Spill Science & Technology Bulletin最新文献_第10页

Shoreline Assessment and Environmental Impacts from the M/T Westchester Oil Spill in the Mississippi River 密西西比河威斯特彻斯特漏油事件的海岸线评估和环境影响

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00047-6

Jacqueline Michel , Charles B Henry Jr. , Stephen Thumm

引用次数: 19

Management of Oil Spill Response and Cleanup in a River Under Severe Winter Conditions 严冬条件下河流溢油响应和清理的管理

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00058-0

Kim McCleneghan , Gary A. Reiter , James E. Hardwick , Patrick T. McGovern

{"title":"Management of Oil Spill Response and Cleanup in a River Under Severe Winter Conditions","authors":"Kim McCleneghan , Gary A. Reiter , James E. Hardwick , Patrick T. McGovern","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00058-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00058-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>On December 31, 2000, a tank truck overturned on a sharp curve and spilled about 3608 gallons of #6 fuel oil into the East Walker River (EWR) near Bridgeport, California, elevation 6500 ft. The EWR is one of the premier trout fishing streams in the State of California, and the town of Bridgeport is economically dependent on large numbers of fisherman who come there during trout fishing season each year. The cleanup was complicated by extreme cold weather conditions and ice coverage that hampered efforts of the responders for much of the three-month cleanup.</p><p>This paper describes the successful response in detail, and specifically addresses the many issues that the Unified Command dealt with and resolved during the cleanup. Those issues included safety concerns related to the cold weather environment, cold weather influences on equipment, containment and recovery strategies adapted to the stream and ice conditions, legal requirements regarding irrigation rights and water releases from an upstream reservoir, fish habitat protection, overlapping jurisdictions of multiple state and federal agencies, and concerns of the community, private landowners, and sport fishing organizations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 163-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00058-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81507685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

The OSSA II Pipeline Oil Spill: The Distribution of Oil, Cleanup Criteria, and Cleanup Operations OSSA II管道溢油:油的分布，清理标准和清理操作

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00055-5

Edward H Owens , Tony Henshaw

{"title":"The OSSA II Pipeline Oil Spill: The Distribution of Oil, Cleanup Criteria, and Cleanup Operations","authors":"Edward H Owens , Tony Henshaw","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00055-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00055-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An estimated 29,000 bbl of mixed crude oil and condensate were spilled on 30 January 2000 from the OSSA II pipeline, which was damaged during summer flood conditions, at the Rı́o Desaguadero river crossing on the Bolivian Altiplano. The oil was deposited as far as 370 km downstream along a total of approximately 400 km of river channel banks, meander flood plains, and irrigation ditches, as well as on several hundred hectares of low-lying flood plain wetlands. The oil was transported over a large geographic area but was cleaned up successfully and rapidly, in three months, by a large response operation that involved more than 3600 people, including 3200 local laborers at the peak period, using manual cleanup methods. Second phase cleanup activities after April 2000 focused on oiled vegetation and on man-made canals, ditches and livestock watering holes. Four sets of cleanup end points were used during this response to address specific environmental conditions: the reopening of the Desaguadero river for normal use; the removal of the oil residues; oiled vegetation used as forage; and man-made canals, ditches and watering holes. An inspection and documentation procedure was developed based on systematic aerial videotape surveys to assist operations with the removal of the oil residues and to ensure that cleanup standards were met.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 119-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00055-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83544890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Summary of Field Equipment Requirements for Responding to Riverine Oil Spills in Ice 冰上河流溢油响应现场设备要求摘要

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00079-8

J.W (Ian) Lambton

{"title":"Summary of Field Equipment Requirements for Responding to Riverine Oil Spills in Ice","authors":"J.W (Ian) Lambton","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00079-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00079-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oil spill response equipment and field experience in northern riverine and ice environments is limited. Successful responses have depended on planning and preparedness for quick deployment of response equipment into inland ice-covered waters in rivers. This paper is a summary of technology and equipment requirements for responding to riverine pipeline oil spills in ice, particularly as it relates to experiences and knowledge gained in responding to oil spills in Western Canada. A major requirement in planning is to survey and identify using recommended criteria, the potential Control Points in waterways to determine suitable places from which to mount and support containment and recovery deployment of equipment for spills. Key factors in responding to a riverine oil spill in ice are: planning, training exercises, flexibility, and specialized response equipment which includes OSCAR Units, jet boats, helicopters, and modified field equipment: skimmers, pumps, ice augers. In ice-covered rivers, control of spilled oil is required using special slot and deflector walls cut by chain saws in the ice. Human fatigue and safety are also critical elements in effective response.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 173-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00079-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82322614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

