Spill Science & Technology Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"NIST SP 995 In Situ Burning of Oil Spills resource collection 2 CD ROM set","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00066-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00066-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 405-406"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00066-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138414883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Window-of-Opportunity for In Situ Burning","authors":"Ian Buist","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00050-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00050-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper is a summary of the fundamentals that influence the window-of-opportunity for <em>in situ</em> burning of oil at sea. It is a discussion of the variables and factors that influence the capabilities and limitations of <em>in situ</em> burning of oil. This includes the requirements for ignition and sustained burning and the factors that influence the quantity of residue and burn efficiency and the use of emulsion breakers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 341-346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00050-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77969606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Situ Burning of Spilled Oil","authors":"Joseph V Mullin","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00077-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00077-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 4","pages":"Page 313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00077-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76509997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Founding Editorial Board Member","authors":"Per S Daling","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00075-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00075-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 315-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00075-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82496654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Effects of In Situ Burning of Oil Spills in Inland and Upland Habitats","authors":"Scott A Zengel,&nbsp;Jacqueline Michel,&nbsp;Jeffrey A Dahlin","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00051-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00051-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>In situ</em> burning of inland and upland habitats is an alternative oil spill cleanup technique that, when used appropriately, may be more environmentally acceptable than intrusive manual, mechanical, and chemical treatments. There have been few published reports documenting the environmental effects of <em>in situ</em> burning in inland and upland habitats. Thus, this study, sponsored by the American Petroleum Institute, used two approaches to increase the knowledge base and improve the appropriate use of <em>in situ</em> burning: (1) detailed review of published and unpublished <em>in situ</em><span> burn case histories for inland and upland spills; and (2) summaries of fire effects and other information from the literature on fire ecology and prescribed burning. Thirty-one case histories were summarized to identify the state of the practice concerning the reasons for burning, favorable conditions for burning, and evaluations of burn effects. The fire ecology and effects summaries included information from the extensive knowledge base surrounding wildfire and prescribed burning (without oil) as a natural resource management tool, as well as fire tolerance and burning considerations for dominant vegetation types of the United States. Results from these two approaches should improve the application of </span><em>in situ</em> burning for inland and upland spills.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 373-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00051-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79078914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating Time Windows for Burning Oil at Sea: Processes and Factors","authors":"Atle B Nordvik ,&nbsp;Michael A Champ ,&nbsp;Kenneth R Bitting","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00097-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00097-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper discusses processes and factors for estimating time period windows of <em>in situ</em> burning of spilled oil at sea. Time-periods of <em>in situ</em><span> burning of Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil are estimated using available data. Three crucial steps are identified. The First Step is to determine the time it takes for the evaporative loss to reach the known or established limitation for evaporation and compare this time-period with estimated time of ignition at the ambient wind and sea temperatures. The Second Step is to determine the water up-take of the spilled oil and compare it with the known or established limitation for water-in-oil content. The Third Step is to determine the necessary heat load from the igniter to bring the surface temperature of the spilled oil to its flash point temperature so that it will burn at the estimated time period for ignition of the slick.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 4","pages":"Pages 347-359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00097-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123581944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradation of Fuel Oil Under Laboratory and Arctic Marine Conditions","authors":"Robert M Garrett,&nbsp;Stephen J Rothenburger,&nbsp;Roger C Prince","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00037-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00037-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aerobic biodegradation of the components of a fuel oil under Arctic summer conditions follows a pattern that is indistinguishable from that exhibited under temperate conditions. Straight chain alkanes and small aromatics are degraded first, followed by branched alkanes and larger and alkylated aromatics. We present data on the biodegradation of heptadecane as a representative <em>n</em>-alkane, pristane as a representative <em>iso</em><span><span>-alkane, and naphthalene, </span>phenanthrene<span><span>, and chrysene and their alkylated forms as representative two-, three- and four-ring aromatic hydrocarbons. In particular, the pattern of degradation of the alkylated aromatics allows the identification of biodegradation in samples collected from the field and the estimation of the extent of biodegradation that occurred in the In-Situ Treatment of Oiled Sediment </span>Shorelines Field Trials.