermasian rational discourse for designing information systems. We start by conceptualizing, how Habermasian rational discourse and participatory action research could be used for designing information systems. Then we question our initial concept based on our experiences and reflections from ongoing research project which aims to design new governmental information systems for parents of disabled children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300602/pdf?md5=fb9f2c2d899c10ec1922a09d5e9ed170&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300602-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42513298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Threats of the internet of things in a techno-regulated society","authors":"Magrani Eduardo","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.17","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.17","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The promise of hyperconnectivity. Continuous interaction between gadgets, sensors and people points to the rising number of data being produced, stored and processed. On one hand, it may bring benefits to consumers, on the other, growing connectivity, accompanied by data overflow, can also challenge privacy and fundamental rights. This paper approaches some of the challenges faced by the rule of law posed by the advancement of the Internet of Things, which includes a wide variety of actors, most importantly private companies that seek to promote techno-regulation through design, algorithms and market-based contracts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300626/pdf?md5=0cefc0712676f1935b0dc2582633f727&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300626-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47743084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Rule of Law and EU Data Protection Legislation","authors":"Toptchiyska Denitza","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.16","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.16","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article aims to analyse the evolution of the EU data protection legislation against the rule of law standards related to quality of law, formal justice and protection of human rights, focusing on some recent controversial issues related to the application of EU data protection model to technological environment. The analysis looks into the concepts of data controller and data processor as they are essential for the allocation of responsibilities in the processing of personal data as well as for the identification of applicable legislation. Further it considers the right to be forgotten and the implementation of the balance test in cases when there are opposing rights and legitimate interests of the data subject and data controller. The analysis is made on the basis of the EU data protection legislation, that is currently in force, the Opinions of the Article 29 Working Party and the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU), which provides guidance on the uniform interpretation of the data protection concepts at EU level. The article also takes in consideration the current reform in the field of data protection in the frames of which in 2016 the new General Data Protection Regulation has been adopted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300614/pdf?md5=5249884585adca243a80d7e46a2ec931&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300614-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45450596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Markus Christen, Bert Gordijn, Karsten Weber, Ibo van de Poel, Emad Yaghmaei
{"title":"A Review of Value-Conflicts in Cybersecurity","authors":"Markus Christen, Bert Gordijn, Karsten Weber, Ibo van de Poel, Emad Yaghmaei","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.28","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.28","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cybersecurity is of capital importance in a world where economic and social processes increasingly rely on digital technology. Although the primary ethical motivation of cybersecurity is prevention of informational or physical harm, its enforcement can also entail conflicts with other moral values. This contribution provides an outline of value conflicts in cybersecurity based on a quantitative literature analysis and qualitative case studies. The aim is to demonstrate that the security-privacy- dichotomy—that still seems to dominate the ethics discourse based on our bibliometric analysis—is insufficient when discussing the ethical challenges of cybersecurity. Furthermore, we want to sketch how the notion of contextual integrity could help to better understand and mitigate such value conflicts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300705/pdf?md5=4d18bf63d652af956546625cc2bcfa3e&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300705-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49201666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digital Privacy: Leibniz 2.0","authors":"Wade L. Robison","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29297/orbit.v1i2.54","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 1963, Chief Justice Earl Warren called the ‘fantastic advances in the field of electronic communication’ a danger to the privacy of the individual. If we use the privacy torts as developed in American law — intrusion, disclosure, false light, appropriation — we can see how dangerous those advances have been regarding our privacy. We will see how readily so many can do so much more to invade the privacy of so many more. We will also see a thread running through the privacy torts that was not readily visible before: invasions of privacy treat us as objects to be observed, revealed, manipulated, and used.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300511/pdf?md5=3bc2f4d1446c3fa2e49bcd8c9112efbc&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300511-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137229292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethics of Information Education for Living with Robots","authors":"Murakami Yuko, Tatsumi Takeo, Otani Takushi, Harada Yasunari","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.21","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i1.21","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CT drastically changes our lifestyle. Education must keep up with the change to have our next generation to survive. This paper will first point out lack of unanimous ethical guideline on ICT with illustrations from the current educational practices in Japan, then claim that coherent policies need a coherent conceptual system. As any guidelines of information education reflect a value system, or ethical bases of our decision making, it is essential to invite civilians and non-professionals of ICT to commit themselves in research, development, and education from the early stages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.29297/orbit.v1i1.21","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42948364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flick Catherine, Dennis L. Meghan, Reinhard Andrew
{"title":"Exploring simulated game worlds","authors":"Flick Catherine, Dennis L. Meghan, Reinhard Andrew","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.46","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.46","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>No Man’s Sky</em> is an open world space procedural exploration game which allows players to traverse space in space ships, land on and explore planets. A group of archaeogamers (archaeologists interested in video games for varying reasons) decided to treat the game as an archaeological site, and within the <em>No Man’s Sky</em> Archaeological Survey explore, catalogue findings, and analyze objects and constructs within the game from an archaeological perspective. One of the aspects of this activity was to create a Code of Ethics – this paper describes the creation of the Code, the difficulties in implementation of the Code, and offers some recommendations to game developers who wish to encourage similar archaeological exploration within their own games.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S251585622030047X/pdf?md5=87539dc195aa1c91a2da04b66b3fd70d&pid=1-s2.0-S251585622030047X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44794682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Privacy and Brain-Computer Interfaces: method and interim findings","authors":"Wahlstrom Kirsten, Fairweather Ben, Ashman Helen","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.39","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.39","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) are emerging technologies that acquire and translate neural data, applying that data to the control of other systems. Privacy has been identified as an ethical issue possibly arising from the use of BCIs. The research reported in this paper seeks to identify whether BCIs change privacy and if so, how and why. Interim findings are presented before outlining future research opportunities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300420/pdf?md5=ddee377cfcd5f6dfb4578fa58f1b12f4&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300420-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49588034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethical Design Fiction","authors":"Thessa Jensen, Peter Vistisen","doi":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.56","DOIUrl":"10.29297/orbit.v1i2.56","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we examine how ethical challenges can be approached in and through design fiction. To do so, we develop a new framework for analysis as well as creation of design fictions. Our main focus will be on design fiction within a strategical setting, connecting the notion of design fiction to the design process within large corporations as well as strategic design and decision making. Three cases are presented to support our findings. The final contribution will be the design fiction framework found in the conclusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101247,"journal":{"name":"The ORBIT Journal","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2515856220300535/pdf?md5=fd1d5383066927b2c6ca23ba21ecab6f&pid=1-s2.0-S2515856220300535-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69883626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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