Elena Graziano , Debora Cannillo , Mauro Spennacchio , Pantaleo Musci , Luisa Pisano , Michael Andresini , Marco Colella
{"title":"A sustainable and chemoselective continuous flow hydrogenation of functionalized 2-azetines to azetidines","authors":"Elena Graziano , Debora Cannillo , Mauro Spennacchio , Pantaleo Musci , Luisa Pisano , Michael Andresini , Marco Colella","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The synthesis of functionalized azetidines from azetines is poorly explored. Here, we report the safe and sustainable continuous flow hydrogenation of 2-azetines using ethyl acetate and CPME as environmentally responsible solvents. The chemoselective saturation of the endocyclic double bond of 2-azetines bearing additional functional groups sensitive to hydrogenation has been additionally disclosed. Moreover, the protocol has been successfully combined with the continuous flow preparation of the substrates, accessing to a bio-relevant azetidine through a telescoped multistep approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49730813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Facile and efficient acylation of chitin in deep eutectic solvents","authors":"Yusuke Egi, Jun-ichi Kadokawa","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates acylation of chitin in deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as analogous solvents of ionic liquids (ILs), because we have already reported that such reaction smoothly progresses using acyl chlorides in the presence of pyridine/<em>N,N</em>-dimethyl-4-aminopyridine (DMAP) as base/catalyst in the IL, that dissolves chitin. In addition to a DES composed of 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl) and thiourea (TUA) as hydrogen bond acceptor and donor (HBA and HBD), respectively, which we previously reported to dissolve chitin, several DESs were prepared from AMIMCl and different HBDs, that is, urea (UA), acetylthiourea (AcTUA), acetylurea (AcUA), and 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG). These DESs were found to also dissolve chitin. Hexanoylation of chitin in the AMIMCl/TUA-DES under the same conditions, as those previously performed in the IL, i.e., using hexanoyl chloride in the presence of pyridine/DMAP at 100 °C for 24 h, gave the product with the low degree of substitution (DS). As this was speculated to be due to the high nucleophilicity of TUA, which had a potential to react with hexanoyl chloride, the other HBDs with lower nucleophilicity, mentioned above, were employed to be combined with AMIMCl in the DESs. When hexanoylation of chitin was carried out in the DESs composed of UA, AcTUA, AcUA, and TMG under the same conditions as above, the higher DS products were obtained. In particular, the reaction in the AMIMCl/TMG-DES efficiently occurred in the absence of pyridine/DMAP to produce the high DS product, probably owing to the high basicity and low nucleophilicity of TMG. The structure of the chitin hexanoate produced was evaluated by the IR and <sup>1</sup>H NMR measurements. Accordingly, acylation of chitin using various acyl chlorides was performed in the AMIMCl/TMG-DES under the conditions without the use of pyridine/DMAP to give the corresponding chitin acylates with the high DSs. This study achieves the facile and efficient acylation method of chitin in the DES.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Valorization of biomass-derived furans over molecular catalysts","authors":"Ambikesh Dhar Dwivedi , Bhanu Priya , Ramkrishna Chinthala , Daya Shankar Pandey , Sanjay Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of effective methodologies for the sustainable production of chemicals and biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass has attracted immense attention from the scientific community. However, it is challenging due to the highly complex nature of biomass sources. Over the past few decades, numerous reports targeting various catalytic biomass transformation reactions highlighting the vital role of the catalysts in substrate activation and product selectivity have appeared in the literature. Through this perspective, we present recent advances in metal complexes-based molecular catalysis for transforming biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and furfural (FAL) to various industrially important chemicals, materials, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels. This article focuses on the catalytic transformation of 5-HMF and FAL involving hydrogenation, ring opening, hydrogenolysis, oxidation, and amination over molecular catalysts, to provide insights into the role of molecular catalytic systems explored in biomass transformation and allied areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mg–Al hydrotalcite-based catalysts for one-pot synthesis of quinoline derivatives","authors":"Ken Motokura","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This mini-review discusses Mg–Al hydrotalcite-based catalyst systems used for modified Friedländer quinoline synthesis. The metal-grafted Mg–Al hydrotalcites consist of both active metal species and base sites capable of advancing catalytic activity. The Ru-grafted catalysts are active for the oxidative dehydrogenation of 2-aminobenzyl alcohol to 2-aminobenzaldehyde, followed by the base-catalyzed condensation with ketones to 2-substituted quinolines. Fe-grafted Mg–Al hydrotalcites also act as heterogeneous catalysts for the one-pot synthesis at a slightly higher reaction temperature. For pure Mg–Al hydrotalcite, hydrogen transfer reactions occur to afford 2-aminobenzaldehyde intermediate with an alcohol, resulting in the consequent production of the corresponding quinolines. The reaction mechanism and substrate scope of each catalyst system are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neoteric chemical transformation involving gold based photocatalysis","authors":"Vishal Srivastava , Surabhi Sinha , Deepak Kumar , Praveen P. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gold photocatalysis includes a diverse set of gold-catalyzed processes with essentially distinctive fundamental stages. When photocatalysis and gold catalysis are combined, then it results to change the valence of the gold centre by electron transfer and radical addition without the usage of exogenous oxidants that are stoichiometrically sacrificed. A number of significant organic transformations are made possible by radicals' exceptional compatibility with gold catalysts. The photocatalysis using gold complexes opens up new opportunities for gold chemistry and complements the existing photoredox catalysis techniques admirably. In this review, the achieved transformations for mononuclear gold(I) catalysts (both those with and without a photosensitizer) and dinuclear gold(I) photocatalysts are discussed with a number of fascinating techniques, as well as their significance for organic chemists.