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How electrical and chemical requirements for refets may coincide 反射的电气和化学要求是如何一致的
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87038-6
P. Bergveld, A. Van Den Berg, P.D. Van Der Wal, M. Skowronska-Ptasinska, E.J.R. Sudhölter, D.N. Reinhoudt
{"title":"How electrical and chemical requirements for refets may coincide","authors":"P. Bergveld,&nbsp;A. Van Den Berg,&nbsp;P.D. Van Der Wal,&nbsp;M. Skowronska-Ptasinska,&nbsp;E.J.R. Sudhölter,&nbsp;D.N. Reinhoudt","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87038-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87038-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>After discussing the features of a differential ISFET/REFET measuring concept, the published attempts to construct a proper REFET are summarized. It is concluded that the present REFETs are based upon the addition of a blocking polymeric layer to the gate surface of an ISFET, but that this approach fails with respect to the required insensitivity to ionic strength variations as well as with respect to the electrical stability.</p><p>As a solution to these problems, this paper describes the development of a REFET concept that is based on the chemical attachment of a non-blocking polymeric layer. Characterization methods of these layers with respect to the electrical as well as the chemical behaviour are given and discussed.</p><p>Finally, the experimental results of an acrylate/polyHEMA-REFET are shown in a differential ISFET/REFET system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 309-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87038-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82360198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 83
Odour-sensing system using a quartz-resonator sensor array and neural-network pattern recognition 气味传感系统采用石英谐振器传感器阵列和神经网络模式识别
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87036-2
Kouichi Ema, Mamoru Yokoyama, Takamichi Nakamoto, Toyosaka Moriizumi
{"title":"Odour-sensing system using a quartz-resonator sensor array and neural-network pattern recognition","authors":"Kouichi Ema,&nbsp;Mamoru Yokoyama,&nbsp;Takamichi Nakamoto,&nbsp;Toyosaka Moriizumi","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87036-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87036-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is difficult to realize an odour or gas sensor with a high selectivity. From a biomimetic viewpoint, it is promising to make a sensor array and analyse the output pattern to recognize the various sorts of gases. We use six quartz resonators, with different coating materials, whose oscillation frequencies decrease when gas molecules are adsorbed on the sensing membranes over them. The pattern analysis method used in the present study is neural network pattern recognition. This network has been trained to identify the types of odours using the back-propagation algorithm. The system is trained to identify 11 kinds of liquors on the market and its recognition probability is 73% when the liquor signals used in the training are input. In order to enhance the odour recognition ability, the data vectors for the liquors are input to the network after subtracting those for aqueous ethanol solutions that have the same ethanol concentrations as the liquors. The recognition probability is then improved to 88%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 291-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87036-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91760776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 109
Four-terminal-gauge quasi-circular and square diaphragm silicon pressure sensors 四端压力表准圆形和方形膜片硅压力传感器
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87032-5
Yozo Kanda, Kazuhisa Yamamura
{"title":"Four-terminal-gauge quasi-circular and square diaphragm silicon pressure sensors","authors":"Yozo Kanda,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Yamamura","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87032-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87032-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Five pressure sensors with a four-terminal gauge using shear stress have been developed. In order to obtain high fracture strength of the sensors, a quasi-circular diaphragm, in place of a square one, has been made by an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide and isopropyl alcohol. Since a four-terminal gauge is small, four four-terminal gauges with different distances from the centre are made on a diaphragm so that an optimum gauge for various pressure ranges, <em>i.e.</em>, various thickness of the diaphragm, can be chosen. This sensor makes a custom pressure sensor possible. For measuring very low pressures, a square pressure sensor consisting of a cross rib with the four-terminal gauge, thin membranes and a centre boss (EI-type cross-section) has been developed. This sensor can be used as an acceleration sensor by etching off the membranes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 247-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87032-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91760783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Preparation and properties of ceramic sensor elements based on MgCr2O4 MgCr2O4陶瓷传感器元件的制备及性能研究
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87046-5
Goran Dražič, Marija Trontelj
{"title":"Preparation and properties of ceramic sensor elements based on MgCr2O4","authors":"Goran Dražič,&nbsp;Marija Trontelj","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87046-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87046-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using TiO<sub>2</sub>, ZrO<sub>2</sub> and SnO<sub>2</sub> as additives, the intrinsic electrical resistivity-humidity characteristics of MgCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> material used for humidity sensors is varied. By choosing a particle size fraction of the starting powders with a radius less than or equal to 1 μm and varying the sintering temperature from 1200 °C to 1500 °C, the sintered porosity and pore-size distribution of the sensor ceramic elements are controlled. By macerating the ceramic elements with solutions of various salts containing CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2−</sup> ions, the sensitivity of the impedance of the sensor elements to CO<sub>2</sub> in air is diminished.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 407-414"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87046-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80634795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 25
The application of discrimination technique to alcohols and tobaccos using tin-oxide sensors 氧化锡传感器在酒精和烟草识别技术中的应用
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87042-8
H.V. Shurmer, J.W. Gardner, H.T. Chan