An Update on Implementation of Natural Resource Damage Assessment and Restoration under OPA OPA下自然资源损害评估与修复的最新进展

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00064-6

Linda B. Burlington

引用次数: 9

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00062-2

Clyde W. Barrow, Shawna E. Sweeney

引用次数: 0

The Media Politics of Oil Spills 石油泄漏的媒体政治

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00048-8

Alison G Anderson

{"title":"The Media Politics of Oil Spills","authors":"Alison G Anderson","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00048-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00048-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper considers the ways in which news values shape the reporting of oil spills and the constraints under which media practitioners work. A series of oil spills since the late 1960s [including the Torrey Canyon (1967), the <em>Exxon Valdez</em> (1989), and the Sea Empress (1996)] have attracted considerable attention from the news media. The focus is upon the dynamics through which news sources, with their own particular vested interests, compete to secure representation of the issues. Media discourse on risk and the environment is, to a significant extent, a discourse dependent upon the voices of official “experts”. Environmental organizations, industry, scientists and government offer their own particular competing accounts of the “reality” of the situation. Issues concerning differential access to the news media are crucial when considering who comes to define the event. Accordingly, the article examines the strategies adopted by the various news sources involved in influencing the symbolic representation of public issues.</p><p>Media practitioners are faced with great problems in interpreting and explaining these competing claims. Relatively few journalists and broadcasters have a scientific training and perhaps one of the greatest problems is that by simplifying complex scientific information one inevitably distorts it. Frequently researchers make the assumption that it is possible to demonstrate a direct causal link between news media coverage and public attitudes. However, the paper calls for great caution in interpreting “public opinion” concerning environmental issues and concludes by arguing that news media representations may more usefully be viewed as the outcome of a battle among a selective range of news sources, each seeking to provide their own definition of the public representation of the issues.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00048-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75061946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 42

Long-term Environmental Impact of Oil Spills 石油泄漏对环境的长期影响

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00051-8

Paul F Kingston

引用次数: 394

The Myth of the “Pristine Environment”: Past Human Impacts in Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska “原始环境”的神话:过去人类对威廉王子湾和阿拉斯加北部海湾的影响

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00063-4

Chris Wooley

{"title":"The Myth of the “Pristine Environment”: Past Human Impacts in Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska","authors":"Chris Wooley","doi":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00063-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00063-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The coastal region affected by the <em>Exxon Valdez</em><span> oil spill, although a beautiful and sensitive maritime wilderness with bountiful fish and wildlife, was not a pristine environment in 1989. Prior to the spill, Prince William Sound and the northern Gulf of Alaska region had experienced extensive human impacts from the commercial fur trade, commercial sea-mammal hunting, commercial fishing, logging, mining and introduced exotic species including foxes, Sitka black-tailed deer and hatchery-reared pink salmon. The spill occurred in a scenic area that was (and is) paradoxically both the source of subsistence food for local residents and the scene of extensive natural resource exploitation.</span></p><p>Contrary to media sound bites and news headlines, the Exxon Valdez oil spill did not destroy a pristine wilderness. The Russian and American fur traders, commercial whalers and commercial fishermen, miners, loggers, fox farmers and military construction crews had transformed the region long before March 24, 1989. The Exxon Valdez spill was an important chapter in the history of human impacts to the area’s maritime ecosystem, but it was not, as many continue to claim, the mother of all environmental impacts in the region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101181,"journal":{"name":"Spill Science & Technology Bulletin","volume":"7 1","pages":"Pages 89-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00063-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79168727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 37

The Cultural and Behavioral Impact of the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill on the Native Peoples of Prince William Sound, Alaska 埃克森瓦尔迪兹号石油泄漏对阿拉斯加威廉王子湾原住民的文化和行为影响

Spill Science & Technology Bulletin Pub Date : 2002-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1353-2561(02)00054-3

Rita A Miraglia

引用次数: 36