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 297-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00037-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74653104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oil–Mineral Aggregate Formation on Oiled Beaches: Natural Attenuation and Sediment Relocation","authors":"Kenneth Lee ,&nbsp;Patricia Stoffyn-Egli ,&nbsp;Gilles H Tremblay ,&nbsp;Edward H Owens ,&nbsp;Gary A Sergy ,&nbsp;Chantal C Guénette ,&nbsp;Roger C Prince","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00042-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00042-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The significance of oil–mineral aggregate (OMA) formation on the effectiveness of the <em>in situ</em><span><span><span> shoreline treatment options of </span>natural attenuation<span> (natural recovery) and sediment relocation (surf washing) was examined during field trials on two mixed-sediment (sand and pebble) beaches experimentally oiled with IF-30 oil. At both sites, the amount of oil remaining in the experimental plots was dramatically reduced within five days after sediment relocation treatments. Time-series microscopy and image analysis of breaker-zone water samples demonstrate that OMA formation occurred naturally on the oiled beaches at both sites and was accelerated by the sediment relocation procedure. Lower concentrations of OMA in the breaker zone at Site 3 are attributed to the higher wave-energy levels at this site that presumably facilitated more rapid OMA dispersion. The </span></span>granulometry<span><span> and mineralogy of beach sediment and of subtidal sediment trap samples indicate that the material settling in </span>nearshore waters originated from the relocated sediment and that a portion of the finer sediment was probably transported out of the study region before settling. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that a significant fraction of the oil dispersed into nearshore waters and sediments by interaction with mineral fines was biodegraded. The fact that little or no residual oil was found stranded on the shore in areas adjacent to the experimental plots and that only small amounts of oil were found in nearshore subtidal sediments and sediment trap samples suggests that a large fraction of the oil lost from the experimental plots may have been dispersed in the form of relatively buoyant OMA.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 285-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00042-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76765809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ Treatment of Oiled Sediment Shorelines","authors":"Gary A Sergy ,&nbsp;Chantal C Guénette ,&nbsp;Edward H Owens ,&nbsp;Roger C Prince ,&nbsp;Kenneth Lee","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00040-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00040-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Experimental oil spill studies were conducted to quantify the effectiveness of selected <em>in-situ</em><span><span> shoreline treatment options to accelerate natural oil removal processes on mixed-sediment (sand and pebble) shorelines. At each of three distinct shoreline sites, treatment test plots and control plots were established within a 40-, 80- and 143-m continuous stretch of oiled shoreline. A total of 5500 l of oil was deposited along a 3-m wide swath in the upper intertidal zone at each site. Approximately one week after oiling, a different treatment technique was applied to each plot. The treatment techniques were: sediment relocation (surf washing), mixing (tilling), bioremediation (fertilizer application), and bioremediation combined with mixing. One plot at each site was monitored for </span>natural attenuation<span>. The quantity of oil removed from the plots was measured six times up to 60 days post-treatment and then again one year later. Changes in the physical character of the beach, oil penetration, movement of oil to the subtidal environment, toxicity, and biodegradation were monitored over the 400-day period.</span></span></p><p>The results verified quantitatively that relocation of oiled sediments significantly accelerated the rate of oil removal from the shoreline by more than one year. Microscopic observations and image analyses confirmed that the oil–mineral aggregate formation process was active and was increased by sediment relocation. Oil biodegradation occurred in this arctic environment, both in the oiled sediments and on the fine mineral particles removed from the sediment by natural physical processes. The biodegradation of oil in sediment was significantly stimulated by simple bioremediation protocols. Mixing (by tilling) did not clearly stimulate oil loss and natural recovery in the context of this experimental design. None of the treatment techniques elevated toxicity in the nearshore environment to unacceptable levels, nor did they result in consequential alongshore or nearshore oiling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 237-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00040-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78432497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In situ Treatment and Fate of Oil Stranded on Coarse-Sediment Shorelines: The Svalbard Shoreline Field Trials","authors":"Gary Sergy,&nbsp;Ron Goodman","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00044-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00044-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"8 3","pages":"Page 229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(03)00044-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86292143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}