{"title":"The application of discrimination technique to alcohols and tobaccos using tin-oxide sensors","authors":"H.V. Shurmer,&nbsp;J.W. Gardner,&nbsp;H.T. Chan","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87042-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87042-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>After a brief introduction to the mechanisms involved in semiconductor gas sensors, questions of linearity and superposition are considered for mixtures of gases. It is established that Taguchi gas sensors (TGS) can provide a good approximation to a linear model and that superposition principles apply under certain conditions. This greatly facilitates the analysis of data and the identification of constituent components in a mixture of gases. Innovative techniques have been applied to alcohols and tobaccos with conspicuous success. These relate to pattern recognition and cluster separation, using simple mathematical procedures to enhance the identification of closely similar batches of test samples. It is confidently expected that many other applications for these methods will arise.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 361-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87042-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91760786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 83
Long-life multiple-ISFETS with polymeric gates 具有聚合物栅极的长寿命多isfet
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87039-8
K. Tsukada, M. Sebata, Y. Miyahara, H. Miyagi
{"title":"Long-life multiple-ISFETS with polymeric gates","authors":"K. Tsukada,&nbsp;M. Sebata,&nbsp;Y. Miyahara,&nbsp;H. Miyagi","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87039-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87039-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long-life, integrated multiple-ISFETs with CMOS interface circuits have been developed. The interface circuits are designed for impedance conversion and rapid multiplexing of the signal from each ISFET. Three kinds of ion-selective membranes for sodium, potassium and chloride are formed on the gates and separated by a patterned thick polyimide layer. The poor adhesion of the polymeric membrane to the ISFET gate is improved by selecting the proper plasticizer for use in the membrane. As a result, a chemical response for sodium, potassium and chloride can be obtained for more than two months.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 329-336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87039-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90126098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
A novel urushi matrix sodium ion-selective field-effect transistor 一种新型铝基钠离子选择性场效应晶体管
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87035-0
Shin-ichi Wakida, Masataka Yamane, Kazuo Hiiro
{"title":"A novel urushi matrix sodium ion-selective field-effect transistor","authors":"Shin-ichi Wakida,&nbsp;Masataka Yamane,&nbsp;Kazuo Hiiro","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87035-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87035-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A durable sodium ion-selective field-effect transistor (ISFET) is proposed with Urushi as the membrane matrix. The sodium ion-sensing membrane is composed of sodium ionophore (ETH 227), di-2-ethylhexylphthalate, potassium tetrakis(<em>p</em>-chlorophenyl)borate and Urushi. The prepared Urushi matrix ISFET showed a linear response in the sodium ion activity range from 100 M to 10<sup>−3.5</sup> M and about 53 mV per decade change of sodium ion activity. The selectivity of the Urushi matrix ISFET was almost the same as that of the corresponding PVC matrix ion-selective electrode. The Urushi ISFET showed excellent stability with drift below 0.15 mV per hour and durability for over a month, because of strong adhesion of the membrane to the Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> gate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 285-290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87035-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91760775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
An interchangeable silicon pressure sensor with on-chip compensation circuitry 具有片上补偿电路的可互换硅压力传感器
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87031-3
P. Kopystynski, E. Obermeier
{"title":"An interchangeable silicon pressure sensor with on-chip compensation circuitry","authors":"P. Kopystynski,&nbsp;E. Obermeier","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87031-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87031-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new concept for the calibration and temperature compensation of a piezoresistive silicon pressure sensor is proposed, in which the piezoresistive Wheatstone bridge is combined on chip with a trimmable polysilicon resistor network. The design, fabrication and measured characteristic of a sensor based on this concept are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 239-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87031-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91760784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Conference announcements 会议公告
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87048-9
{"title":"Conference announcements","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87048-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87048-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 427-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87048-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136940119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Micro glucose using electron mediators immobilized on a polypyrrole-modified electrode 多吡咯修饰电极上固定化电子介质的微葡萄糖
Sensors and Actuators Pub Date : 1989-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/0250-6874(89)87037-4
E. Tamiya, I. Karube, S. Hattori, M. Suzuki, K. Yokoyama
{"title":"Micro glucose using electron mediators immobilized on a polypyrrole-modified electrode","authors":"E. Tamiya,&nbsp;I. Karube,&nbsp;S. Hattori,&nbsp;M. Suzuki,&nbsp;K. Yokoyama","doi":"10.1016/0250-6874(89)87037-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87037-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An amperometric micro enzyme electrode for the analysis of glucose is described. Micro gold electrodes fabricated by the sputtering method are used as transducers of micro glucose sensors. Glucose oxidase (GOD) is strongly adsorbed onto a polypyrrole film electropolymerized in aqueous solution. 1,1′-Dimethylferrocene is used as a mediator of electron transfer between adsorbed GOD adn the polypyrrole-modified electrode. Glucose determination within a wide range (2.5 – 30 mM) is possible. The stability of the enzyme electrode has been improved with a lower electrochemical potential (0.1 V <em>versus</em> SCE) over 10 days. By comparison, micro electrodes with a polypyrrole film, which are prepared from an acetonitrile solution of pyrrole, show no response to glucose. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the surface area of the polypyrrole film prepared in KCl aqueous solution is much larger than that in acetonitrile solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101159,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators","volume":"18 3","pages":"Pages 297-307"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1989-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0250-6874(89)87037-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91760781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 66
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