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100009"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49760880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Organic solvent-free synthesis of sulfonyl hydrazides in water","authors":"Shizuki Noda, Shinji Tanimori","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2022.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2022.100001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An organic solvent-free synthesis of sulfonyl hydrazides has been achieved in water. The reactions of equimolar amount of sulfonyl chlorides and hydrazines afforded a series of substituted sulfonyl hydrazides at 60 °C for 1 h in water as a solvent in the presence of triethylamine when hydrazines are hydrochlorides. Moderate to good yields were observed for this transformation by the simple operation (46–93%). The reaction of amines, anilines, alcohol, and phenol have also been investigated in water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Citric acid supported on melamine-based COP [CA@MIP] in metal-free on-water synthesis of quinazolinones","authors":"Atif Mustafa, Zeba N. Siddiqui","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A metal-free, efficient, and eco-friendly on-water protocol for the synthesis of quinazolinone derivatives via a tandem one-pot three-component reaction using a novel, efficient, and recyclable heterogeneous catalyst, [CA@MIP] – melamine-based covalent organic polymer supported citric acid, has been described. The catalyst has been synthesized by a simple procedure and is well characterized by numerous spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Thermal Gravimetric (TG) analyses. [CA@MIP] showed excellent catalytic potential offering quinazolinones in excellent yields (>85%) in a short reaction time period and was reusable for up to five successive runs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100002"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mario Pagliaro , Rosaria Ciriminna , Sofia M. Morozova
{"title":"Sustainable optics? A critical insight into biopolymer-enabled optics","authors":"Mario Pagliaro , Rosaria Ciriminna , Sofia M. Morozova","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The use of biobased polymers or natural inorganic materials in place of synthetic polymers or liquid crystals derived from petroleum to fabricate optical components establishes the concept of “sustainable optics”, at least for what concerns the environmental dimension of sustainability as these polymers are renewable and often biodegradable or compostable. To identify the main obstacles to be addressed prior to industrial uptake of these polymeric resins in the optics industry, we focus on two promising and widely studied biobased polymeric materials, namely nanocellulose and poly(limonene carbonate). The conclusions have implications also for the emerging bioeconomy and the undergoing reshaping of the chemical industry driven by sustainability megatrend.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49707531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela M. Diogo, Pedro A.M. Moro, Taíssa A. Costin, Mariane Fantinel, Marcus M. Sá
{"title":"Chitosan as a sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for the preparation of functionalized α-diazo carbonyl compounds","authors":"Gabriela M. Diogo, Pedro A.M. Moro, Taíssa A. Costin, Mariane Fantinel, Marcus M. Sá","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The food industry generates vast amounts of waste and one of the most abundant is the biopolymer chitin, which is the main constituent of crustacean shells and insect exoskeletons. The alkaline deacetylation of the <em>N</em>-acetyl-<span>d</span>-glucosamino units of chitin leads to chitosan, a stable, inexpensive, non-toxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable material of basic properties due to the presence of free amino groups. In the present study, we report the catalytic activity of commercially available chitosan as a sustainable heterogeneous catalyst for the preparation of α-diazo carbonyl compounds through the diazo transfer reaction to active methylene compounds using a sulfonyl azide as the diazo transfer reagent. Thus, 17 α-diazo carbonyl compounds were readily prepared under mild conditions in 50–92% yield after a simple work-up consisting of vacuum filtration to separate the insoluble catalyst and the sulfonamide byproduct. This procedure was also adapted to aqueous medium, making the process more environmentally benign. The recovery and recyclability of the biocatalyst were also addressed, with the catalytic activity being slightly reduced after four reuses depending on the substrate used. The synthetic potential of diazo carbonyl compounds was further demonstrated through the rhodium-catalyzed O–H insertion reactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49730583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrochemical oxidation of sec-alcohols with MgBr2·6H2O","authors":"Kosuke Yamamoto , Takumi Inoue , Natsumi Hanazawa , Masami Kuriyama , Osamu Onomura","doi":"10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tgchem.2023.100010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electrochemical oxidation of <em>sec</em>-alcohols has been achieved using MgBr<sub>2</sub>·6H<sub>2</sub>O as an inexpensive active bromine source and electrolyte under constant current conditions. The reactions smoothly proceed in a simple undivided cell, and aliphatic/benzylic <em>sec</em>-alcohols bearing heteroaromatics as well as aryl and alkyl groups are successfully converted to the corresponding ketones in good to excellent yields. In addition, the present reaction conditions selectively transform a <em>secondary</em> hydroxy moiety over different classes of hydroxy groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101215,"journal":{"name":"Tetrahedron Green Chem","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49760892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}